diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'next-lib/src/english/MorphoEng.gf')
| -rw-r--r-- | next-lib/src/english/MorphoEng.gf | 197 |
1 files changed, 197 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/next-lib/src/english/MorphoEng.gf b/next-lib/src/english/MorphoEng.gf new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4c11bbd35 --- /dev/null +++ b/next-lib/src/english/MorphoEng.gf @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +--# -path=.:../../prelude + +--1 A Simple English Resource Morphology +-- +-- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2005 +-- +-- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource +-- syntax. To build a lexicon, it is better to use $ParadigmsEng$, which +-- gives a higher-level access to this module. + +resource MorphoEng = ResEng ** open Prelude, (Predef=Predef) in { + + flags optimize=all ; + +--2 Phonology +-- +-- To regulate the use of endings for both nouns, adjectives, and verbs: + +oper + y2ie : Str -> Str -> Str = \fly,s -> + let y = last (init fly) in + case y of { + "a" => fly + s ; + "e" => fly + s ; + "o" => fly + s ; + "u" => fly + s ; + _ => init fly + "ie" + s + } ; + + +--2 Nouns +-- +-- For conciseness and abstraction, we define a worst-case macro for +-- noun inflection. It is used for defining special case that +-- only need one string as argument. + +oper + CommonNoun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str} ; + + nounGen : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> case last dog of { + "y" => nounY "dog" ; + "s" => nounS (init "dog") ; + _ => nounReg "dog" + } ; + +-- These are auxiliaries to $nounGen$. + + nounReg : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> + mkNoun dog (dog + "s") (dog + "'s") (dog + "s'"); + nounS : Str -> CommonNoun = \kiss -> + mkNoun kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "'s") (kiss + "es'") ; + nounY : Str -> CommonNoun = \fl -> + mkNoun (fl + "y") (fl + "ies") (fl + "y's") (fl + "ies'") ; + + +--3 Proper names +-- +-- Regular proper names are inflected with "'s" in the genitive. + + nameReg : Str -> Gender -> {s : Case => Str} = \john,g -> + {s = table {Gen => john + "'s" ; _ => john} ; g = g} ; + +--2 Determiners + + mkDeterminer : Number -> Str -> {s,sp : Str ; n : Number} = \n,s -> + {s,sp = s ; n = n} ; + +--2 Pronouns +-- +-- Here we define personal pronouns. +-- +-- We record the form "mine" and the gender for later use. + + Pronoun : Type = + {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} ; + + mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> Gender -> Pronoun = + \I,me,my,mine,n,p,g -> + {s = table {Nom => I ; Acc => me ; Gen => my} ; + a = toAgr n p g + } ; + + human : Gender = Masc ; --- doesn't matter + + pronI = mkPronoun "I" "me" "my" "mine" Sg P1 human ; + pronYouSg = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Sg P2 human ; -- verb agr OK + pronHe = mkPronoun "he" "him" "his" "his" Sg P3 Masc ; + pronShe = mkPronoun "she" "her" "her" "hers" Sg P3 Fem ; + pronIt = mkPronoun "it" "it" "its" "it" Sg P3 Neutr ; + + pronWe = mkPronoun "we" "us" "our" "ours" Pl P1 human ; + pronYouPl = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Pl P2 human ; + pronThey = mkPronoun "they" "them" "their" "theirs" Pl P3 human ; --- + + +--2 Adjectives +-- +-- To form the adjectival and the adverbial forms, two strings are needed +-- in the worst case. (First without degrees.) + + Adjective = {s : AForm => Str} ; + +-- However, most adjectives can be inflected using the final character. +-- N.B. this is not correct for "shy", but $mkAdjective$ has to be used. + + regAdjective : Str -> Adjective = \free -> + let + e = last free ; + fre = init free ; + freely = case e of { + "y" => fre + "ily" ; + _ => free + "ly" + } ; + fre = case e of { + "e" => fre ; + "y" => fre + "i" ; + _ => free + } + in + mkAdjective free (fre + "er") (fre + "est") freely ; + +-- Many adjectives are 'inflected' by adding a comparison word. + + adjDegrLong : Str -> Adjective = \ridiculous -> + mkAdjective + ridiculous + ("more" ++ ridiculous) + ("most" ++ ridiculous) + ((regAdjective ridiculous).s ! AAdv) ; + + +--3 Verbs +-- +-- The worst case needs five forms. (The verb "be" is treated separately.) + + mkVerb4 : (_,_,_,_: Str) -> Verb = \go,goes,went,gone -> + let going = case last go of { + "e" => init go + "ing" ; + _ => go + "ing" + } + in + mkVerb go goes went gone going ; + +-- This is what we use to derive the irregular forms in almost all cases + + mkVerbIrreg : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \bite,bit,bitten -> + let bites = case last bite of { + "y" => y2ie bite "s" ; + "s" => init bite + "es" ; + _ => bite + "s" + } + in mkVerb4 bite bites bit bitten ; + +-- This is used to derive regular forms. + + mkVerbReg : Str -> Verb = \soak -> + let + soaks = case last soak of { + "y" => y2ie soak "s" ; + "s" => init soak + "es" ; + _ => soak + "s" + } ; + soaked = case last soak of { + "e" => init soak + "s" ; + _ => soak + "ed" + } + in + mkVerb4 soak soaks soaked soaked ; + + verbGen : Str -> Verb = \kill -> case last kill of { + "y" => verbP3y (init kill) ; + "e" => verbP3e (init kill) ; + "s" => verbP3s (init kill) ; + _ => regVerbP3 kill + } ; + +-- These are just auxiliary to $verbGen$. + + regVerbP3 : Str -> Verb = \walk -> + mkVerbIrreg walk (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") ; + verbP3s : Str -> Verb = \kiss -> + mkVerb4 kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "ed") (kiss + "ed") ; + verbP3e : Str -> Verb = \love -> + mkVerb4 love (love + "s") (love + "d") (love + "d") ; + verbP3y : Str -> Verb = \cr -> + mkVerb4 (cr + "y") (cr + "ies") (cr + "ied") (cr + "ied") ; + +--- The particle always appears right after the verb. + + verbPart : Verb -> Str -> Verb = \v,p -> + {s = \\f => v.s ! f ++ p ; isRefl = v.isRefl} ; + + verbNoPart : Verb -> Verb = \v -> verbPart v [] ; + + +} ; + |