From 455d9558417a759fae3ccbe5cde5c9f5064a08d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: krasimir Date: Sun, 6 Jun 2010 11:06:44 +0000 Subject: changes in SUMO: formatting and fixes for lots of lots of small problems --- examples/SUMO/Geography.gf | 5436 +++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 2631 insertions(+), 2805 deletions(-) (limited to 'examples/SUMO/Geography.gf') diff --git a/examples/SUMO/Geography.gf b/examples/SUMO/Geography.gf index 6ff3bde4d..421f6278d 100644 --- a/examples/SUMO/Geography.gf +++ b/examples/SUMO/Geography.gf @@ -1,3062 +1,2888 @@ -abstract Geography = open Merge, Mid_level_ontology, Transportation in { +abstract Geography = MidLevelOntology ** { + fun AcidRainIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- AcidRainfall is the subclass of + -- Raining in which the precipitate contains harmful amounts of + -- sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxide. The standard for acid rain + -- is below 5.6 pH. + fun AcidRainfall : Class ; + fun AcidRainfall_Class : SubClass AcidRainfall WeatherProcess ; + -- Acidification is the process of + -- lowering soil and water pH due to acid rain or other types of + -- acid deposition. Potential harmful effects include killing + -- freshwater fish and plants. + fun Acidification : Class ; + fun Acidification_Class : SubClass Acidification Combining ; -fun AcidRainIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun AcidificationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- AcidRainfall is the subclass of --- Raining in which the precipitate contains harmful amounts of --- sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxide. The standard for acid rain --- is below 5.6 pH. -fun AcidRainfall : Class ; -fun AcidRainfall_Class : SubClass AcidRainfall WeatherProcess ; + -- AerosolParticulate is a + -- Substance that includes aerosol_dispersed particles + -- that are mixed with air, gas, or smoke. A form of Pollution. + fun AerosolParticulate : Class ; + fun AerosolParticulate_Class : SubClass AerosolParticulate Substance ; --- Acidification is the process of --- lowering soil and water pH due to acid rain or other types of --- acid deposition. Potential harmful effects include killing --- freshwater fish and plants. -fun Acidification : Class ; -fun Acidification_Class : SubClass Acidification Combining ; + fun AerosolParticulateIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun AcidificationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Afforestation is the process of + -- planting trees and plants on spaces that are either empty or in + -- agricultural use. + fun Afforestation : Class ; + fun Afforestation_Class : SubClass Afforestation Planting ; --- AerosolParticulate is a --- Substance that includes aerosol_dispersed particles --- that are mixed with air, gas, or smoke. A form of Pollution. -fun AerosolParticulate : Class ; -fun AerosolParticulate_Class : SubClass AerosolParticulate Substance ; + fun Africa : Ind Continent ; -fun AerosolParticulateIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Aftershock is the subclass of EarthTremors + -- that occur after the main tremor(s) of an Earthquake. + fun Aftershock : Class ; + fun Aftershock_Class : SubClass Aftershock EarthTremor ; --- Afforestation is the process of --- planting trees and plants on spaces that are either empty or in --- agricultural use. -fun Afforestation : Class ; -fun Afforestation_Class : SubClass Afforestation Planting ; + -- Agreement is the class of + -- Propositions that express the contents of agreements + -- entered into by CognitiveAgents. Agreement includes + -- treaties, contracts, purchase orders, pledges, marriage + -- vows, etc. An Agreement may be written down in a document + -- or other ContentBearingObject. + fun Agreement : Class ; + fun Agreement_Class : SubClass Agreement Proposition ; -fun Africa : Ind Continent ; + -- (AgreementOrganizationFn ?AGR) + -- denotes the official Organization established by the Agreement ?AGR + -- to administer or enforce the terms of that agreement. + fun AgreementOrganizationFn : El Agreement -> Ind Organization ; --- Aftershock is the subclass of EarthTremors --- that occur after the main tremor(s) of an Earthquake. -fun Aftershock : Class ; -fun Aftershock_Class : SubClass Aftershock EarthTremor ; + fun AgriculturalChemicalsIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Agreement is the class of --- Propositions that express the contents of agreements --- entered into by CognitiveAgents. Agreement includes --- treaties, contracts, purchase orders, pledges, marriage --- vows, etc. An Agreement may be written down in a document --- or other ContentBearingObject. -fun Agreement : Class ; -fun Agreement_Class : SubClass Agreement Proposition ; + fun AgriculturalExpansionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- (AgreementOrganizationFn ?AGR) --- denotes the official Organization established by the Agreement ?AGR --- to administer or enforce the terms of that agreement. -fun AgreementOrganizationFn : El Agreement -> Ind Organization ; + -- Agriculture is a class of Processes + -- in which land, plants, or animals are cultivated in order to produce + -- food or other organic products. + fun Agriculture : Class ; + fun Agriculture_Class : SubClass Agriculture Maintaining ; + -- AirPollution is the subclass of + -- Pollution processes in which air is contaminated. + fun AirPollution : Class ; + fun AirPollution_Class : SubClass AirPollution Pollution ; -fun AgriculturalChemicalsIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun AirPollutionConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun AgriculturalExpansionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun AirPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; --- Agriculture is a class of Processes --- in which land, plants, or animals are cultivated in order to produce --- food or other organic products. -fun Agriculture : Class ; -fun Agriculture_Class : SubClass Agriculture Maintaining ; + fun AirPollution_NitrogenOxidesProtocol : Ind Agreement ; --- AirPollution is the subclass of --- Pollution processes in which air is contaminated. -fun AirPollution : Class ; -fun AirPollution_Class : SubClass AirPollution Pollution ; + fun AirPollution_PeristentOrganicPollutantsProtocol : Ind Agreement ; -fun AirPollutionConvention : Ind Agreement ; + fun AirPollution_Sulphur85Protocol : Ind Agreement ; -fun AirPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + fun AirPollution_Sulphur94Protocol : Ind Agreement ; -fun AirPollution_NitrogenOxidesProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + fun AirPollution_VolatileOrganicCompoundsProtocol : Ind Agreement ; -fun AirPollution_PeristentOrganicPollutantsProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + -- AirStream is the class of FlowRegions that consist of air. + fun AirStream : Class ; + fun AirStream_Class : SubClass AirStream (both Air FlowRegion) ; -fun AirPollution_Sulphur85Protocol : Ind Agreement ; + -- The area below the AntarcticCircle, which is + -- 66 degrees 33 minutes and 38 seconds south latitude. It is dark + -- for at least 24 hours at some point during the year, with an + -- increasing period of yearly continuous darkness as one gets closer + -- to the South Pole. + fun AntarcticArea : Class ; + fun AntarcticArea_Class : SubClass AntarcticArea LandArea ; -fun AirPollution_Sulphur94Protocol : Ind Agreement ; + fun AntarcticCircumpolarCurrent : Ind WaterMotion ; -fun AirPollution_VolatileOrganicCompoundsProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + fun AntarcticSealsConvention : Ind Agreement ; --- AirStream is the class of FlowRegions that consist of air. -fun AirStream : Class ; -fun AirStream_Class : SubClass AirStream (both Air FlowRegion) ; + fun AntarcticTreaty : Ind Agreement ; + fun Antarctic_EnvironmentalProtocol : Ind Agreement ; --- The area below the AntarcticCircle, which is --- 66 degrees 33 minutes and 38 seconds south latitude. It is dark --- for at least 24 hours at some point during the year, with an --- increasing period of yearly continuous darkness as one gets closer --- to the South Pole. -fun AntarcticArea : Class ; -fun AntarcticArea_Class : SubClass AntarcticArea LandArea ; + fun Antarctic_MarineLivingResourcesConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun AntarcticCircumpolarCurrent : Ind WaterMotion ; + fun ArabianSea : Ind Sea ; -fun AntarcticSealsConvention : Ind Agreement ; + -- ArableLand is the subclass of + -- LandArea that represents land in cultivation with crops that + -- are replanted after each harvest, e.g., wheat and rice. + fun ArableLand : Class ; + fun ArableLand_Class : SubClass ArableLand LandArea ; -fun AntarcticTreaty : Ind Agreement ; + fun AralSea : Ind SaltLake ; -fun Antarctic_EnvironmentalProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + -- ArcMinute represents a UnitOfMeasure + -- equivalent to 1/60th of an AngularDegree. + fun ArcMinute : Ind UnitOfAngularMeasure ; -fun Antarctic_MarineLivingResourcesConvention : Ind Agreement ; + -- ArcSecond represents a UnitOfMeasure + -- equivalent to 1/60th of an ArcMinute. + fun ArcSecond : Ind UnitOfAngularMeasure ; -fun ArabianSea : Ind Sea ; + -- An ArchipelagicArea is a GeographicArea + -- including an Archipelago and the surrounding WaterArea. + fun ArchipelagicArea : Class ; + fun ArchipelagicArea_Class : SubClass ArchipelagicArea GeographicArea ; --- ArableLand is the subclass of --- LandArea that represents land in cultivation with crops that --- are replanted after each harvest, e.g., wheat and rice. -fun ArableLand : Class ; -fun ArableLand_Class : SubClass ArableLand LandArea ; + -- An Archipelago is a group of islands. + fun Archipelago : Class ; + fun Archipelago_Class : SubClass Archipelago (both Collection LandForm) ; -fun AralSea : Ind SaltLake ; + -- ArcticOcean represents the Arctic Ocean. + fun ArcticOcean : Ind Ocean ; --- ArcMinute represents a UnitOfMeasure --- equivalent to 1/60th of an AngularDegree. -fun ArcMinute : Ind UnitOfAngularMeasure ; + -- The area above the Artic Circle, which is + -- 66 degrees 33 minutes and 38 seconds north latitude. It is dark + -- for at least 24 hours at some point during the year, with an + -- increasing period of yearly continuous darkness as one gets closer + -- to the North Pole. + fun ArcticRegion : Class ; + -- AreaOfConcern is a subclass of + -- Attributes that represent and classify the kinds of interests that + -- agents have. + fun AreaOfConcern : Class ; + fun AreaOfConcern_Class : SubClass AreaOfConcern RelationalAttribute ; --- ArcSecond represents a UnitOfMeasure --- equivalent to 1/60th of an ArcMinute. -fun ArcSecond : Ind UnitOfAngularMeasure ; + -- AridClimateZone is the + -- class of regions in which the climate is characterized by + -- a distinct dry season. Annual rate of moisture evaporation + -- exceeds annual rate of precipitation. This is Class B in the + -- Koeppen climate system. + fun AridClimateZone : Class ; + fun AridClimateZone_Class : SubClass AridClimateZone ClimateZone ; + -- Asbestos is a Mineral. + fun Asbestos : Class ; + fun Asbestos_Class : SubClass Asbestos Mineral ; --- An ArchipelagicArea is a GeographicArea --- including an Archipelago and the surrounding WaterArea. -fun ArchipelagicArea : Class ; -fun ArchipelagicArea_Class : SubClass ArchipelagicArea GeographicArea ; + fun AsbestosDisposalIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- An Archipelago is a group of islands. -fun Archipelago : Class ; -fun Archipelago_Class : SubClass Archipelago (both Collection LandForm) ; + fun Asia : Ind Continent ; + -- AtlanticOcean represents the Atlantic Ocean. + fun AtlanticOcean : Ind Ocean ; --- ArcticOcean represents the Arctic Ocean. -fun ArcticOcean : Ind Ocean ; + -- Atmosphere is a mixture of gases + -- surrounding any celestial object that has a gravitational field + -- strong enough to prevent the gases from escaping. + fun Atmosphere : Class ; + fun Atmosphere_Class : SubClass Atmosphere Region ; + fun AtmosphericHazing : Class ; + fun AtmosphericHazing_Class : SubClass AtmosphericHazing WeatherProcess ; --- The area above the Artic Circle, which is --- 66 degrees 33 minutes and 38 seconds north latitude. It is dark --- for at least 24 hours at some point during the year, with an --- increasing period of yearly continuous darkness as one gets closer --- to the North Pole. -fun ArcticRegion : Class ; + -- Atoll is the class of CoralReefs which surround a lagoon. + fun Atoll : Class ; + fun Atoll_Class : SubClass Atoll CoralReef ; + -- AvalancheProcess is a subclass of + -- Motion that represents events in which a loosened mass of snow, ice, + -- rock, or earth rapidly descends a steep slope, with a destructive force. + fun AvalancheProcess : Class ; + fun AvalancheProcess_Class : SubClass AvalancheProcess Impelling ; --- AreaOfConcern is a subclass of --- Attributes that represent and classify the kinds of interests that --- agents have. -fun AreaOfConcern : Class ; -fun AreaOfConcern_Class : SubClass AreaOfConcern RelationalAttribute ; + fun BalticSea : Ind Sea ; --- AridClimateZone is the --- class of regions in which the climate is characterized by --- a distinct dry season. Annual rate of moisture evaporation --- exceeds annual rate of precipitation. This is Class B in the --- Koeppen climate system. -fun AridClimateZone : Class ; -fun AridClimateZone_Class : SubClass AridClimateZone ClimateZone ; + -- Barite is Barium Sulfate occurring as a mineral. + fun Barite : Class ; + fun Barite_Class : SubClass Barite (both CompoundSubstance Mineral) ; --- Asbestos is a Mineral. -fun Asbestos : Class ; -fun Asbestos_Class : SubClass Asbestos Mineral ; + -- A Basin is an area of land enclosed or partially + -- enclosed by higher land. + fun Basin : Class ; + fun Basin_Class : SubClass Basin LandForm ; -fun AsbestosDisposalIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Bay is the class of extensions of a body of water + -- (salt or fresh) that reach into the land, usually smaller than a + -- Gulf. + fun Bay : Class ; + fun Bay_Class : SubClass Bay Inlet ; -fun Asia : Ind Continent ; + -- BeaufortNumber is the + -- Attribute for indicating wind force, according to + -- classifications based on observable weather conditions and later + -- related to wind speed ranges. + fun BeaufortNumber : Class ; + fun BeaufortNumber_Class : SubClass BeaufortNumber RelationalAttribute ; --- AtlanticOcean represents the Atlantic --- Ocean. -fun AtlanticOcean : Ind Ocean ; + fun BeaufortNumberEight : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BeaufortNumberEleven : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- Atmosphere is a mixture of gases --- surrounding any celestial object that has a gravitational field --- strong enough to prevent the gases from escaping. -fun Atmosphere : Class ; -fun Atmosphere_Class : SubClass Atmosphere Region ; + fun BeaufortNumberFive : Ind BeaufortNumber ; -fun AtmosphericHazing : Class ; -fun AtmosphericHazing_Class : SubClass AtmosphericHazing WeatherProcess ; + fun BeaufortNumberFour : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- Atoll is the class of CoralReefs which surround --- a lagoon. -fun Atoll : Class ; -fun Atoll_Class : SubClass Atoll CoralReef ; + fun BeaufortNumberNine : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- AvalancheProcess is a subclass of --- Motion that represents events in which a loosened mass of snow, ice, --- rock, or earth rapidly descends a steep slope, with a destructive force. -fun AvalancheProcess : Class ; -fun AvalancheProcess_Class : SubClass AvalancheProcess Impelling ; + fun BeaufortNumberOne : Ind BeaufortNumber ; -fun BalticSea : Ind Sea ; + fun BeaufortNumberSeven : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- Barite is Barium Sulfate occurring as a mineral. -fun Barite : Class ; -fun Barite_Class : SubClass Barite (both CompoundSubstance Mineral) ; + fun BeaufortNumberSix : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BeaufortNumberTen : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- A Basin is an area of land enclosed or partially --- enclosed by higher land. -fun Basin : Class ; -fun Basin_Class : SubClass Basin LandForm ; + fun BeaufortNumberThree : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- Bay is the class of extensions of a body of water --- (salt or fresh) that reach into the land, usually smaller than a --- Gulf. -fun Bay : Class ; -fun Bay_Class : SubClass Bay Inlet ; + fun BeaufortNumberTwelve : Ind BeaufortNumber ; --- BeaufortNumber is the --- Attribute for indicating wind force, according to --- classifications based on observable weather conditions and later --- related to wind speed ranges. -fun BeaufortNumber : Class ; -fun BeaufortNumber_Class : SubClass BeaufortNumber RelationalAttribute ; + fun BeaufortNumberTwo : Ind BeaufortNumber ; -fun BeaufortNumberEight : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BeringSea : Ind Sea ; -fun BeaufortNumberEleven : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- BiodiversityAttribute is the + -- class of Attributes that describe the level of biodiversity present + -- in a GeographicArea or Ecosystem. + fun BiodiversityAttribute : Class ; + fun BiodiversityAttribute_Class : SubClass BiodiversityAttribute InternalAttribute ; -fun BeaufortNumberFive : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BiodiversityConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun BeaufortNumberFour : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BiodiversityIssue : Class ; + fun BiodiversityIssue_Class : SubClass BiodiversityIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun BeaufortNumberNine : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- Biome is the class of GeographicAreas + -- representing major kinds of ecological communities, that is, areas in + -- which certain kinds of plants, animals, weather, and terrain interact + -- to produce and support a distinctive ecosystem. + fun Biome : Class ; + fun Biome_Class : SubClass Biome Ecosystem ; -fun BeaufortNumberOne : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BlackSea : Ind Sea ; -fun BeaufortNumberSeven : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun Blizzard : Class ; + fun Blizzard_Class : SubClass Blizzard WeatherProcess ; -fun BeaufortNumberSix : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- (BorderFn ?AREA1 ?AREA2) denotes the + -- border area where the GeographicAreas ?AREA1 and ?AREA2 meet. + fun BorderFn : El GeographicArea -> El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; -fun BeaufortNumberTen : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + fun BorealForest : Class ; + fun BorealForest_Class : SubClass BorealForest (both Biome Forest) ; -fun BeaufortNumberThree : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- BrownCoal is a soft Coal harder than + -- peat and softer than bituminous coal. Also called lignite, it is + -- brownish in color. + fun BrownCoal : Class ; + fun BrownCoal_Class : SubClass BrownCoal Coal ; -fun BeaufortNumberTwelve : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- A Butte is an Upland raised sharply from the + -- surrounding region. Smaller in area than a Mesa. + fun Butte : Class ; + fun Butte_Class : SubClass Butte (both LandForm UplandArea) ; -fun BeaufortNumberTwo : Ind BeaufortNumber ; + -- A CanalStructure is the constructed + -- framework, including Locks, that contains the waters of a Canal. + fun CanalStructure : Class ; + fun CanalStructure_Class : SubClass CanalStructure StationaryArtifact ; -fun BeringSea : Ind Sea ; + -- CanopiedVegetation describes the + -- density of vegetation in a RainForest or Jungle. + fun CanopiedVegetation : Ind Attribute ; --- BiodiversityAttribute is the --- class of Attributes that describe the level of biodiversity present --- in a GeographicArea or Ecosystem. -fun BiodiversityAttribute : Class ; -fun BiodiversityAttribute_Class : SubClass BiodiversityAttribute InternalAttribute ; + -- A Canyon is a narrow valley with steep sides, usually + -- created by erosion. + fun Canyon : Class ; + fun Canyon_Class : SubClass Canyon LandForm ; -fun BiodiversityConvention : Ind Agreement ; + -- A Cape is a piece of land projecting into a body of water. + fun Cape : Class ; + fun Cape_Class : SubClass Cape LandForm ; -fun BiodiversityIssue : Class ; -fun BiodiversityIssue_Class : SubClass BiodiversityIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Biome is the class of GeographicAreas --- representing major kinds of ecological communities, that is, areas in --- which certain kinds of plants, animals, weather, and terrain interact --- to produce and support a distinctive ecosystem. -fun Biome : Class ; -fun Biome_Class : SubClass Biome Ecosystem ; + -- CarbonCycle is the class of + -- GeologicalProcesses in which carbon in various forms is passed + -- between air, water, earth, and the biosphere. + fun CarbonCycle : Class ; + fun CarbonCycle_Class : SubClass CarbonCycle GeologicalProcess ; -fun BlackSea : Ind Sea ; + fun CarbonDioxideEmission : Class ; + fun CarbonDioxideEmission_Class : SubClass CarbonDioxideEmission Separating ; -fun Blizzard : Class ; -fun Blizzard_Class : SubClass Blizzard WeatherProcess ; -fun BodyOfWater_WaterArea : SubClass BodyOfWater WaterArea ; + fun CaribbeanRegion : Ind GeographicArea ; --- (BorderFn ?AREA1 ?AREA2) denotes the --- border area where the GeographicAreas ?AREA1 and ?AREA2 meet. -fun BorderFn : El GeographicArea -> El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + fun CaribbeanSea : Ind Sea ; + fun CaspianSea : Ind SaltLake ; -fun BorealForest : Class ; -fun BorealForest_Class : SubClass BorealForest (both Biome Forest) ; + -- A CaveMatrix is the framework of earth or + -- rock in which a Cave is embedded. + fun CaveMatrix : Class ; + fun CaveMatrix_Class : SubClass CaveMatrix LandForm ; --- BrownCoal is a soft Coal harder than --- peat and softer than bituminous coal. Also called lignite, it is --- brownish in color. -fun BrownCoal : Class ; -fun BrownCoal_Class : SubClass BrownCoal Coal ; + fun CentralAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; --- A Butte is an Upland raised sharply from the --- surrounding region. Smaller in area than a Mesa. -fun Butte : Class ; -fun Butte_Class : SubClass Butte (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + fun CentralAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun CentralEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; --- Canal is the subclass of navigable Waterways --- flowing through an artificial course. Typically, a canal is a --- Transitway connecting two bodies of water. -fun Canal : Class ; -fun Canal_Class : SubClass Canal (both StationaryArtifact Waterway) ; + fun CentralSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun ChinookWind : Class ; + fun ChinookWind_Class : SubClass ChinookWind WindProcess ; --- A CanalStructure is the constructed --- framework, including Locks, that contains the waters of a Canal. -fun CanalStructure : Class ; -fun CanalStructure_Class : SubClass CanalStructure StationaryArtifact ; + -- A mineral that consists of an oxide of + -- iron and chromium. + fun Chromite : Class ; + fun Chromite_Class : SubClass Chromite (both CompoundSubstance Mineral) ; + + -- Fine_grained soil consisting of mineral particles, not + -- necessarily clay minerals, that are less than 0.002 mm in their maximum dimension. + fun Clay : Class ; + fun Clay_Class : SubClass Clay Soil ; + + -- ClearWeather represents a condition + -- in which less than 30% of the sky is covered with clouds. + fun ClearWeather : Class ; + fun ClearWeather_Class : SubClass ClearWeather WeatherProcess ; + + -- A Cliff is any high, very_steep_to_perpendicular + -- or overhanging face of rock or earth, a precipice. + fun Cliff : Class ; + fun Cliff_Class : SubClass Cliff SlopedArea ; + + fun ClimateChangeConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + fun ClimateChangeIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun ClimateChange_KyotoProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + + -- &ClimateZone is a subclass of GeographicArea in which regions + -- are classified according to their long_term weather conditions. + -- The subclasses of ClimateZone are based on the Koeppen Climate + -- Classification system. In the Koeppen system, climate zones are + -- distinguished based on temperatures and rainfall. + fun ClimateZone : Class ; + fun ClimateZone_Class : SubClass ClimateZone GeographicArea ; + + -- Coal is a black or brownish black solid combustible + -- substance formed by the partial decomposition of vegetable matter without + -- free access of air and under the influence of moisture and often increased + -- pressure and temperature. Coal is a sedimentary rock containing a high + -- proportion of carbon. + fun Coal : Class ; + fun Coal_Class : SubClass Coal (both FossilFuel (both Mineral Rock)) ; + + fun CoastalDegradation : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun CoastalFlooding : Class ; + fun CoastalFlooding_Class : SubClass CoastalFlooding Flooding ; + + fun CoastalMarinePollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- CoastalPlain is the class of broad plains + -- areas adjacent to a Sea or Ocean. A coastal plain includes a narrower + -- ShoreArea adjacent to a body of water. + fun CoastalPlain : Class ; + fun CoastalPlain_Class : SubClass CoastalPlain Plain ; + + -- ColdClimateZone is the subclass + -- of ClimateZone that is characterized by a warmest month with average + -- temperature less than 10 degrees Celsius and a coldest month with + -- average temperature less than _3 degrees Celsius. This is + -- Koeppen climate system Type D. + fun ColdClimateZone : Class ; + fun ColdClimateZone_Class : SubClass ColdClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + -- ColdDampClimateZone is the + -- subclass of ColdClimateZone that is characterized by having more + -- than 30 mm of precipitation in the driest month. This is subtype + -- 'Df' in the Koeppen climate system. + fun ColdDampClimateZone : Class ; + fun ColdDampClimateZone_Class : SubClass ColdDampClimateZone ColdClimateZone ; + + -- ColdFront is the class of transitional + -- weather processes occurring between a cold air mass that is advancing + -- upon a warm air mass. + fun ColdFront : Class ; + fun ColdFront_Class : SubClass ColdFront WeatherFront ; + + -- ContinentalClimateZone is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone that is + -- characterized by cold winters and hot summers. + fun ContinentalClimateZone : Class ; + fun ContinentalClimateZone_Class : SubClass ContinentalClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; + + -- ContinentalMargin is class of + -- SubmergedLandAreas that are the extension of land underwater at + -- the edge of a continent, before a drop to the sea floor. A + -- ContinentalMargin includes the ContinentalShelf and the + -- continental break, slope, or rise at the outer edge. + fun ContinentalMargin : Class ; + fun ContinentalMargin_Class : SubClass ContinentalMargin SubmergedLandArea ; + + -- A ContinentalShelf is a natural + -- undersea extension of land around a Continent. The shelf is a + -- gently sloped (average less than one percent) plain that is an extension + -- of the CoastalPlain found off the coast of most continents. + fun ContinentalShelf : Class ; + fun ContinentalShelf_Class : SubClass ContinentalShelf SubmergedLandArea ; + + -- Corals are gastrovascular marine cnidarians (phylum + -- Cnidaria, class Anthozoa) existing as small anemone_like polyps, typically + -- forming colonies of many individuals. The group includes the important + -- reef builders known as hermatypic corals, found in tropical oceans, and + -- belonging to the subclass Zoantharia of order Scleractinia (formerly + -- Madreporaria). The hermatypic corals obtain much of their nutrient + -- requirement from symbiotic unicellular algae called zooxanthellae, and so + -- are dependent upon growing in sunlight. As a result, these corals are + -- usually found not far beneath the surface, although in clear waters corals + -- can grow at depths of 60 m (200 ft). Corals breed by spawning, with all + -- corals of the same species in a region releasing gametes simultaneously + -- over a period of one to several nights around a full moon. (from Wikipedia) + fun Coral : Class ; + fun Coral_Class : SubClass Coral Invertebrate ; + + -- CoralReef is the subclass of Reefs that are + -- formed from living organisms that produce the limestone formations of the + -- reef. Coral reefs include fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and Atolls. + fun CoralReef : Class ; + fun CoralReef_Class : SubClass CoralReef Reef ; + + fun CoralReefDecayIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- A Cove is a small part of a body of water that + -- reaches into a coast. + fun Cove : Class ; + fun Cove_Class : SubClass Cove Inlet ; + + -- Crosswind is the relative attribute of a + -- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to a lateral + -- side of the object. + fun Crosswind : Ind Attribute ; + + -- CyclonicStorm is the class of + -- LowPressureWeatherSystems that involve a low pressure area + -- surrounded by rapidly rotating winds, with the whole system + -- typically moving forward at 20_30 mph. + fun CyclonicStorm : Class ; + fun CyclonicStorm_Class : SubClass CyclonicStorm (both LowPressureWeatherSystem Windstorm) ; + + -- DDT (dichoro_diphenyl_trichloro_ethane) + -- is a highly toxic insecticide also harmful to most other animal + -- species. DDT was banned in the UnitedStates in 1972. + fun DDT : Class ; + fun DDT_Class : SubClass DDT CompoundSubstance ; + + -- (DatumFn ?place) denotes the point of MLLW (Mean Lower Low + -- Water) used as the initial data point for a coastal or WaterArea given on a nautical + -- chart. High and low tides are calculated with reference to this point. + fun DatumFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind LengthMeasure ; + + fun DeadSea : Ind SaltLake ; + + -- Defoliant is the class of substances + -- that are used to make plants lose their leaves, typically used + -- in agriculture or warfare. Defoliants may have detrimental + -- environmental side effects. + fun Defoliant : Class ; + fun Defoliant_Class : SubClass Defoliant PureSubstance ; + + fun Deforestation : Class ; + fun Deforestation_Class : SubClass Deforestation (both ForestDamage Removing) ; + + fun DeforestationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- A Delta is a LandForm composed of silt or other + -- alluvium, deposited at or near the mouth of a river or stream as it enters + -- a body of relatively static water. Typically a delta is flat and fan_shaped. + fun Delta : Class ; + fun Delta_Class : SubClass Delta LandForm ; + + -- DenseVegetation describes the + -- density of vegetation in a Forest. + fun DenseVegetation : Ind Attribute ; + + -- Desert is a subclass of LandAreas that are + -- arid regions having sparse or no vegetation. + fun Desert : Class ; + fun Desert_Class : SubClass Desert LandArea ; + + -- DesertClimateZone + -- is the class of AridClimateZones characterized by + -- sparse, desert vegetation. Koeppen system 'BW'. + fun DesertClimateZone : Class ; + fun DesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass DesertClimateZone AridClimateZone ; + + -- Desertification represents the + -- Process by which desert conditions are spread over an area. + fun Desertification : Class ; + fun Desertification_Class : SubClass Desertification WeatherProcess ; + + fun DesertificationConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + fun DesertificationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun DipSlipFault : Class ; + fun DipSlipFault_Class : SubClass DipSlipFault GeologicalFault ; + + -- (DirectionalSubregionFn ?DIRECTION ?AREA) denotes the part + -- of GeographicArea ?AREA that lies in ?DIRECTION from the + -- geographic center of ?AREA. For example, + -- (DirectionalSubregionFn Iraq North) denotes the Northern + -- part of Iraq. Such subregions are defined purely by geographical + -- points of reference, not by sociological ones. For example, + -- (DirectionalSubregionFn UnitedStatesOfAmerica South) denotes + -- the Southern half of the United States, it does not denote the + -- American South as distinguished for historical, literary, or + -- cultural purposes. + fun DirectionalSubregionFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + + fun DiseaseConditionsIssue : Class ; + fun DiseaseConditionsIssue_Class : SubClass DiseaseConditionsIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- (DocumentFn ?PROP) denotes a class + -- of Text objects that contain the information ?PROP. + fun DocumentFn: El Proposition -> Desc Text ; + + -- Downhill is a PositionalAttribute that + -- describes the relation between two things, one of which is located + -- down a slope from the other. + fun Downhill : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + fun Downstream : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + -- Downwind is a PositionalAttribute that indicates relative position + -- downwind (leeward) with respect to the direction that the Wind is + -- blowing. + fun Downwind : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + fun Dredging : Class ; + fun Dredging_Class : SubClass Dredging Removing ; --- CanopiedVegetation describes the --- density of vegetation in a RainForest or Jungle. -fun CanopiedVegetation : Ind Attribute ; + fun DriftNetFishingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun DriftnetFishing : Class ; + fun DriftnetFishing_Class : SubClass DriftnetFishing Fishing ; --- A Canyon is a narrow valley with steep sides, usually --- created by erosion. -fun Canyon : Class ; -fun Canyon_Class : SubClass Canyon LandForm ; + -- Drought is the subclass of WeatherProcess + -- that represents long periods without precipitation, which is damaging + -- to crops, livestock, and human life. + fun Drought : Class ; + fun Drought_Class : SubClass Drought WeatherProcess ; --- A Cape is a piece of land projecting into a body of water. -fun Cape : Class ; -fun Cape_Class : SubClass Cape LandForm ; + fun DroughtIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- CarbonCycle is the class of --- GeologicalProcesses in which carbon in various forms is passed --- between air, water, earth, and the biosphere. -fun CarbonCycle : Class ; -fun CarbonCycle_Class : SubClass CarbonCycle GeologicalProcess ; + -- DryWinterColdClimateZone + -- is a subclass of ColdClimateZone that is characterized by having + -- at least ten times as much precipitation in the wettest summer month + -- as in the driest winter month. This is Koeppen climate system subtype + -- 'Dw'. + fun DryWinterColdClimateZone : Class ; + fun DryWinterColdClimateZone_Class : SubClass DryWinterColdClimateZone ColdClimateZone ; + + fun DustStorm : Class ; + fun DustStorm_Class : SubClass DustStorm WeatherProcess ; + + -- An EarthTremor is an individual seismic + -- event in which the earth shakes due to release of seismic pressures. + fun EarthTremor : Class ; + fun EarthTremor_Class : SubClass EarthTremor (both GeologicalProcess Tremor) ; + + -- Earthquake is the class of events in + -- which the earth shakes while its layers readjust due to tensional + -- stresses in the surface of the earth. A single earthquake may consist + -- of one or more EarthTremors. + fun Earthquake : Class ; + fun Earthquake_Class : SubClass Earthquake GeologicalProcess ; + + -- EarthsAtmosphere is the layer of gases, a mixture of mainly oxygen and nitrogen, + -- surrounding PlanetEarth. See also Air. + fun EarthsAtmosphere : Ind Atmosphere ; + + -- EarthsMoon is the Moon of PlanetEarth. + fun EarthsMoon : Ind Moon ; + + fun EasternAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; + + fun EasternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun CarbonDioxideEmission : Class ; -fun CarbonDioxideEmission_Class : SubClass CarbonDioxideEmission Separating ; -fun CaribbeanRegion : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun EasternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- The half of the Earth that includes Europe, + -- Asia, Africa, and Australia. + fun EasternHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; -fun CaribbeanSea : Ind Sea ; + fun EasternSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun CaspianSea : Ind SaltLake ; + -- Ecosystem is a subclass of GeographicAreas considered together with + -- their organisms and environment as a functioning whole. + fun Ecosystem : Class ; + fun Ecosystem_Class : SubClass Ecosystem GeographicArea ; + + -- Effluent is a Substance + -- that generically covers any waste matter that is released into + -- the environment, including sewage and industrial pollutants. + fun Effluent : Class ; + fun Effluent_Class : SubClass Effluent Substance ; + + fun ElNino : Class ; + fun ElNino_Class : SubClass ElNino WeatherSeason ; + + -- (ElevationHighPointFn ?AREA) + -- denotes the area within the GeographicArea ?AREA that has the + -- highest elevation. + fun ElevationHighPointFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; --- A CaveMatrix is the framework of earth or --- rock in which a Cave is embedded. -fun CaveMatrix : Class ; -fun CaveMatrix_Class : SubClass CaveMatrix LandForm ; + -- (ElevationLowPointFn ?AREA) + -- denotes the area within the GeographicArea ?AREA that has the + -- lowest elevation. + fun ElevationLowPointFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; -fun Cave_Hole : SubClass Cave Hole ; -fun CentralAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun EndangeredMarineWildlifeIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; -fun CentralAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; + -- EndangeredSpecies is the + -- subclass of Organism that includes plants and animals that + -- are in danger of extinction from destruction of individuals + -- or of habitat. + fun EndangeredSpecies : Class ; + fun EndangeredSpecies_Class : SubClass EndangeredSpecies Organism ; -fun CentralEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun EndangeredSpeciesConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun CentralSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun EndangeredSpeciesIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; -fun Channel_BodyOfWater : SubClass Channel BodyOfWater ; + fun EnvironmentalIssue : Class ; + fun EnvironmentalIssue_Class : SubClass EnvironmentalIssue AreaOfConcern ; -fun ChinookWind : Class ; -fun ChinookWind_Class : SubClass ChinookWind WindProcess ; --- A mineral that consists of an oxide of --- iron and chromium. -fun Chromite : Class ; -fun Chromite_Class : SubClass Chromite (both CompoundSubstance Mineral) ; - - --- Fine_grained soil consisting of mineral particles, not --- necessarily clay minerals, that are less than 0.002 mm in their maximum dimension. -fun Clay : Class ; -fun Clay_Class : SubClass Clay Soil ; - --- ClearWeather represents a condition --- in which less than 30% of the sky is covered with clouds. -fun ClearWeather : Class ; -fun ClearWeather_Class : SubClass ClearWeather WeatherProcess ; - --- A Cliff is any high, very_steep_to_perpendicular --- or overhanging face of rock or earth, a precipice. -fun Cliff : Class ; -fun Cliff_Class : SubClass Cliff SlopedArea ; - -fun ClimateChangeConvention : Ind Agreement ; - -fun ClimateChangeIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun ClimateChange_KyotoProtocol : Ind Agreement ; - --- &ClimateZone is a subclass of GeographicArea in which regions --- are classified according to their long_term weather conditions. --- The subclasses of ClimateZone are based on the Koeppen Climate --- Classification system. In the Koeppen system, climate zones are --- distinguished based on temperatures and rainfall. -fun ClimateZone : Class ; -fun ClimateZone_Class : SubClass ClimateZone GeographicArea ; - --- Coal is a black or brownish black solid combustible --- substance formed by the partial decomposition of vegetable matter without --- free access of air and under the influence of moisture and often increased --- pressure and temperature. Coal is a sedimentary rock containing a high --- proportion of carbon. -fun Coal : Class ; -fun Coal_Class : SubClass Coal (both FossilFuel (both Mineral Rock)) ; - - -fun CoastalDegradation : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun CoastalFlooding : Class ; -fun CoastalFlooding_Class : SubClass CoastalFlooding Flooding ; -fun CoastalMarinePollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- CoastalPlain is the class of broad plains --- areas adjacent to a Sea or Ocean. A coastal plain includes a narrower --- ShoreArea adjacent to a body of water. -fun CoastalPlain : Class ; -fun CoastalPlain_Class : SubClass CoastalPlain Plain ; - --- ColdClimateZone is the subclass --- of ClimateZone that is characterized by a warmest month with average --- temperature less than 10 degrees Celsius and a coldest month with --- average temperature less than _3 degrees Celsius. This is Koeppen climate --- system Type D. -fun ColdClimateZone : Class ; -fun ColdClimateZone_Class : SubClass ColdClimateZone ClimateZone ; - --- ColdDampClimateZone is the --- subclass of ColdClimateZone that is characterized by having more --- than 30 mm of precipitation in the driest month. This is subtype --- 'Df' in the Koeppen climate system. -fun ColdDampClimateZone : Class ; -fun ColdDampClimateZone_Class : SubClass ColdDampClimateZone ColdClimateZone ; - --- ColdFront is the class of transitional --- weather processes occurring between a cold air mass that is advancing --- upon a warm air mass. -fun ColdFront : Class ; -fun ColdFront_Class : SubClass ColdFront WeatherFront ; - --- ContinentalClimateZone is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone that is --- characterized by cold winters and hot summers. -fun ContinentalClimateZone : Class ; -fun ContinentalClimateZone_Class : SubClass ContinentalClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; - --- ContinentalMargin is class of --- SubmergedLandAreas that are the extension of land underwater at --- the edge of a continent, before a drop to the sea floor. A --- ContinentalMargin includes the ContinentalShelf and the --- continental break, slope, or rise at the outer edge. -fun ContinentalMargin : Class ; -fun ContinentalMargin_Class : SubClass ContinentalMargin SubmergedLandArea ; - --- A ContinentalShelf is a natural --- undersea extension of land around a Continent. The shelf is a --- gently sloped (average less than one percent) plain that is an extension --- of the CoastalPlain found off the coast of most continents. -fun ContinentalShelf : Class ; -fun ContinentalShelf_Class : SubClass ContinentalShelf SubmergedLandArea ; - --- Corals are gastrovascular marine cnidarians (phylum --- Cnidaria, class Anthozoa) existing as small anemone_like polyps, typically --- forming colonies of many individuals. The group includes the important --- reef builders known as hermatypic corals, found in tropical oceans, and --- belonging to the subclass Zoantharia of order Scleractinia (formerly --- Madreporaria). The hermatypic corals obtain much of their nutrient --- requirement from symbiotic unicellular algae called zooxanthellae, and so --- are dependent upon growing in sunlight. As a result, these corals are --- usually found not far beneath the surface, although in clear waters corals --- can grow at depths of 60 m (200 ft). Corals breed by spawning, with all --- corals of the same species in a region releasing gametes simultaneously --- over a period of one to several nights around a full moon. (from Wikipedia) -fun Coral : Class ; -fun Coral_Class : SubClass Coral Invertebrate ; - --- CoralReef is the subclass of Reefs that are --- formed from living organisms that produce the limestone formations of the --- reef. Coral reefs include fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and Atolls. -fun CoralReef : Class ; -fun CoralReef_Class : SubClass CoralReef Reef ; - -fun CoralReefDecayIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- A Cove is a small part of a body of water that --- reaches into a coast. -fun Cove : Class ; -fun Cove_Class : SubClass Cove Inlet ; - --- Crosswind is the relative attribute of a --- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to a lateral --- side of the object. -fun Crosswind : Ind Attribute ; - - --- CyclonicStorm is the class of --- LowPressureWeatherSystems that involve a low pressure area --- surrounded by rapidly rotating winds, with the whole system --- typically moving forward at 20_30 mph. -fun CyclonicStorm : Class ; -fun CyclonicStorm_Class : SubClass CyclonicStorm (both LowPressureWeatherSystem Windstorm) ; - - --- DDT (dichoro_diphenyl_trichloro_ethane) --- is a highly toxic insecticide also harmful to most other animal --- species. DDT was banned in the UnitedStates in 1972. -fun DDT : Class ; -fun DDT_Class : SubClass DDT CompoundSubstance ; - -fun Dam_StationaryArtifact : SubClass Dam StationaryArtifact ; - --- (DatumFn ?place) denotes the point of MLLW (Mean Lower Low --- Water) used as the initial data point for a coastal or WaterArea given on a nautical --- chart. High and low tides are calculated with reference to this point. -fun DatumFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind LengthMeasure ; - - -fun DeadSea : Ind SaltLake ; - --- Defoliant is the class of substances --- that are used to make plants lose their leaves, typically used --- in agriculture or warfare. Defoliants may have detrimental --- environmental side effects. -fun Defoliant : Class ; -fun Defoliant_Class : SubClass Defoliant PureSubstance ; - -fun Deforestation : Class ; -fun Deforestation_Class : SubClass Deforestation (both ForestDamage Removing) ; - -fun DeforestationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- A Delta is a LandForm composed of silt or other --- alluvium, deposited at or near the mouth of a river or stream as it enters --- a body of relatively static water. Typically a delta is flat and fan_shaped. -fun Delta : Class ; -fun Delta_Class : SubClass Delta LandForm ; - --- DenseVegetation describes the --- density of vegetation in a Forest. -fun DenseVegetation : Ind Attribute ; - - --- Desert is a subclass of LandAreas that are --- arid regions having sparse or no vegetation. -fun Desert : Class ; -fun Desert_Class : SubClass Desert LandArea ; - --- DesertClimateZone --- is the class of AridClimateZones characterized by --- sparse, desert vegetation. Koeppen system 'BW'. -fun DesertClimateZone : Class ; -fun DesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass DesertClimateZone AridClimateZone ; - --- Desertification represents the --- Process by which desert conditions are spread over an area. -fun Desertification : Class ; -fun Desertification_Class : SubClass Desertification WeatherProcess ; + fun EnvironmentalModificationConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun DesertificationConvention : Ind Agreement ; + fun EnvironmentalWaterIssue : Class ; + fun EnvironmentalWaterIssue_Class : SubClass EnvironmentalWaterIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun DesertificationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Erosion is a wearing process on + -- LandForms by wind, running water, ice, heat, and other processes, + -- in which rock and soil material are removed from one area and + -- deposited elsewhere. + fun Erosion : Class ; + fun Erosion_Class : SubClass Erosion (both GeologicalProcess Removing) ; -fun DipSlipFault : Class ; -fun DipSlipFault_Class : SubClass DipSlipFault GeologicalFault ; --- (DirectionalSubregionFn ?DIRECTION ?AREA) denotes the part --- of GeographicArea ?AREA that lies in ?DIRECTION from the --- geographic center of ?AREA. For example, --- (DirectionalSubregionFn Iraq North) denotes the Northern --- part of Iraq. Such subregions are defined purely by geographical --- points of reference, not by sociological ones. For example, --- (DirectionalSubregionFn UnitedStatesOfAmerica South) denotes --- the Southern half of the United States, it does not denote the --- American South as distinguished for historical, literary, or --- cultural purposes. -fun DirectionalSubregionFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + -- Estuary is the subclass of BodyOfWater that + -- represents WaterAreas where a sea or ocean Tide meets a River + -- current. + fun Estuary : Class ; + fun Estuary_Class : SubClass Estuary (both BodyOfWater (both Inlet SaltWaterArea)) ; + -- ExclusiveFishingZone is the + -- subclass of MaritimeClaimArea including offshore areas over which a + -- nation claims exclusive jurisdiction only for fishing purposes (cf. + -- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone). Zone widths vary up to 200 miles + -- (NM). + fun ExclusiveFishingZone : Class ; + fun ExclusiveFishingZone_Class : SubClass ExclusiveFishingZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; -fun DiseaseConditionsIssue : Class ; -fun DiseaseConditionsIssue_Class : SubClass DiseaseConditionsIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; --- (DocumentFn ?PROP) denotes a class --- of Text objects that contain the information ?PROP. -fun DocumentFn: El Proposition -> Desc Text ; + -- (ExclusiveFishingZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the + -- ExclusiveFishingZone that is claimed by the + -- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. + fun ExclusiveFishingZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind ExclusiveFishingZone ; + -- ExtendedFishingZone is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea + -- that includes offshore areas over which a nation claims fishing rights, + -- beyond that nation's ExclusiveFishingZone. Zone widths vary, + -- from as little as 12 miles (NM) up to a width of 200 miles (NM). + fun ExtendedFishingZone : Class ; + fun ExtendedFishingZone_Class : SubClass ExtendedFishingZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; --- Downhill is a PositionalAttribute that --- describes the relation between two things, one of which is located --- down a slope from the other. -fun Downhill : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + -- (ExtendedFishingZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the + -- ExtendedFishingZoneFn that is claimed by the + -- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY, beyond its ExclusiveFishingZone. + fun ExtendedFishingZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind ExtendedFishingZone ; + fun Famine : Class ; + fun Famine_Class : SubClass Famine SocialInteraction ; -fun Downstream : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + fun FamineIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Downwind is a PositionalAttribute that indicates relative position --- downwind (leeward) with respect to the direction that the Wind is --- blowing. -fun Downwind : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + fun FarmingPracticesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Fathom is a UnitOfMeasure used for measuring + -- water depth. One fathom is equal to six feet. + fun Fathom : Ind UnitOfLength ; -fun Dredging : Class ; -fun Dredging_Class : SubClass Dredging Removing ; -fun DriftNetFishingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- FertileTerrain describes an area + -- that has the type of soil and climate conditions needed to produce + -- good quality crops. + fun FertileTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; -fun DriftnetFishing : Class ; -fun DriftnetFishing_Class : SubClass DriftnetFishing Fishing ; --- Drought is the subclass of WeatherProcess --- that represents long periods without precipitation, which is damaging --- to crops, livestock, and human life. -fun Drought : Class ; -fun Drought_Class : SubClass Drought WeatherProcess ; + -- Fire is the subclass of Combustion events in + -- which flames are present. Fires are slower combustion processes than + -- explosions, though some fires may include explosive episodes. + fun Fire : Class ; + fun Fire_Class : SubClass Fire Combustion ; -fun DroughtIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun FishStockDepletionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- DryWinterColdClimateZone --- is a subclass of ColdClimateZone that is characterized by having --- at least ten times as much precipitation in the wettest summer month --- as in the driest winter month. This is Koeppen climate system subtype --- 'Dw'. -fun DryWinterColdClimateZone : Class ; -fun DryWinterColdClimateZone_Class : SubClass DryWinterColdClimateZone ColdClimateZone ; + -- Fishing is the class of Processes in which + -- Fish are hunted. + fun Fishing : Class ; + fun Fishing_Class : SubClass Fishing Hunting ; -fun DustStorm : Class ; -fun DustStorm_Class : SubClass DustStorm WeatherProcess ; --- An EarthTremor is an individual seismic --- event in which the earth shakes due to release of seismic pressures. -fun EarthTremor : Class ; -fun EarthTremor_Class : SubClass EarthTremor (both GeologicalProcess Tremor) ; + fun FlashFlooding : Class ; + fun FlashFlooding_Class : SubClass FlashFlooding Flooding ; + -- FlatTerrain is a TerrainAttribute + -- describing regions within which there is very little variation in + -- altitude. + fun FlatTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; --- Earthquake is the class of events in --- which the earth shakes while its layers readjust due to tensional --- stresses in the surface of the earth. A single earthquake may consist --- of one or more EarthTremors. -fun Earthquake : Class ; -fun Earthquake_Class : SubClass Earthquake GeologicalProcess ; + fun Flooding_WeatherProcess : SubClass Flooding WeatherProcess ; --- EarthsAtmosphere is the layer of gases, --- a mixture of mainly oxygen and nitrogen, surrounding PlanetEarth. See --- also Air. -fun EarthsAtmosphere : Ind Atmosphere ; + -- (FlowFn ?FLUID) denotes the Motion process + -- associated with the constitutive pieces of the FlowRegion ?FLUID. + fun FlowFn : El FlowRegion -> Ind Motion ; + -- (FlowRegionFn ?FLOW) denotes the region + -- in which the coherent LiquidMotion process ?FLOW is occurring. + fun FlowRegionFn : El LiquidMotion -> Ind Region ; --- EarthsMoon is the Moon of PlanetEarth. -fun EarthsMoon : Ind Moon ; + fun FlowRegion_Region : SubClass FlowRegion Region ; + fun Fogging : Class ; + fun Fogging_Class : SubClass Fogging WeatherProcess ; -fun EasternAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; + -- Forest is the class of large LandAreas that + -- are covered by trees and associated undergrowth, either growing wild or + -- managed for the purpose of timber production. + fun Forest : Class ; + fun Forest_Class : SubClass Forest LandArea ; -fun EasternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun ForestDamage : Class ; + fun ForestDamage_Class : SubClass ForestDamage Damaging ; -fun EasternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun ForestDegradation : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- The half of the Earth that includes Europe, --- Asia, Africa, and Australia. -fun EasternHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; + fun ForestFire : Class ; + fun ForestFire_Class : SubClass ForestFire (both Combustion ForestDamage) ; + fun FragileEcosystemIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; -fun EasternSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun FreezingRain : Class ; + fun FreezingRain_Class : SubClass FreezingRain Precipitation ; --- Ecosystem is a subclass of GeographicAreas --- considered together with their organisms and environment as a functioning --- whole. -fun Ecosystem : Class ; -fun Ecosystem_Class : SubClass Ecosystem GeographicArea ; + -- Freshwater is the subclass of Water + -- that has low soluble mineral content. See also PotableWater. + fun Freshwater : Class ; + fun Freshwater_Class : SubClass Freshwater Water ; --- Effluent is a Substance --- that generically covers any waste matter that is released into --- the environment, including sewage and industrial pollutants. -fun Effluent : Class ; -fun Effluent_Class : SubClass Effluent Substance ; + fun FreshwaterOverutilization : Class ; + fun FreshwaterOverutilization_Class : SubClass FreshwaterOverutilization SocialInteraction ; -fun ElNino : Class ; -fun ElNino_Class : SubClass ElNino WeatherSeason ; --- (ElevationHighPointFn ?AREA) --- denotes the area within the GeographicArea ?AREA that has the --- highest elevation. -fun ElevationHighPointFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + -- (GeographicCenterFn ?REGION) denotes the geographical center + -- of the GeographicArea ?REGION. + fun GeographicCenterFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + fun GeographicRegion : Class ; --- (ElevationLowPointFn ?AREA) --- denotes the area within the GeographicArea ?AREA that has the --- lowest elevation. -fun ElevationLowPointFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + -- GeologicalFault is the subclass of + -- GeographicAreas in which there is a fracture in the Earth's crust + -- and differential movement can occur on the two sides of the fault. + -- Such movement results in EarthTremors and is the cause of + -- Earthquakes. + fun GeologicalFault : Class ; + fun GeologicalFault_Class : SubClass GeologicalFault GeographicArea ; + -- GeologicallyStable is a + -- TerrainAttribute of a GeographicArea in which the geological + -- substructure is stable, i.e., there are no active Volcanoes, + -- no major fault lines, no blasting or other destabilizing activity. + fun GeologicallyStable : Ind TerrainAttribute ; -fun EndangeredMarineWildlifeIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; + fun Ghibli : Class ; + fun Ghibli_Class : SubClass Ghibli WindProcess ; --- EndangeredSpecies is the --- subclass of Organism that includes plants and animals that --- are in danger of extinction from destruction of individuals --- or of habitat. -fun EndangeredSpecies : Class ; -fun EndangeredSpecies_Class : SubClass EndangeredSpecies Organism ; + -- A Glacier is a large body of slow_moving ice. + -- Glaciers displace soil and rock while moving over land surfaces and break + -- apart, forming Icebergs, when they reach the sea. + fun Glacier : Class ; + fun Glacier_Class : SubClass Glacier LandForm ; -fun EndangeredSpeciesConvention : Ind Agreement ; + fun GrassFire : Class ; + fun GrassFire_Class : SubClass GrassFire Combustion ; -fun EndangeredSpeciesIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; + -- Grassland is the class of LandAreas + -- where the predominant vegetation is some kind of grass. + fun Grassland : Class ; + fun Grassland_Class : SubClass Grassland (both Biome LandArea) ; -fun EnvironmentalIssue : Class ; -fun EnvironmentalIssue_Class : SubClass EnvironmentalIssue AreaOfConcern ; -fun EnvironmentalModificationConvention : Ind Agreement ; + -- Gravel is small rounded stones, often mixed with sand. + fun Gravel : Class ; + fun Gravel_Class : SubClass Gravel Rock ; -fun EnvironmentalWaterIssue : Class ; -fun EnvironmentalWaterIssue_Class : SubClass EnvironmentalWaterIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Erosion is a wearing process on --- LandForms by wind, running water, ice, heat, and other processes, --- in which rock and soil material are removed from one area and --- deposited elsewhere. -fun Erosion : Class ; -fun Erosion_Class : SubClass Erosion (both GeologicalProcess Removing) ; + fun GreatSaltLake : Ind SaltLake ; + -- GreenhouseGas is the subclass of + -- substances that, when present in the atmosphere, trap infrared + -- radiation and cause global warming. Greenhouse gases include + -- carbon dioxide, hydrofluorocarbons, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, + -- and water vapor. + fun GreenhouseGas : Class ; + fun GreenhouseGas_Class : SubClass GreenhouseGas PureSubstance ; --- Estuary is the subclass of BodyOfWater that --- represents WaterAreas where a sea or ocean Tide meets a River --- current. -fun Estuary : Class ; -fun Estuary_Class : SubClass Estuary (both BodyOfWater (both Inlet SaltWaterArea)) ; + fun GreenwichEnglandUK : Ind City ; + -- GroundCoverVegetation + -- describes the density of uniform low vegetation in a field or meadow. + fun GroundCoverVegetation : Ind Attribute ; --- ExclusiveFishingZone is the --- subclass of MaritimeClaimArea including offshore areas over which a --- nation claims exclusive jurisdiction only for fishing purposes (cf. --- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone). Zone widths vary up to 200 miles --- (NM). -fun ExclusiveFishingZone : Class ; -fun ExclusiveFishingZone_Class : SubClass ExclusiveFishingZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; + -- Groundwater is the subclass of + -- Water that is found in deposits in the earth. + fun Groundwater : Class ; + fun Groundwater_Class : SubClass Groundwater Water ; + fun GroundwaterPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; --- (ExclusiveFishingZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the --- ExclusiveFishingZone that is claimed by the --- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. -fun ExclusiveFishingZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind ExclusiveFishingZone ; + -- Gulf is the class of extensions of a Sea or + -- Ocean that reach into a land mass or are partially enclosed by a + -- LandArea. A Gulf is typically larger than a Bay. + fun Gulf : Class ; + fun Gulf_Class : SubClass Gulf (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; + fun GulfOfAden : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; --- ExtendedFishingZone is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea --- that includes offshore areas over which a nation claims fishing rights, --- beyond that nation's ExclusiveFishingZone. Zone widths vary, --- from as little as 12 miles (NM) up to a width of 200 miles (NM). -fun ExtendedFishingZone : Class ; -fun ExtendedFishingZone_Class : SubClass ExtendedFishingZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; + fun GulfOfMexico : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; + fun GulfOfOman : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; --- (ExtendedFishingZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the --- ExtendedFishingZoneFn that is claimed by the --- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY, beyond its ExclusiveFishingZone. -fun ExtendedFishingZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind ExtendedFishingZone ; + -- Hailing is a precipitation process + -- in which Water falls in a Solid state with round, hard pellets. + fun Hailing : Class ; + fun Hailing_Class : SubClass Hailing Precipitation ; + fun HarmattanWind : Class ; + fun HarmattanWind_Class : SubClass HarmattanWind WindProcess ; -fun Famine : Class ; -fun Famine_Class : SubClass Famine SocialInteraction ; -fun FamineIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun HazardousWastesConvention : Ind Agreement ; -fun FarmingPracticesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Headwind is the relative attribute of a + -- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to the front + -- of the object (FrontFn). A headwind can negatively affect the speed + -- capability of a vehicle. + fun Headwind : Ind Attribute ; + + fun HeavyRaining : Class ; + fun HeavyRaining_Class : SubClass HeavyRaining Raining ; + + fun HeavySurf : Class ; + fun HeavySurf_Class : SubClass HeavySurf (both WaterMotion WeatherProcess) ; + + -- Hemisphere is the class of GeographicAreas + -- that are halves of the Earth, as traditionally divided into the Northern + -- and Southern Hemispheres along the equator and into the Eastern and Western + -- Hemispheres along a north_south line running 20°W and 160°E. + fun Hemisphere : Class ; + fun Hemisphere_Class : SubClass Hemisphere GeographicArea ; + + fun HighBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; + + -- HighPressureWeatherSystem is + -- the class of weather systems characterized by high barometricPressures. + -- High pressure systems typically cause clear weather. + fun HighPressureWeatherSystem : Class ; + fun HighPressureWeatherSystem_Class : SubClass HighPressureWeatherSystem WeatherSystem ; + + -- HighTide is the class of TidalProcesses that + -- occur twice a day in marine waters, in which the water level rises above + -- the mean sea level. + fun HighTide : Class ; + fun HighTide_Class : SubClass HighTide TidalProcess ; + + -- HigherHighTide is the subclass of + -- HighTide processes that occur in marine waters with a + -- MixedTideProcess. + fun HigherHighTide : Class ; + fun HigherHighTide_Class : SubClass HigherHighTide HighTide ; + + -- A Hill is a raised part of the earth's surface with + -- sloping sides _ an old mountain which because of erosion has become shorter + -- and more rounded. + fun Hill : Class ; + fun Hill_Class : SubClass Hill (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + + -- Humus is decaying organic matter found in Soil + -- and derived from dead animal and plant material. + fun Humus : Class ; + fun Humus_Class : SubClass Humus Mixture ; + + fun Hurricane : Class ; + fun Hurricane_Class : SubClass Hurricane (both TropicalCyclone WeatherProcess) ; + + fun HurricaneSeason : Class ; + fun HurricaneSeason_Class : SubClass HurricaneSeason WeatherSeason ; + + -- HydropowerWaterArea is the class of WaterAreas with waterflow strength adequate + -- for the production of hydropower. + fun HydropowerWaterArea : Class ; + fun HydropowerWaterArea_Class : SubClass HydropowerWaterArea WaterArea ; + + -- An Iceberg is a large chunk of ice that has + -- broken off from a glacier and fallen into the sea. The larger part of + -- an Iceberg floats underwater. + fun Iceberg : Class ; + fun Iceberg_Class : SubClass Iceberg (both SelfConnectedObject Water) ; + + fun Icing : Class ; + fun Icing_Class : SubClass Icing (both Freezing WeatherProcess) ; + + fun IllegalWildlifeTradeIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun InadequatePotableWaterIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; + + fun InadequateSanitationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- IndianOcean represents the Indian Ocean. + fun IndianOcean : Ind Ocean ; + + fun IndigenousPeoplesPreservationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- IndustrialPollution is + -- the subclass of Pollution characterized by pollutants that + -- originate in industrial processes. + fun IndustrialPollution : Class ; + fun IndustrialPollution_Class : SubClass IndustrialPollution Pollution ; + + fun IndustrialPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + -- An instance of InlandWaterSystem + -- comprises two or more lakes or rivers, canals, or other waterways that + -- are interconnected. + fun InlandWaterSystem : Class ; + fun InlandWaterSystem_Class : SubClass InlandWaterSystem (both Collection WaterArea) ; + + -- Inlet is the class of bays or other recesses + -- into the shore of a lake, sea, or river, includes InletPassages, which + -- are passages leading from open water through some barrier to a bay or + -- lagoon. + fun Inlet : Class ; + fun Inlet_Class : SubClass Inlet BodyOfWater ; + + -- InletPassage is the class of water + -- passages connecting an area of open water to a bay or lagoon, through + -- some land barrier(s) close on either side. + fun InletPassage : Class ; + fun InletPassage_Class : SubClass InletPassage Inlet ; + + -- (InnerBoundaryFn ?REGION) denotes the + -- inner boundary of the Region ?REGION, where ?REGION has an inner and + -- outer orientation with respect to another object. + fun InnerBoundaryFn : El Region -> Ind Region ; + + -- InternationalAgreement is the + -- subclass of Agreements which are made by and between Nations. + fun InternationalAgreement : Class ; + fun InternationalAgreement_Class : SubClass InternationalAgreement Agreement ; + + -- InternationalBorder is the + -- subclass of GeographicAreas where the areas of two Nations meet. + fun InternationalBorder : Class ; + fun InternationalBorder_Class : SubClass InternationalBorder GeographicArea ; + + fun InvasiveSpeciesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- IrrigatedLand is the subclass of + -- LandArea representing land whose water supply is artificially + -- supplied or supplemented. + fun IrrigatedLand : Class ; + fun IrrigatedLand_Class : SubClass IrrigatedLand LandArea ; + + -- Irrigating is the process of transporting + -- and applying water to crops by artificial means. + fun Irrigating : Class ; + fun Irrigating_Class : SubClass Irrigating Motion ; + + -- IrrigationChannel is the class of + -- artificially created channels used for transporting water to agricultural + -- fields for Irrigating crops. + fun IrrigationChannel : Class ; + fun IrrigationChannel_Class : SubClass IrrigationChannel Artifact ; + + -- An Isthmus is a narrow strip of land that + -- connects two larger land masses and is bordered on two sides by water. + fun Isthmus : Class ; + fun Isthmus_Class : SubClass Isthmus LandArea ; + + -- JetStream is the class of high_velocity + -- AirStreams that blow constantly in the upper atmosphere with constant + -- speed and direction, though their location shifts somewhat. There are + -- four JetStreams in EarthsAtmosphere. + fun JetStream : Class ; + fun JetStream_Class : SubClass JetStream AirStream ; + + -- Jungle is a subclass of fertile LandAreas + -- that are overgrown with tropical vegetation. + fun Jungle : Class ; + fun Jungle_Class : SubClass Jungle (both Biome LandArea) ; + + fun Khamsin : Class ; + fun Khamsin_Class : SubClass Khamsin Windstorm ; + + -- KnotUnitOfSpeed is a unit for measuring + -- speed. One KnotUnitOfSpeed is equal to one NauticalMile per one + -- HourDuration. + fun KnotUnitOfSpeed : Ind CompositeUnitOfMeasure ; + + fun KokoNor : Ind SaltLake ; + + -- Lake is the subclass of BodyOfWater whose instances are naturally + -- occurring static bodies of water surrounded by land. + fun Lake : Class ; + fun Lake_Class : SubClass Lake StaticWaterArea ; + + fun LakeBakhtegan : Ind SaltLake ; + + fun LakeEyre : Ind SaltLake ; + + fun LakeMareotis : Ind SaltLake ; + + -- A LakeRegion is a GeographicArea + -- including land surrounding one or more Lakes. + fun LakeRegion : Class ; + fun LakeRegion_Class : SubClass LakeRegion GeographicArea ; + + fun LakeTorrens : Ind SaltLake ; + + fun LakeWalker : Ind SaltLake ; + + fun LandClearingIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; + + -- A LandForm is the class of geographically and/or geologically + -- distinct areas that occur on Earth's surface, including mountains, hills, plains, valleys, + -- deltas, and features of submerged land areas such as the ocean floor. + fun LandForm : Class ; + fun LandForm_Class : SubClass LandForm GeographicArea ; + + fun LandSubsidence : Class ; + fun LandSubsidence_Class : SubClass LandSubsidence GeologicalProcess ; + + -- LandlockedArea is the class of + -- LandAreas that lack access to an Ocean or to a Waterway + -- providing a link to the ocean. + fun LandlockedArea : Class ; + fun LandlockedArea_Class : SubClass LandlockedArea LandArea ; + + -- LandlockedWater includes water + -- areas that are surrounded by land, including salt lakes, fresh + -- water lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and (more or less) wetlands. + fun LandlockedWater : Class ; + fun LandlockedWater_Class : SubClass LandlockedWater BodyOfWater ; + + fun LandminesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun Landslide : Class ; + fun Landslide_Class : SubClass Landslide GeologicalProcess ; + + -- LandslideProcess is a subclass + -- of Motion that represents events in which a loosened mass of mud, + -- dirt, or rock slides down a slope, by the force of gravity. + fun LandslideProcess : Class ; + fun LandslideProcess_Class : SubClass LandslideProcess Impelling ; + + -- Latitude is the class of Regions, + -- associated with areas on the Earth's surface, which are parallels + -- measured in PlaneAngleDegrees from the Equator. + fun Latitude : Class ; + fun Latitude_Class : SubClass Latitude Region ; + + -- LatitudeFn is a VariableArityRelation + -- used to denote a parallel of latitude. Examples: + -- (LatitudeFn North (MeasureFn 38 AngularDegree)), (LatitudeFn + -- South (MeasureFn 23 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 30 ArcMinute)), + -- (LatitudeFn South (MeasureFn 60 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 0 ArcMinute) + -- (MeasureFn 0 ArcSecond)), (LatitudeFn North + -- (MeasureFn 42 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 7.89 ArcMinute)). + fun LatitudeFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> Ind Region ; + + fun LawOfTheSeaConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + -- Lichen is the class of complex thallyphytic + -- plants made up of Alga and Fungus growing symbiotically. + fun Lichen : Class ; + fun Lichen_Class : SubClass Lichen NonFloweringPlant ; + + fun LimitedFreshWaterIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; + + -- LittoralCurrent is the subclass of + -- WaterCurrents that occur near a ShoreArea. Examples include + -- TidalEbb, TidalFlow, and RipCurrents. + fun LittoralCurrent : Class ; + fun LittoralCurrent_Class : SubClass LittoralCurrent WaterCurrent ; + + -- A LittoralZone is an area along the shore + -- of a large body of water, especially an Ocean or Sea, including the area + -- extending from the high tide mark out to a depth of 200 meters. The littoral + -- zone is of interest for its land features, e.g., slope gradient and soil + -- composition, including features of its SubmergedLandArea. + fun LittoralZone : Class ; + fun LittoralZone_Class : SubClass LittoralZone GeographicArea ; + + -- Type of soil intermediate in texture between clay and sand, + -- consisting of a mixture of clay, sand, gravel, silt, and organic matter. + fun Loam : Class ; + fun Loam_Class : SubClass Loam Soil ; + + fun Locust : Class ; + fun Locust_Class : SubClass Locust Animal ; + + -- Longitude is the class of Regions, + -- associated with areas on the Earth's surface, which are meridians + -- measured in PlaneAngleDegrees from the PrimeMeridian through + -- GreenwichEnglandUK. + fun Longitude : Class ; + fun Longitude_Class : SubClass Longitude Region ; + + -- (LongitudeFn ?DIRECTION @ROW) + -- denotes a meridian of longitude. Note that LongitudeFn is + -- a VariableArityRelation. Examples: + -- (LongitudeFn East (MeasureFn 180 AngularDegree)), (LongitudeFn + -- West (MeasureFn 122 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 24 ArcMinute)), + -- (LongitudeFn East (MeasureFn 121 AngularDegree) + -- (MeasureFn 0 ArcMinute) (MeasureFn 15 ArcSecond)), + -- (LongitudeFn West (MeasureFn 80 AngularDegree) + -- (MeasureFn 6.78 ArcMinute)). + fun LongitudeFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> Ind GeographicArea ; + + fun LossOfHabitatIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun LowBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; + + -- LowPressureWeatherSystem is + -- the class of weather systems characterized by low or unstable + -- barometricPressures. Low pressure systems typically introduce + -- unsettled weather, frequently including storms. + fun LowPressureWeatherSystem : Class ; + fun LowPressureWeatherSystem_Class : SubClass LowPressureWeatherSystem WeatherSystem ; + + -- LowTerrain is terrain in which the slope + -- is less than 3%. + fun LowTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + + -- LowTide is the class of TidalProcesses that + -- occur twice a day in marine waters, in which the water level falls below + -- the mean sea level. + fun LowTide : Class ; + fun LowTide_Class : SubClass LowTide TidalProcess ; + + -- LowerLowTide is the subclass of LowTide + -- processes that occur in marine waters with a MixedTideProcess. + fun LowerLowTide : Class ; + fun LowerLowTide_Class : SubClass LowerLowTide LowTide ; + + -- A LowlandArea is a land area lower than the surrounding region, + -- and usually level land. + fun LowlandArea : Class ; + fun LowlandArea_Class : SubClass LowlandArea LandForm ; + + fun MarineDumpingConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + fun MarineLifeConservationConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + -- A MaritimeClaimArea is a GeographicArea + -- delimited by a geopolitical state's claim, under the LawOfTheSea, of rights + -- to certain resources, activities, or jurisdiction in the claimed area. + -- MaritimeClaimAreas can pertain to WaterAreas, SubmergedLandAreas, and Airspace. + fun MaritimeClaimArea : Class ; + fun MaritimeClaimArea_Class : SubClass MaritimeClaimArea GeographicArea ; + + -- (MaritimeClaimsTerritorialSeaFn ?REGION) denotes a + -- peripheral zones of maritime control extending outward from the Region + -- ?REGION. + fun MaritimeClaimsTerritorialSeaFn : El Region -> Ind PerimeterArea ; + + -- MaritimeContiguousZone + -- is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea that includes areas over + -- which a geopolitical state may exercise some control of activities + -- beyond the 12_mile zone of its TerritorialSea. In general, + -- the authorized control is for preventing or punishing activities + -- that would violate laws applying within the 12_mile zone (that is, + -- authorization to chase and intercept). According to the LawOfTheSea, + -- a MaritimeContiguousZone may extend up to 24 nautical miles from the coast. + fun MaritimeContiguousZone : Class ; + fun MaritimeContiguousZone_Class : SubClass MaritimeContiguousZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; + + -- (MaritimeContiguousZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the MaritimeContiguousZone + -- that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. + fun MaritimeContiguousZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeContiguousZone ; + + -- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea + -- that represents the offshore area that coastal nations can claim for + -- fishing and other uses of the ocean water and seabed found there. + fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone : Class ; + fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone_Class : SubClass MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; + + -- (MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the + -- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone that is claimed by the + -- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. + fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone ; + + fun MaritimeHazard : Class ; + fun MaritimeHazard_Class : SubClass MaritimeHazard LandForm ; + + -- MaritimeShelfArea + -- is a subclass of MaritimeClaimArea that covers SubmergedLandAreas + -- claimed by an adjacent geopolitical area. The LawOfTheSea defines + -- the continental shelf as extending up to 200 miles (NM) offshore and + -- including the resources found therein. The defined claim area does not + -- correspond exactly to a geological ContinentalShelf, but if there is one, + -- the two areas will overlap spatially. + fun MaritimeShelfArea : Class ; + fun MaritimeShelfArea_Class : SubClass MaritimeShelfArea (both MaritimeClaimArea SubmergedLandArea) ; + + -- (MaritimeShelfAreaFn ?POLITY) denotes the MaritimeShelfArea + -- that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. + fun MaritimeShelfAreaFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeShelfArea ; + + -- MediterraneanClimateZone + -- is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone that is characterized by + -- mild, cool, wet winters and warm dry summers. Mediterranean shores + -- are the archetype, but the Mediterranean climate is also found elsewhere. + fun MediterraneanClimateZone : Class ; + fun MediterraneanClimateZone_Class : SubClass MediterraneanClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; + + fun MediterraneanSea : Ind Sea ; + + fun MediumBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; + + -- A Mesa is a land formation having a relatively flat + -- top and steep rock walls. + fun Mesa : Class ; + fun Mesa_Class : SubClass Mesa (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + + -- MetallurgicalPlant is the + -- subclass of Organization that includes metal refining and + -- manufacturing plants. Such plants typically release extremely + -- toxic waste which can pollute air and groundwater if not + -- properly treated. + fun MetallurgicalPlant : Class ; + fun MetallurgicalPlant_Class : SubClass MetallurgicalPlant Organization ; + + fun MiddleAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- MiddleEastRegion is a + -- GeopoliticalArea that comprises countries of Southwestern Asia + -- and (in some definitions) Northwestern Africa. Here this term is + -- defined as in the CIA World Fact Book, in which the Middle East + -- includes: Bahrain, Cyprus, the Gaza Strip, Iran, Iraq, Israel, + -- Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, the United + -- Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen. + fun MiddleEastRegion : Ind (both GeographicArea GeopoliticalArea) ; + + -- MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone is the subclass of + -- DesertClimateZone characterized by a cool dry climate + -- typical of middle latitude deserts. This is subtype 'BWk' + -- in the Keoppen climate system. + fun MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone : Class ; + fun MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone DesertClimateZone ; + + -- MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone is a subclass of + -- TemperateClimateZone that is characterized by cool winters + -- and hot summers. + fun MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone : Class ; + fun MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone_Class : SubClass MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + fun MiningPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun Mistral : Class ; + fun Mistral_Class : SubClass Mistral WindProcess ; + + -- MixedTideProcess is the subclass of + -- TidalProcesses consisting of daily cycles in which the two low and + -- two high tides are of unequal height. In areas with this kind of + -- pattern, the chart (based on average low water) is determined by the + -- Mean Lower Low Water. + fun MixedTideProcess : Class ; + fun MixedTideProcess_Class : SubClass MixedTideProcess TidalProcess ; + + fun Monsoon : Class ; + fun Monsoon_Class : SubClass Monsoon WeatherSeason ; + + -- MonsoonClimateZone is the class + -- of TropicalClimateZones in which there is a short dry season between + -- rains heavy enough to keep the ground wet all through the year. This + -- is Koeppen climate system subtype 'Aw'. + fun MonsoonClimateZone : Class ; + fun MonsoonClimateZone_Class : SubClass MonsoonClimateZone TropicalClimateZone ; + + -- Moon is the class of NaturalSatellites that + -- orbit planets or large asteroids. + fun Moon : Class ; + fun Moon_Class : SubClass Moon NaturalSatellite ; + + -- A Mountain is a high, rocky LandForm, usually + -- with steep sides and a pointed or rounded top, and higher than a Hill. + fun Mountain : Class ; + fun Mountain_Class : SubClass Mountain (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + + -- A MountainRange is a row or chain of connected mountains. + fun MountainRange : Class ; + fun MountainRange_Class : SubClass MountainRange (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + + -- An area of MountainousTerrain + -- is an area of rugged terrain in which there are many mountains. + fun MountainousTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + + fun Mudflow : Class ; + fun Mudflow_Class : SubClass Mudflow Landslide ; + + fun Mudslide : Class ; + fun Mudslide_Class : SubClass Mudslide Landslide ; + + -- NaturalGas is a combustible mixture + -- of methane and higher hydrocarbons. + fun NaturalGas : Class ; + fun NaturalGas_Class : SubClass NaturalGas CompoundSubstance ; + + -- NaturalSatellite is the class of + -- large, naturally occurring astronomical bodies orbiting some other + -- AstronomicalBody. + fun NaturalSatellite : Class ; + fun NaturalSatellite_Class : SubClass NaturalSatellite (both AstronomicalBody Satellite) ; --- Fathom is a UnitOfMeasure used for measuring --- water depth. One fathom is equal to six feet. -fun Fathom : Ind UnitOfLength ; + -- NauticalMile represents the international + -- unit used for measuring distance in sea and air navigation. The unit is + -- based on the length of a minute of arc of a great circle of + -- PlanetEarth. + fun NauticalMile : Ind UnitOfLength ; + fun NormalFault : Class ; + fun NormalFault_Class : SubClass NormalFault DipSlipFault ; --- FertileTerrain describes an area --- that has the type of soil and climate conditions needed to produce --- good quality crops. -fun FertileTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + fun NorthAmerica : Ind (both GeographicArea Continent) ; + -- NorthAtlanticOcean denotes the northern geographicSubregion + -- of the AtlanticOcean. + fun NorthAtlanticOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; --- Fire is the subclass of Combustion events in --- which flames are present. Fires are slower combustion processes than --- explosions, though some fires may include explosive episodes. -fun Fire : Class ; -fun Fire_Class : SubClass Fire Combustion ; + -- NorthPacificOcean denotes the northern geographicSubregion + -- of the PacificOcean. + fun NorthPacificOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; -fun FishStockDepletionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun NorthSea : Ind Sea ; --- Fishing is the class of Processes in which --- Fish are hunted. -fun Fishing : Class ; -fun Fishing_Class : SubClass Fishing Hunting ; + -- Northeast represents the compass direction of Northeast. + fun Northeast : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; -fun FlashFlooding : Class ; -fun FlashFlooding_Class : SubClass FlashFlooding Flooding ; --- FlatTerrain is a TerrainAttribute --- describing regions within which there is very little variation in --- altitude. -fun FlatTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + fun NorthernAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; + fun NorthernAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun Flooding_WeatherProcess : SubClass Flooding WeatherProcess ; + fun NorthernEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; --- (FlowFn ?FLUID) denotes the Motion process --- associated with the constitutive pieces of the FlowRegion ?FLUID. -fun FlowFn : El FlowRegion -> Ind Motion ; + -- The half of the Earth that lies above the equator. + fun NorthernHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; + fun NorthernNorthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; --- (FlowRegionFn ?FLOW) denotes the region --- in which the coherent LiquidMotion process ?FLOW is occurring. -fun FlowRegionFn : El LiquidMotion -> Ind Region ; + fun NorthernSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + -- Northwest represents the compass direction of Northwest. + fun Northwest : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; -fun FlowRegion_Region : SubClass FlowRegion Region ; + -- NoxiousSubstance is + -- the class of Substances that are harmful to Humans. + fun NoxiousSubstance : Class ; + fun NoxiousSubstance_Class : SubClass NoxiousSubstance Substance ; -fun Fogging : Class ; -fun Fogging_Class : SubClass Fogging WeatherProcess ; --- Forest is the class of large LandAreas that --- are covered by trees and associated undergrowth, either growing wild or --- managed for the purpose of timber production. -fun Forest : Class ; -fun Forest_Class : SubClass Forest LandArea ; + fun NuclearEnvironmentalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; -fun ForestDamage : Class ; -fun ForestDamage_Class : SubClass ForestDamage Damaging ; -fun ForestDegradation : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun NuclearPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun ForestFire : Class ; -fun ForestFire_Class : SubClass ForestFire (both Combustion ForestDamage) ; + fun NuclearTestBanTreaty : Ind Agreement ; -fun FragileEcosystemIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; + -- Oasis is a subclass of LandAreas that are + -- fertile places within a desert, which have water and some vegetation. + fun Oasis : Class ; + fun Oasis_Class : SubClass Oasis (both Biome LandArea) ; -fun FreezingRain : Class ; -fun FreezingRain_Class : SubClass FreezingRain Precipitation ; --- Freshwater is the subclass of Water --- that has low soluble mineral content. See also PotableWater. -fun Freshwater : Class ; -fun Freshwater_Class : SubClass Freshwater Water ; + -- OccludedFront is the class of complex + -- weather transition processes in which a cold air mass overtakes a warm + -- air mass. + fun OccludedFront : Class ; + fun OccludedFront_Class : SubClass OccludedFront WeatherFront ; -fun FreshwaterOverutilization : Class ; -fun FreshwaterOverutilization_Class : SubClass FreshwaterOverutilization SocialInteraction ; --- (GeographicCenterFn ?REGION) denotes the geographical center --- of the GeographicArea ?REGION. -fun GeographicCenterFn : El GeographicArea -> Ind GeographicArea ; + -- Ocean is the class containing the oceans + -- that are the major subdivisions of the WorldOcean. According to + -- the International Hydrographic Association, there are five oceans: + -- the AtlanticOcean, PacificOcean, IndianOcean, SouthernOcean, + -- and ArcticOcean. Note: The largest oceans, the Atlantic and Pacific, + -- are subdivided into Northern and Southern regions, but those regions + -- are not separate Oceans. + fun Ocean : Class ; + fun Ocean_Class : SubClass Ocean (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; + fun Oceania : Ind (both GeographicArea Continent) ; -fun GeographicRegion : Class ; + fun OilPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; --- GeologicalFault is the subclass of --- GeographicAreas in which there is a fracture in the Earth's crust --- and differential movement can occur on the two sides of the fault. --- Such movement results in EarthTremors and is the cause of --- Earthquakes. -fun GeologicalFault : Class ; -fun GeologicalFault_Class : SubClass GeologicalFault GeographicArea ; + -- OpenSea is the Attribute of a WaterArea + -- that is open ocean beyond five NauticalMiles of land, also known as + -- 'blue water'. + fun OpenSea : Ind Attribute ; --- GeologicallyStable is a --- TerrainAttribute of a GeographicArea in which the geological --- substructure is stable, i.e., there are no active Volcanoes, --- no major fault lines, no blasting or other destabilizing activity. -fun GeologicallyStable : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + -- (OuterBoundaryFn ?REGION) denotes the + -- outer boundary of the Region ?REGION, where ?REGION has an inner and + -- outer orientation with respect to another object. + fun OuterBoundaryFn : El Region -> Ind Region ; + -- OvercastWeather represents + -- a condition in which more than 70% of the sky is covered + -- with clouds. + fun OvercastWeather : Class ; + fun OvercastWeather_Class : SubClass OvercastWeather WeatherProcess ; -fun Ghibli : Class ; -fun Ghibli_Class : SubClass Ghibli WindProcess ; --- A Glacier is a large body of slow_moving ice. --- Glaciers displace soil and rock while moving over land surfaces and break --- apart, forming Icebergs, when they reach the sea. -fun Glacier : Class ; -fun Glacier_Class : SubClass Glacier LandForm ; + -- Overgrazing is the class of processes + -- in which grazing animals consume vegetation faster than it can regrow. + fun Overgrazing : Class ; + fun Overgrazing_Class : SubClass Overgrazing Eating ; -fun GrassFire : Class ; -fun GrassFire_Class : SubClass GrassFire Combustion ; --- Grassland is the class of LandAreas --- where the predominant vegetation is some kind of grass. -fun Grassland : Class ; -fun Grassland_Class : SubClass Grassland (both Biome LandArea) ; + fun OvergrazingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun OverhuntingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Gravel is small rounded stones, often mixed with sand. -fun Gravel : Class ; -fun Gravel_Class : SubClass Gravel Rock ; + fun OverpopulationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun GreatSaltLake : Ind SaltLake ; + fun OzoneDepletionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- GreenhouseGas is the subclass of --- substances that, when present in the atmosphere, trap infrared --- radiation and cause global warming. Greenhouse gases include --- carbon dioxide, hydrofluorocarbons, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, --- and water vapor. -fun GreenhouseGas : Class ; -fun GreenhouseGas_Class : SubClass GreenhouseGas PureSubstance ; + fun OzoneLayerProtectionProtocol : Ind Agreement ; -fun GreenwichEnglandUK : Ind City ; + -- The OzoneShield is a layer in + -- EarthsAtmosphere, located about 25 miles above Earth's surface, + -- composed of ozone gas that absorbs ultraviolent radiation from + -- the Sun that can be damaging to living things. + fun OzoneShield : Ind (both AtmosphericRegion CompoundSubstance) ; --- GroundCoverVegetation --- describes the density of uniform low vegetation in a field or meadow. -fun GroundCoverVegetation : Ind Attribute ; + -- PHValue ('pH') is a UnitOfMeasure + -- used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The pH + -- scale ranges from 0 to 14. The pH of a neutral solution is 7. + -- Acid solutions have a pH value less than seven. Alkaline solutions + -- have a value greater than seven. + fun PHValue : Ind NonCompositeUnitOfMeasure ; + -- PacificOcean represents the Pacific Ocean. + fun PacificOcean : Ind Ocean ; --- Groundwater is the subclass of --- Water that is found in deposits in the earth. -fun Groundwater : Class ; -fun Groundwater_Class : SubClass Groundwater Water ; + -- Pampa is a class of vast, level, typically grassy + -- Plains of land in South America. + fun Pampa : Class ; + fun Pampa_Class : SubClass Pampa (both Grassland Plain) ; -fun GroundwaterPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; + fun Pampero : Class ; + fun Pampero_Class : SubClass Pampero Windstorm ; --- Gulf is the class of extensions of a Sea or --- Ocean that reach into a land mass or are partially enclosed by a --- LandArea. A Gulf is typically larger than a Bay. -fun Gulf : Class ; -fun Gulf_Class : SubClass Gulf (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; + -- PartlyCloudyWeather + -- represents a condition in which between 30% and 70% of the + -- sky is covered with clouds. + fun PartlyCloudyWeather : Class ; + fun PartlyCloudyWeather_Class : SubClass PartlyCloudyWeather WeatherProcess ; + -- A Peninsula is a piece of land that extends + -- into a body of water and is surrounded on three sides by water. Typically + -- connected by an Isthmus or neck of land that is narrower than its main + -- portion (contrast with Cape). + fun Peninsula : Class ; + fun Peninsula_Class : SubClass Peninsula LandForm ; -fun GulfOfAden : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; + -- A PerimeterArea is a region that + -- extends outward from a boundary with another region, surrounding or + -- partially surrounding it, but which is not part of that other region. + -- See BorderFn and PerimeterAreaFn. + fun PerimeterArea : Class ; + fun PerimeterArea_Class : SubClass PerimeterArea Region ; + + -- (PerimeterAreaFn ?REGION) denotes a + -- class including any peripheral zones extending outward from the Region + -- ?REGION. + fun PerimeterAreaFn: El Region -> Desc PerimeterArea ; + + fun Permafrost : Ind CompoundSubstance ; + + -- PermanentCropLand is the subclass + -- of LandArea that represents land cultivated for crops that are produced + -- without replanting after every harvest, such as fruit trees, coffee, rubber, + -- nuts, and vineyards. Does not include timberland. Cf. arableLandArea. + fun PermanentCropLand : Class ; + fun PermanentCropLand_Class : SubClass PermanentCropLand LandArea ; -fun GulfOfMexico : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; + fun PersianGulf : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; -fun GulfOfOman : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; + fun PesticideIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; --- Hailing is a precipitation process --- in which Water falls in a Solid state with round, hard pellets. -fun Hailing : Class ; -fun Hailing_Class : SubClass Hailing Precipitation ; + -- PesticidePollution is + -- the subclass of Pollution in which the pollutant is a pesticide. + fun PesticidePollution : Class ; + fun PesticidePollution_Class : SubClass PesticidePollution Pollution ; -fun HarmattanWind : Class ; -fun HarmattanWind_Class : SubClass HarmattanWind WindProcess ; -fun HazardousWastesConvention : Ind Agreement ; + -- Phospate is a salt or ester of a + -- phosphoric acid. + fun Phosphate : Class ; + fun Phosphate_Class : SubClass Phosphate CompoundSubstance ; --- Headwind is the relative attribute of a --- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to the front --- of the object (FrontFn). A headwind can negatively affect the speed --- capability of a vehicle. -fun Headwind : Ind Attribute ; + -- A Piedmont is a LandArea at the foot of mountains. + fun Piedmont : Class ; + fun Piedmont_Class : SubClass Piedmont LandArea ; + -- Pines are coniferous BotanicalTrees of the + -- genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae. They are evergreens, with needle_ + -- shaped leaves and propagate by dropping pine cones, which contains + -- seeds. (from Wikipedia) + fun PineTree : Class ; + fun PineTree_Class : SubClass PineTree BotanicalTree ; -fun HeavyRaining : Class ; -fun HeavyRaining_Class : SubClass HeavyRaining Raining ; -fun HeavySurf : Class ; -fun HeavySurf_Class : SubClass HeavySurf (both WaterMotion WeatherProcess) ; + -- A Plain is a broad, flat or gently rolling area, + -- usually low in elevation. + fun Plain : Class ; + fun Plain_Class : SubClass Plain LowlandArea ; --- Hemisphere is the class of GeographicAreas --- that are halves of the Earth, as traditionally divided into the Northern --- and Southern Hemispheres along the equator and into the Eastern and Western --- Hemispheres along a north_south line running 20°W and 160°E. -fun Hemisphere : Class ; -fun Hemisphere_Class : SubClass Hemisphere GeographicArea ; + -- Planet is the class of large + -- NaturalSatellites that revolve around a star. + fun Planet : Class ; + fun Planet_Class : SubClass Planet NaturalSatellite ; -fun HighBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; + fun PlanetEarth : Ind Planet ; --- HighPressureWeatherSystem is --- the class of weather systems characterized by high barometricPressures. --- High pressure systems typically cause clear weather. -fun HighPressureWeatherSystem : Class ; -fun HighPressureWeatherSystem_Class : SubClass HighPressureWeatherSystem WeatherSystem ; + fun PlanetJupiter : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetMars : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetMercury : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetNeptune : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetPluto : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetSaturn : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetUranus : Ind Planet ; + + fun PlanetVenus : Ind Planet ; + + -- Planting is the class of processes in + -- which botanical Plants are planted or transplanted, whether as + -- seeds, seedlings, or mature plants. + fun Planting : Class ; + fun Planting_Class : SubClass Planting Putting ; + + -- A Plateau is a flat upland area with one steep + -- face, elevated plain. + fun Plateau : Class ; + fun Plateau_Class : SubClass Plateau (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + + -- Poaching is the illegal killing + -- of non_human animals. + fun Poaching : Class ; + fun Poaching_Class : SubClass Poaching Killing ; + + -- PolarClimateZone is a subclass of + -- ClimateZone characterized by having an average temperature less than + -- 10 degrees Celsius in the warmest month. This is Koeppen climate system + -- Type E. No agriculture is supported in polar climates. + fun PolarClimateZone : Class ; + fun PolarClimateZone_Class : SubClass PolarClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + -- PolarTypeFClimateZone is a + -- subclass of PolarClimateZone characterized by having no month in + -- which the temperature rises to 10 degrees Celsius or above. + fun PolarTypeFClimateZone : Class ; + fun PolarTypeFClimateZone_Class : SubClass PolarTypeFClimateZone PolarClimateZone ; + + fun PollutedFishStocksIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- Pollution is the contamination of an + -- environment by man_made wastes. + fun Pollution : Class ; + fun Pollution_Class : SubClass Pollution SocialInteraction ; + + fun PollutionIssue : Class ; + fun PollutionIssue_Class : SubClass PollutionIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun PoopoLake : Ind SaltLake ; + + fun PopulationMigrationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- PotableWater is the subclass + -- of Water that represents safely drinkable water. + fun PotableWater : Class ; + fun PotableWater_Class : SubClass PotableWater Freshwater ; + + -- Potash is a Potassium carbonate from + -- wood ashes or a potassium compound. + fun Potash : Class ; + fun Potash_Class : SubClass Potash CompoundSubstance ; + + fun PowerPlantEmissionsIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + -- Prairie is a class of large plains + -- LandAreas with tall grass vegetation. + fun Prairie : Class ; + fun Prairie_Class : SubClass Prairie (both Grassland Plain) ; + + -- RainForest is the subclass of LandAreas + -- that are densely planted with trees. + fun RainForest : Class ; + fun RainForest_Class : SubClass RainForest (both Biome Forest) ; + + -- Raining is a precipitation process + -- in which water falls in a Liquid state. + fun Raining : Class ; + fun Raining_Class : SubClass Raining Precipitation ; + + -- Rapids is the class of WaterAreas that are + -- parts of a StreamWaterArea where the currents move swiftly over + -- rocks. + fun Rapids : Class ; + fun Rapids_Class : SubClass Rapids StreamWaterArea ; + + fun RawSewagePollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + fun RedSea : Ind Sea ; + + -- A Reef is a ridge of rock, coral, or sand at or near + -- the surface of a WaterArea. + fun Reef : Class ; + fun Reef_Class : SubClass Reef (both LandForm MaritimeHazard) ; + + -- Reforestation is the process of + -- replanting trees on land where they were cut or burned. + fun Reforestation : Class ; + fun Reforestation_Class : SubClass Reforestation Planting ; + + -- A Reservoir is an artifically made (or + -- artifically enlarged) holding area where water is collected and stored + -- for future use. + fun Reservoir : Class ; + fun Reservoir_Class : SubClass Reservoir (both Artifact FreshWaterArea) ; + + -- A ReservoirLake is an artifically made + -- (or artifically enlarged) lake used for water collection and storage. + fun ReservoirLake : Class ; + fun ReservoirLake_Class : SubClass ReservoirLake (both Lake Reservoir) ; + + -- A RichterMagnitude is a measure + -- of the severity of an EarthTremor. For example, + -- (MeasureFn 6.5 RichterMagnitude) denotes the value of 6.5 on the + -- Richter scale. + fun RichterMagnitude : Ind CompositeUnitOfMeasure ; + + -- A RipCurrent is a fast narrow surface current + -- that flows seaward from a ShoreArea. + fun RipCurrent : Class ; + fun RipCurrent_Class : SubClass RipCurrent LittoralCurrent ; + + -- River is the class of large streams of fresh + -- water flowing through land into a lake, ocean, or other body of water. + fun River : Class ; + fun River_Class : SubClass River (both BodyOfWater (both FreshWaterArea StreamWaterArea)) ; + + -- A RiverBank is the ShoreArea adjacent to a river. + fun RiverBank : Class ; + fun RiverBank_Class : SubClass RiverBank (both LandForm ShoreArea) ; + + -- RiverMouth is the subclass of WaterAreas + -- that are the outfalls of a river or stream into another body of water. + fun RiverMouth : Class ; + fun RiverMouth_Class : SubClass RiverMouth (both StreamWaterArea WaterArea) ; + + -- A RiverSystem comprises all the tributary + -- streams and rivers (StreamWaterAreas) that drain along converging + -- paths into the main river of the system, which discharges into a + -- StaticWaterArea. + fun RiverSystem : Class ; + fun RiverSystem_Class : SubClass RiverSystem (both Collection WaterArea) ; + + fun Rockslide : Class ; + fun Rockslide_Class : SubClass Rockslide Landslide ; + + -- Salination is the class of processes + -- in which either Freshwater or Topsoil becomes imbued with + -- SodiumChloride from sea water or from the evaporation of irrigation water. + fun Salination : Class ; + fun Salination_Class : SubClass Salination Combining ; + + -- A Salt is a chemical substance which is a combination + -- of a metal or a base with an acid. + fun Salt : Class ; + fun Salt_Class : SubClass Salt CompoundSubstance ; + + -- SaltLake is the class of landlocked + -- bodies of salt water, including those referred to as 'Seas', e.g., + -- the CaspianSea. But note that the MediterraneanSea is a Sea. + fun SaltLake : Class ; + fun SaltLake_Class : SubClass SaltLake (both LandlockedWater SaltWaterArea) ; + + fun SaltonSea : Ind SaltLake ; + + -- Sand is loose fragments of minerals or rocks. Smaller than + -- gravel and larger than silt and clay, sand particles range from 8/10,000 to 8/100 + -- inch (0.02 to 2 millimeters) in diameter. Sand is formed by the Erosion of rocks + -- through the action of water, ice, or air. + fun Sand : Class ; + fun Sand_Class : SubClass Sand Soil ; + + fun Sandstorm : Class ; + fun Sandstorm_Class : SubClass Sandstorm WeatherProcess ; + + -- Sanitation is the class of processes + -- by which human waste and garbage are disposed of. + fun Sanitation : Class ; + fun Sanitation_Class : SubClass Sanitation Removing ; + + -- Satellite is the collection of bodies that + -- revolve around some astronomical body, e.g., planets around a star. + -- This class includes both artificial and NaturalSatellites. + fun Satellite : Class ; + fun Satellite_Class : SubClass Satellite AstronomicalBody ; + + -- Savanna is a class of tropical or subtropical + -- Grasslands, typically treeless. + fun Savanna : Class ; + fun Savanna_Class : SubClass Savanna (both Grassland Plain) ; + + -- ScatteredVegetation describes + -- the pattern of vegetation in which plants appear at intervals. + fun ScatteredVegetation : Ind Attribute ; + + -- Sea is the class of smaller subdivisions of + -- the WorldOcean, typically partially surrounded by land. However, + -- for inland salt water bodies that are sometimes called 'Sea', see + -- SaltLake. + fun Sea : Class ; + fun Sea_Class : SubClass Sea (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; + + fun SeaIce : Class ; + fun SeaIce_Class : SubClass SeaIce Ice ; + + -- SeaLevel designates the global Mean Sea Surface + -- (MSS). Note that SeaLevel represents a GeographicArea that comprises all + -- the local Mean Sea Level (MSL) areas used as references for measuring altitude. + -- In fact, there are local variations in MSL, due to tides and long_ and short_ + -- term weather conditions. + fun SeaLevel : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- SeabedArea is the class of SubmergedLandAreas that are part of + -- the sea floor. + fun SeabedArea : Class ; + fun SeabedArea_Class : SubClass SeabedArea SubmergedLandArea ; + + -- A Seacoast is the ShoreArea along the + -- margin of an ocean, extending inland approximately 1_3 km from the low + -- water mark. + fun Seacoast : Class ; + fun Seacoast_Class : SubClass Seacoast (both LandForm ShoreArea) ; + + fun SemiaridClimateZone : Class ; + fun SemiaridClimateZone_Class : SubClass SemiaridClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + fun SevereThunderstorm : Class ; + fun SevereThunderstorm_Class : SubClass SevereThunderstorm WeatherProcess ; + + fun SewageDisposal : Class ; + fun SewageDisposal_Class : SubClass SewageDisposal Sanitation ; + + fun ShipPollutionProtocol : Ind Agreement ; + + fun Shoal : Class ; + fun Shoal_Class : SubClass Shoal MaritimeHazard ; + + -- Shoreline is the class of LandAreas that + -- are the edge of a larger land mass abutting a bordering WaterArea. + fun Shoreline : Class ; + fun Shoreline_Class : SubClass Shoreline LandArea ; + + -- (ShorelineFn ?LAND ?WATER) denotes + -- the Shoreline where the GeographicArea ?LAND borders the + -- WaterArea ?WATER. + fun ShorelineFn : El GeographicArea -> El WaterArea -> Ind LandArea ; + + -- (ShortageFn ?TYPE) means that there + -- is a shortage of objects of ?TYPE, which are used as resources. + fun ShortageFn: Desc Object -> Ind Entity ; + + -- Shrub is the class of low, perennial, + -- typically multi_stemmed woody plants, called shrubs or bushes. + fun Shrub : Class ; + fun Shrub_Class : SubClass Shrub FloweringPlant ; + + -- SigningADocument is the class of + -- actions in which an agent affixes a signature, stamp, or other evidence + -- of authorization or attestation to a document. The document and signature + -- may be electronic. Signings count as SocialInteractions even if done in + -- private, because their significance derives from a social context. + fun SigningADocument : Class ; + fun SigningADocument_Class : SubClass SigningADocument Committing ; + + -- Silt is sand or earth which is carried along by flowing + -- water and deposited at a bend in a river or at a river's opening. + fun Silt : Class ; + fun Silt_Class : SubClass Silt Soil ; + + -- Siltation is the class of processes + -- in which WaterAreas become filled in with silt or mud, due to + -- soil Erosion. + fun Siltation : Class ; + fun Siltation_Class : SubClass Siltation Putting ; + + fun SiltationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun Sirocco : Class ; + fun Sirocco_Class : SubClass Sirocco WindProcess ; + + -- SlashAndBurnAgriculture + -- is the subclass of Agriculture processes in which land is + -- cleared by cutting and burning trees, and crops are farmed until + -- the soil is depleted, at which point the plot is abandoned to + -- regrowth. This rotational technique is viable only with low + -- populations and infrequent re_use. + fun SlashAndBurnAgriculture : Class ; + fun SlashAndBurnAgriculture_Class : SubClass SlashAndBurnAgriculture Agriculture ; --- HighTide is the class of TidalProcesses that --- occur twice a day in marine waters, in which the water level rises above --- the mean sea level. -fun HighTide : Class ; -fun HighTide_Class : SubClass HighTide TidalProcess ; + fun Sleeting : Class ; + fun Sleeting_Class : SubClass Sleeting Precipitation ; --- HigherHighTide is the subclass of --- HighTide processes that occur in marine waters with a --- MixedTideProcess. -fun HigherHighTide : Class ; -fun HigherHighTide_Class : SubClass HigherHighTide HighTide ; + -- A SlopedArea is a land surface which lies at + -- an angle to the horizontal so that some points on it are higher than + -- others, a slope. + fun SlopedArea : Class ; + fun SlopedArea_Class : SubClass SlopedArea LandForm ; --- A Hill is a raised part of the earth's surface with --- sloping sides _ an old mountain which because of erosion has become shorter --- and more rounded. -fun Hill : Class ; -fun Hill_Class : SubClass Hill (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + -- Snowing is a precipitation process + -- in which water falls in a Solid state. + fun Snowing : Class ; + fun Snowing_Class : SubClass Snowing Precipitation ; + fun SocialInteractions : Class ; --- Humus is decaying organic matter found in Soil --- and derived from dead animal and plant material. -fun Humus : Class ; -fun Humus_Class : SubClass Humus Mixture ; + -- Soil is a substance composed of fine rock material + -- disintegrated by geological processes, mixed with humus, the organic remains of decomposed vegetation. + fun Soil : Class ; + fun Soil_Class : SubClass Soil Mixture ; -fun Hurricane : Class ; -fun Hurricane_Class : SubClass Hurricane (both TropicalCyclone WeatherProcess) ; + -- SoilDegradation is a class of + -- processes in which the productive capacity of soil is lowered by + -- over_fertilization, overuse of pesticides, erosion, or soil + -- compaction. + fun SoilDegradation : Class ; + fun SoilDegradation_Class : SubClass SoilDegradation SocialInteractions ; -fun HurricaneSeason : Class ; -fun HurricaneSeason_Class : SubClass HurricaneSeason WeatherSeason ; --- HydropowerWaterArea --- is the class of WaterAreas with waterflow strength adequate --- for the production of hydropower. -fun HydropowerWaterArea : Class ; -fun HydropowerWaterArea_Class : SubClass HydropowerWaterArea WaterArea ; + fun SoilDegradationIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; --- An Iceberg is a large chunk of ice that has --- broken off from a glacier and fallen into the sea. The larger part of --- an Iceberg floats underwater. -fun Iceberg : Class ; -fun Iceberg_Class : SubClass Iceberg (both SelfConnectedObject Water) ; + -- SoilErosion is the subclass of + -- Erosion in which the matter removed by wind or water is topsoil. + fun SoilErosion : Class ; + fun SoilErosion_Class : SubClass SoilErosion Erosion ; + fun SoilErosionIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; -fun Icing : Class ; -fun Icing_Class : SubClass Icing (both Freezing WeatherProcess) ; + fun SoilExhaustionIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; -fun IllegalWildlifeTradeIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun SoilPollutionIssue : Ind (both PollutionIssue SoilQualityIssue) ; -fun InadequatePotableWaterIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; + fun SoilQualityIssue : Class ; + fun SoilQualityIssue_Class : SubClass SoilQualityIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun InadequateSanitationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun SoilSalination : Class ; + fun SoilSalination_Class : SubClass SoilSalination Salination ; --- IndianOcean represents the Indian Ocean. -fun IndianOcean : Ind Ocean ; + fun SoilSalinityIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; + -- SoilSolution is the liquid component of soils, + -- which is largely water containing a number of mineral substances in solution, + -- as well as comparatively large amounts of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide. + fun SoilSolution : Class ; + fun SoilSolution_Class : SubClass SoilSolution Solution ; -fun IndigenousPeoplesPreservationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- Sol is the nearest Star to PlanetEarth and + -- the focus of its SolarSystem. + fun Sol : Ind Star ; --- IndustrialPollution is --- the subclass of Pollution characterized by pollutants that --- originate in industrial processes. -fun IndustrialPollution : Class ; -fun IndustrialPollution_Class : SubClass IndustrialPollution Pollution ; + -- SolarSystem is the class of systems that + -- consist of a star or stars and any encircling astronomical bodies. + fun SolarSystem : Class ; + fun SolarSystem_Class : SubClass SolarSystem Collection ; -fun IndustrialPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + fun SolidWasteDisposal : Class ; + fun SolidWasteDisposal_Class : SubClass SolidWasteDisposal Sanitation ; --- An instance of InlandWaterSystem --- comprises two or more lakes or rivers, canals, or other waterways that --- are interconnected. -fun InlandWaterSystem : Class ; -fun InlandWaterSystem_Class : SubClass InlandWaterSystem (both Collection WaterArea) ; + fun SolidWasteDisposalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + -- A Sound is a long, relatively narrow waterway + -- lying along the shore of a land mass and protected from open water by + -- another land area, an island or group of islands. Some sounds open at + -- both ends into the same body of water (e.g., Long Island Sound), while + -- others connect two different bodies of water (e.g., Melville Sound). + -- A Sound may occur in salt or fresh water bodies. Generally wider than + -- a Strait. + fun Sound : Class ; + fun Sound_Class : SubClass Sound BodyOfWater ; --- Inlet is the class of bays or other recesses --- into the shore of a lake, sea, or river, includes InletPassages, which --- are passages leading from open water through some barrier to a bay or --- lagoon. -fun Inlet : Class ; -fun Inlet_Class : SubClass Inlet BodyOfWater ; + fun SouthAmerica : Ind Continent ; --- InletPassage is the class of water --- passages connecting an area of open water to a bay or lagoon, through --- some land barrier(s) close on either side. -fun InletPassage : Class ; -fun InletPassage_Class : SubClass InletPassage Inlet ; + -- SouthAtlanticOcean denotes the southern geographicSubregion + -- of the AtlanticOcean. + fun SouthAtlanticOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; --- (InnerBoundaryFn ?REGION) denotes the --- inner boundary of the Region ?REGION, where ?REGION has an inner and --- outer orientation with respect to another object. -fun InnerBoundaryFn : El Region -> Ind Region ; + -- SouthPacificOcean denotes the southern geographicSubregion + -- of the PacificOcean. + fun SouthPacificOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; + fun SouthSandwichTrench : Ind Hole ; --- InternationalAgreement is the --- subclass of Agreements which are made by and between Nations. -fun InternationalAgreement : Class ; -fun InternationalAgreement_Class : SubClass InternationalAgreement Agreement ; + -- Southeast represents the compass direction of Southeast. + fun Southeast : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; --- InternationalBorder is the --- subclass of GeographicAreas where the areas of two Nations meet. -fun InternationalBorder : Class ; -fun InternationalBorder_Class : SubClass InternationalBorder GeographicArea ; + fun SoutheasternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun InvasiveSpeciesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + fun SoutheasternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; --- IrrigatedLand is the subclass of --- LandArea representing land whose water supply is artificially --- supplied or supplemented. -fun IrrigatedLand : Class ; -fun IrrigatedLand_Class : SubClass IrrigatedLand LandArea ; + fun SouthernAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; --- Irrigating is the process of transporting --- and applying water to crops by artificial means. -fun Irrigating : Class ; -fun Irrigating_Class : SubClass Irrigating Motion ; - --- IrrigationChannel is the class of --- artificially created channels used for transporting water to agricultural --- fields for Irrigating crops. -fun IrrigationChannel : Class ; -fun IrrigationChannel_Class : SubClass IrrigationChannel Artifact ; + fun SouthernAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; --- An Isthmus is a narrow strip of land that --- connects two larger land masses and is bordered on two sides by water. -fun Isthmus : Class ; -fun Isthmus_Class : SubClass Isthmus LandArea ; + fun SouthernEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; --- JetStream is the class of high_velocity --- AirStreams that blow constantly in the upper atmosphere with constant --- speed and direction, though their location shifts somewhat. There are --- four JetStreams in EarthsAtmosphere. -fun JetStream : Class ; -fun JetStream_Class : SubClass JetStream AirStream ; + -- The half of the Earth that lies below the + -- equator. + fun SouthernHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; --- Jungle is a subclass of fertile LandAreas --- that are overgrown with tropical vegetation. -fun Jungle : Class ; -fun Jungle_Class : SubClass Jungle (both Biome LandArea) ; + -- SouthernOcean represents the Southern Ocean. + fun SouthernOcean : Ind (both Ocean PolarClimateZone) ; + fun SouthernSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun Khamsin : Class ; -fun Khamsin_Class : SubClass Khamsin Windstorm ; --- KnotUnitOfSpeed is a unit for measuring --- speed. One KnotUnitOfSpeed is equal to one NauticalMile per one --- HourDuration. -fun KnotUnitOfSpeed : Ind CompositeUnitOfMeasure ; + -- Southwest represents the compass direction of Southwest. + fun Southwest : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; + fun SouthwesternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; -fun KokoNor : Ind SaltLake ; - --- Lake is the subclass of BodyOfWater whose --- instances are naturally occurring static bodies of water surrounded --- by land. -fun Lake : Class ; -fun Lake_Class : SubClass Lake StaticWaterArea ; - -fun LakeBakhtegan : Ind SaltLake ; - -fun LakeEyre : Ind SaltLake ; - -fun LakeMareotis : Ind SaltLake ; - --- A LakeRegion is a GeographicArea --- including land surrounding one or more Lakes. -fun LakeRegion : Class ; -fun LakeRegion_Class : SubClass LakeRegion GeographicArea ; - -fun LakeTorrens : Ind SaltLake ; - -fun LakeWalker : Ind SaltLake ; - -fun LandClearingIssue : Ind BiodiversityIssue ; - --- A LandForm is the class of geographically and/or geologically --- distinct areas that occur on Earth's surface, including mountains, hills, plains, valleys, --- deltas, and features of submerged land areas such as the ocean floor. -fun LandForm : Class ; -fun LandForm_Class : SubClass LandForm GeographicArea ; - -fun LandSubsidence : Class ; -fun LandSubsidence_Class : SubClass LandSubsidence GeologicalProcess ; --- LandlockedArea is the class of --- LandAreas that lack access to an Ocean or to a Waterway --- providing a link to the ocean. -fun LandlockedArea : Class ; -fun LandlockedArea_Class : SubClass LandlockedArea LandArea ; - --- LandlockedWater includes water --- areas that are surrounded by land, including salt lakes, fresh --- water lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and (more or less) wetlands. -fun LandlockedWater : Class ; -fun LandlockedWater_Class : SubClass LandlockedWater BodyOfWater ; - -fun LandminesIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun Landslide : Class ; -fun Landslide_Class : SubClass Landslide GeologicalProcess ; --- LandslideProcess is a subclass --- of Motion that represents events in which a loosened mass of mud, --- dirt, or rock slides down a slope, by the force of gravity. -fun LandslideProcess : Class ; -fun LandslideProcess_Class : SubClass LandslideProcess Impelling ; - --- Latitude is the class of Regions, --- associated with areas on the Earth's surface, which are parallels --- measured in PlaneAngleDegrees from the Equator. -fun Latitude : Class ; -fun Latitude_Class : SubClass Latitude Region ; - --- LatitudeFn is a VariableArityRelation --- used to denote a parallel of latitude. Examples: --- (LatitudeFn North (MeasureFn 38 AngularDegree)), (LatitudeFn --- South (MeasureFn 23 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 30 ArcMinute)), --- (LatitudeFn South (MeasureFn 60 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 0 ArcMinute) --- (MeasureFn 0 ArcSecond)), (LatitudeFn North --- (MeasureFn 42 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 7.89 ArcMinute)). -fun LatitudeFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> Ind Region ; - - -fun LawOfTheSeaConvention : Ind Agreement ; - --- Lichen is the class of complex thallyphytic --- plants made up of Alga and Fungus growing symbiotically. -fun Lichen : Class ; -fun Lichen_Class : SubClass Lichen NonFloweringPlant ; - -fun LimitedFreshWaterIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; - --- LittoralCurrent is the subclass of --- WaterCurrents that occur near a ShoreArea. Examples include --- TidalEbb, TidalFlow, and RipCurrents. -fun LittoralCurrent : Class ; -fun LittoralCurrent_Class : SubClass LittoralCurrent WaterCurrent ; - --- A LittoralZone is an area along the shore --- of a large body of water, especially an Ocean or Sea, including the area --- extending from the high tide mark out to a depth of 200 meters. The littoral --- zone is of interest for its land features, e.g., slope gradient and soil --- composition, including features of its SubmergedLandArea. -fun LittoralZone : Class ; -fun LittoralZone_Class : SubClass LittoralZone GeographicArea ; - --- Type of soil intermediate in texture between clay and sand, --- consisting of a mixture of clay, sand, gravel, silt, and organic matter. -fun Loam : Class ; -fun Loam_Class : SubClass Loam Soil ; - -fun Locust : Class ; -fun Locust_Class : SubClass Locust Animal ; --- Longitude is the class of Regions, --- associated with areas on the Earth's surface, which are meridians --- measured in PlaneAngleDegrees from the PrimeMeridian through --- GreenwichEnglandUK. -fun Longitude : Class ; -fun Longitude_Class : SubClass Longitude Region ; - --- (LongitudeFn ?DIRECTION @ROW) --- denotes a meridian of longitude. Note that LongitudeFn is --- a VariableArityRelation. Examples: --- (LongitudeFn East (MeasureFn 180 AngularDegree)), (LongitudeFn --- West (MeasureFn 122 AngularDegree) (MeasureFn 24 ArcMinute)), --- (LongitudeFn East (MeasureFn 121 AngularDegree) --- (MeasureFn 0 ArcMinute) (MeasureFn 15 ArcSecond)), --- (LongitudeFn West (MeasureFn 80 AngularDegree) --- (MeasureFn 6.78 ArcMinute)). -fun LongitudeFn : El DirectionalAttribute -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> El AngleMeasure -> Ind GeographicArea ; - - -fun LossOfHabitatIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun LowBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; - --- LowPressureWeatherSystem is --- the class of weather systems characterized by low or unstable --- barometricPressures. Low pressure systems typically introduce --- unsettled weather, frequently including storms. -fun LowPressureWeatherSystem : Class ; -fun LowPressureWeatherSystem_Class : SubClass LowPressureWeatherSystem WeatherSystem ; - --- LowTerrain is terrain in which the slope --- is less than 3%. -fun LowTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; - - --- LowTide is the class of TidalProcesses that --- occur twice a day in marine waters, in which the water level falls below --- the mean sea level. -fun LowTide : Class ; -fun LowTide_Class : SubClass LowTide TidalProcess ; - --- LowerLowTide is the subclass of LowTide --- processes that occur in marine waters with a MixedTideProcess. -fun LowerLowTide : Class ; -fun LowerLowTide_Class : SubClass LowerLowTide LowTide ; - --- A LowlandArea is a land area lower than the surrounding region, --- and usually level land. -fun LowlandArea : Class ; -fun LowlandArea_Class : SubClass LowlandArea LandForm ; - -fun MarineDumpingConvention : Ind Agreement ; - -fun MarineLifeConservationConvention : Ind Agreement ; - --- A MaritimeClaimArea is a GeographicArea --- delimited by a geopolitical state's claim, under the LawOfTheSea, of rights --- to certain resources, activities, or jurisdiction in the claimed area. --- MaritimeClaimAreas can pertain to WaterAreas, SubmergedLandAreas, and Airspace. -fun MaritimeClaimArea : Class ; -fun MaritimeClaimArea_Class : SubClass MaritimeClaimArea GeographicArea ; - --- (MaritimeClaimsTerritorialSeaFn ?REGION) denotes a --- peripheral zones of maritime control extending outward from the Region --- ?REGION. -fun MaritimeClaimsTerritorialSeaFn : El Region -> Ind PerimeterArea ; - - --- MaritimeContiguousZone --- is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea that includes areas over --- which a geopolitical state may exercise some control of activities --- beyond the 12_mile zone of its TerritorialSea. In general, --- the authorized control is for preventing or punishing activities --- that would violate laws applying within the 12_mile zone (that is, --- authorization to chase and intercept). According to the LawOfTheSea, --- a MaritimeContiguousZone may extend up to 24 nautical miles from the coast. -fun MaritimeContiguousZone : Class ; -fun MaritimeContiguousZone_Class : SubClass MaritimeContiguousZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; - - --- (MaritimeContiguousZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the MaritimeContiguousZone --- that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. -fun MaritimeContiguousZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeContiguousZone ; - - --- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone is the subclass of MaritimeClaimArea --- that represents the offshore area that coastal nations can claim for --- fishing and other uses of the ocean water and seabed found there. -fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone : Class ; -fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone_Class : SubClass MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; - - --- (MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZoneFn ?POLITY) denotes the --- MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone that is claimed by the --- GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. -fun MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZoneFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeExclusiveEconomicZone ; - - -fun MaritimeHazard : Class ; -fun MaritimeHazard_Class : SubClass MaritimeHazard LandForm ; --- MaritimeShelfArea --- is a subclass of MaritimeClaimArea that covers SubmergedLandAreas --- claimed by an adjacent geopolitical area. The LawOfTheSea defines --- the continental shelf as extending up to 200 miles (NM) offshore and --- including the resources found therein. The defined claim area does not --- correspond exactly to a geological ContinentalShelf, but if there is one, --- the two areas will overlap spatially. -fun MaritimeShelfArea : Class ; -fun MaritimeShelfArea_Class : SubClass MaritimeShelfArea (both MaritimeClaimArea SubmergedLandArea) ; - - --- (MaritimeShelfAreaFn ?POLITY) denotes the MaritimeShelfArea --- that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. -fun MaritimeShelfAreaFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind MaritimeShelfArea ; - - --- MediterraneanClimateZone --- is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone that is characterized by --- mild, cool, wet winters and warm dry summers. Mediterranean shores --- are the archetype, but the Mediterranean climate is also found elsewhere. -fun MediterraneanClimateZone : Class ; -fun MediterraneanClimateZone_Class : SubClass MediterraneanClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; - -fun MediterraneanSea : Ind Sea ; - -fun MediumBiodiversity : Ind BiodiversityAttribute ; - --- A Mesa is a land formation having a relatively flat --- top and steep rock walls. -fun Mesa : Class ; -fun Mesa_Class : SubClass Mesa (both LandForm UplandArea) ; - - --- MetallurgicalPlant is the --- subclass of Organization that includes metal refining and --- manufacturing plants. Such plants typically release extremely --- toxic waste which can pollute air and groundwater if not --- properly treated. -fun MetallurgicalPlant : Class ; -fun MetallurgicalPlant_Class : SubClass MetallurgicalPlant Organization ; - -fun MiddleAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- MiddleEastRegion is a --- GeopoliticalArea that comprises countries of Southwestern Asia --- and (in some definitions) Northwestern Africa. Here this term is --- defined as in the CIA World Fact Book, in which the Middle East --- includes: Bahrain, Cyprus, the Gaza Strip, Iran, Iraq, Israel, --- Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, the United --- Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen. -fun MiddleEastRegion : Ind (both GeographicArea GeopoliticalArea) ; - + fun SouthwesternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; --- MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone is the subclass of --- DesertClimateZone characterized by a cool dry climate --- typical of middle latitude deserts. This is subtype 'BWk' --- in the Keoppen climate system. -fun MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone : Class ; -fun MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass MiddleLatitudeDesertClimateZone DesertClimateZone ; + -- SparseVegetation describes the + -- pattern of vegetation in an area where there is very little vegetation. + fun SparseVegetation : Ind Attribute ; --- MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone is a subclass of --- TemperateClimateZone that is characterized by cool winters --- and hot summers. -fun MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone : Class ; -fun MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone_Class : SubClass MidlatitudeContinentalClimateZone ClimateZone ; + fun Squall : Class ; + fun Squall_Class : SubClass Squall WeatherProcess ; -fun MiningPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + -- SquareKilometer represents a + -- UnitOfMeasure equal to one square kilometer. + fun SquareKilometer : Ind UnitOfArea ; -fun Mistral : Class ; -fun Mistral_Class : SubClass Mistral WindProcess ; --- MixedTideProcess is the subclass of --- TidalProcesses consisting of daily cycles in which the two low and --- two high tides are of unequal height. In areas with this kind of --- pattern, the chart (based on average low water) is determined by the --- Mean Lower Low Water. -fun MixedTideProcess : Class ; -fun MixedTideProcess_Class : SubClass MixedTideProcess TidalProcess ; + -- SquareMeter represents a UnitOfMeasure + -- equal to one square Meter. + fun SquareMeter : Ind UnitOfArea ; -fun Monsoon : Class ; -fun Monsoon_Class : SubClass Monsoon WeatherSeason ; --- MonsoonClimateZone is the class --- of TropicalClimateZones in which there is a short dry season between --- rains heavy enough to keep the ground wet all through the year. This --- is Koeppen climate system subtype 'Aw'. -fun MonsoonClimateZone : Class ; -fun MonsoonClimateZone_Class : SubClass MonsoonClimateZone TropicalClimateZone ; + -- (SquareUnitFn ?UNIT) denotes the + -- UnitOfMeasure that is the square of the UnitOfMeasure ?UNIT. + -- For example, (SquareUnitFn (KiloFn Meter)) denotes the unit + -- of a square kilometer. + fun SquareUnitFn : El UnitOfMeasure -> Ind UnitOfMeasure ; --- Moon is the class of NaturalSatellites that --- orbit planets or large asteroids. -fun Moon : Class ; -fun Moon_Class : SubClass Moon NaturalSatellite ; + -- Star is the class of hot gaseous astronomical bodies. + fun Star : Class ; + fun Star_Class : SubClass Star AstronomicalBody ; --- A Mountain is a high, rocky LandForm, usually --- with steep sides and a pointed or rounded top, and higher than a Hill. -fun Mountain : Class ; -fun Mountain_Class : SubClass Mountain (both LandForm UplandArea) ; + -- StationaryFront is the class of + -- boundary areas between two air masses that are stationary, with neither + -- mass presently replacing the other. + fun StationaryFront : Class ; + fun StationaryFront_Class : SubClass StationaryFront WeatherFront ; + + -- A TerrainAttribute of a region in + -- which there is a wide variation in elevation and slopeGradients + -- of more than 10%. + fun SteepTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; + + -- Steppe is a subclass of Plain, representing + -- vast, level, treeless areas of land in Asia or SE Europe. + fun Steppe : Class ; + fun Steppe_Class : SubClass Steppe Plain ; + + -- SteppeClimateZone + -- is the class of AridClimateZones where the dominant + -- vegetation type is grasses, with no trees. Koeppen + -- system 'BS'. + fun SteppeClimateZone : Class ; + fun SteppeClimateZone_Class : SubClass SteppeClimateZone AridClimateZone ; + + -- A Stone is any small fragment of rock or mineral matter. + fun Stone : Class ; + fun Stone_Class : SubClass Stone Rock ; + + fun StormSystem : Class ; + fun StormSystem_Class : SubClass StormSystem WeatherSystem ; + + -- Strait is the subclass of BodyOfWater that + -- consists of narrow water areas connecting two larger bodies of water. + -- Straits are naturally occurring bodies of water. + fun Strait : Class ; + fun Strait_Class : SubClass Strait BodyOfWater ; + + fun StraitOfHormuz : Ind (both Strait SaltWaterArea) ; + + -- A StreamWaterConfluence is the + -- place where a stream or other tributary joins a river. + fun StreamWaterConfluence : Class ; + fun StreamWaterConfluence_Class : SubClass StreamWaterConfluence WaterArea ; + + fun StrikeSlipFault : Class ; + fun StrikeSlipFault_Class : SubClass StrikeSlipFault GeologicalFault ; + + fun StrongWind : Class ; + fun StrongWind_Class : SubClass StrongWind WindProcess ; + + -- SubmergedLandArea is the class of land + -- regions that are located beneath bodies of water. + fun SubmergedLandArea : Class ; + fun SubmergedLandArea_Class : SubClass SubmergedLandArea GeographicArea ; + + -- SubtropicalDesertClimateZone is a subclass of DesertClimateZone + -- that is characterized by an average temperature greater than 18 + -- degrees Celsius, as well as very low rainfall. This is Koeppen + -- system 'BWh'. + fun SubtropicalDesertClimateZone : Class ; + fun SubtropicalDesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass SubtropicalDesertClimateZone DesertClimateZone ; + + -- SurfaceGroundArea is a subclass of + -- GeographicArea that is restricted to regions whose surface is solid + -- ground. A SurfaceGroundArea may be a discontinuous region overlapping + -- a larger, continuous GeographicArea but excluding any WaterAreas + -- enclosed therein. Rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other surface water areas + -- are not part of any SurfaceGroundArea. + fun SurfaceGroundArea : Class ; + fun SurfaceGroundArea_Class : SubClass SurfaceGroundArea GeographicArea ; + + fun Swarming : Class ; + fun Swarming_Class : SubClass Swarming Motion ; + + -- Tailwind is the relative attribute of a + -- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to the back + -- of the object (BackFn). A tailwind can positively affect the speed + -- capability of a vehicle. + fun Tailwind : Ind Attribute ; + + -- Talc is a very soft Mineral that is + -- a basic silicate of magnesium. + fun Talc : Class ; + fun Talc_Class : SubClass Talc Mineral ; + + -- TemperateClimateZone is the + -- subclass of ClimateZone whose warmest month has an average + -- temperature greater than 10 degrees Celsius and whose coolest month + -- has an average temperature between 18 degrees and _3 degrees Celsius. + -- This is Class C in the Koeppen climate system. + fun TemperateClimateZone : Class ; + fun TemperateClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + fun TemperateHardwoodForest : Class ; + fun TemperateHardwoodForest_Class : SubClass TemperateHardwoodForest (both Biome Forest) ; + + fun TemperateRainForest : Class ; + fun TemperateRainForest_Class : SubClass TemperateRainForest (both RainForest TemperateHardwoodForest) ; + + -- TemperateSummerDryClimateZone is the subclass of TemperateClimateZone + -- that is characterized by dry summers, and in which the wettest winter month + -- has at least three times the moisture of the driest summer month. The + -- driest month has less than an average of 30 mm of precipitation. Koeppen + -- climate system type 'Cs'. + fun TemperateSummerDryClimateZone : Class ; + fun TemperateSummerDryClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateSummerDryClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; + + -- TemperateWinterDryClimateZone is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone + -- characterized by having at least 10 times as much precipitation in the + -- wettest summer month as in the driest winter month. Koeppen climate + -- system type 'Cw'. + fun TemperateWinterDryClimateZone : Class ; + fun TemperateWinterDryClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateWinterDryClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; + + -- TerrainAttribute is a class of + -- Attributes that describe terrain. + fun TerrainAttribute : Class ; + fun TerrainAttribute_Class : SubClass TerrainAttribute InternalAttribute ; + + -- TerritorialSea is the class + -- of contiguous waters over which a GeopoliticalArea claims + -- jurisdiction in accordance with the United Nations Convention + -- on the LawOfTheSea (LOS), Part II. A territorial sea may be + -- up to 12 miles (NauticalMiles) in breadth. A subclass of + -- MaritimeClaimArea. + fun TerritorialSea : Class ; + fun TerritorialSea_Class : SubClass TerritorialSea (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; + + -- (TerritorialSeaFn ?POLITY) denotes + -- the TerritorialSea that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. + fun TerritorialSeaFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind TerritorialSea ; + + fun ThrustFault : Class ; + fun ThrustFault_Class : SubClass ThrustFault DipSlipFault ; + + fun Thunderstorm : Class ; + fun Thunderstorm_Class : SubClass Thunderstorm WeatherProcess ; + + -- A TidalBore is an unusally high, fast tidal + -- inflow from the sea, resulting from a high volume of water rushing from + -- a wide_mouthed bay or Estuary into narrower landward areas. + fun TidalBore : Class ; + fun TidalBore_Class : SubClass TidalBore LittoralCurrent ; + + -- TidalEbb is the subclass of WaterCurrents that are temporary and variable, + -- but regular, currents of ocean water flowing seaward up to and during + -- the time of low tide. Alternating with TidalFlow. + fun TidalEbb : Class ; + fun TidalEbb_Class : SubClass TidalEbb LittoralCurrent ; + + -- TidalFlow is the subclass of WaterCurrents + -- that are temporary and variable, but regular, currents of ocean water + -- flowing landward up to and during the time of high tide. Alternating + -- with TidalEbb. + fun TidalFlow : Class ; + fun TidalFlow_Class : SubClass TidalFlow LittoralCurrent ; + + -- TidalProcess is the class of daily + -- recurring events in which the water level in a BodyOfWater rises + -- and falls with the changing position between Earth and the Moon. + fun TidalProcess : Class ; + fun TidalProcess_Class : SubClass TidalProcess InternalChange ; + + -- A Tide is a vertical movement of the water level + -- in a BodyOfWater due to the gravitational attraction between Earth and + -- the moon. Tides are diurnally recurrent events. In most regions with + -- tides, every day there are two high tides and two low tides. MixedTide + -- represents a process in which the tides at either extreme are unequal. + fun Tide : Class ; + fun Tide_Class : SubClass Tide (both FlowRegion SaltWaterArea) ; + + fun Tornado : Class ; + fun Tornado_Class : SubClass Tornado WeatherProcess ; + + fun ToxicChemicalPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + fun ToxicWasteDisposalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + -- TreatyDocument is the subclass of + -- Texts that represent written agreements between Nations. + fun TreatyDocument : Class ; + fun TreatyDocument_Class : SubClass TreatyDocument Text ; + + -- TropicalClimateZone is a + -- subclass of ClimateZone in which the average temperature of the + -- coldest month is greater than 18 degrees Celsius. This is Class + -- 'A' in the Koeppen climate classification system. + fun TropicalClimateZone : Class ; + fun TropicalClimateZone_Class : SubClass TropicalClimateZone ClimateZone ; + + -- TropicalCyclone is the class of + -- CyclonicStorms that occur in the Tropics and typically have + -- rotational winds of hurricane force (74 mph or higher). + fun TropicalCyclone : Class ; + fun TropicalCyclone_Class : SubClass TropicalCyclone CyclonicStorm ; + + fun TropicalRainForest : Class ; + fun TropicalRainForest_Class : SubClass TropicalRainForest RainForest ; + + fun TropicalTimber83Agreement : Ind Agreement ; + + fun TropicalTimber94Agreement : Ind Agreement ; + + -- The Tropics is the region of + -- PlanetEarth that lies between approximately 23 and one half degrees + -- North latitude and 23 and one half degrees South latitude, + -- encircling the globe. 'The Tropics'. See also TropicArea. + fun Tropics : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- Tsunami is the class of highly destructive + -- ocean waves caused by offshore seismic processes. + fun Tsunami : Class ; + fun Tsunami_Class : SubClass Tsunami WeatherProcess ; + + -- Tundra is a subclass of flat, treeless Plains + -- areas lying within the ArcticRegion. Subsoil in Tundra is permanently + -- frozen. + fun Tundra : Class ; + fun Tundra_Class : SubClass Tundra (both ArcticRegion (both Biome Plain)) ; + + -- TundraClimateZone is a subclass of + -- PolarClimateZone characterized by having an average temperature + -- above zero degrees Celsius (but below 10 degrees) in the warmest month. + -- Koeppen subtype 'ET'. + fun TundraClimateZone : Class ; + fun TundraClimateZone_Class : SubClass TundraClimateZone PolarClimateZone ; + + fun Typhoon : Class ; + fun Typhoon_Class : SubClass Typhoon TropicalCyclone ; + + fun UVLevelsIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- The class of regions located Below the surface of the earth. + fun UndergroundArea : Class ; + fun UndergroundArea_Class : SubClass UndergroundArea GeographicArea ; + + fun UnexplodedOrdinanceIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- A UniformPerimeterArea is one + -- that has a defined uniform width. + fun UniformPerimeterArea : Class ; + fun UniformPerimeterArea_Class : SubClass UniformPerimeterArea PerimeterArea ; + + -- Uphill is a PositionalAttribute that + -- describes the relation between two things, one of which is located + -- up a slope from the other. + fun Uphill : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + -- An UplandArea is a LandArea elevated above the surrounding + -- terrain. + fun UplandArea : Class ; + fun UplandArea_Class : SubClass UplandArea LandForm ; + + fun Upstream : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + -- Upwind is a PositionalAttribute that indicates relative position + -- upwind (windward) with respect to the direction that the Wind is + -- blowing. + fun Upwind : Ind PositionalAttribute ; + + fun UrbanizationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- A Valley is an area of low_lying land flanked by + -- higher ground. Valleys typically contain a stream or river flowing along the valley floor. + fun Valley : Class ; + fun Valley_Class : SubClass Valley (both LandForm LowlandArea) ; + + fun VehicleEmissionsIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; + + -- VehicularPollution is the + -- subclass of Pollution in which the pollutants are vehicle emissions. + fun VehicularPollution : Class ; + fun VehicularPollution_Class : SubClass VehicularPollution Pollution ; + + -- Veldt is a subclass of Grasslands which have + -- scattered shrubs or trees. + fun Veldt : Class ; + fun Veldt_Class : SubClass Veldt (both Grassland Plain) ; + + -- A VolcanicCone is a hill of lava or + -- pyroclastics surrounding a volcanic vent. Not as high as a + -- VolcanicMountain. + fun VolcanicCone : Class ; + fun VolcanicCone_Class : SubClass VolcanicCone (both Hill Volcano) ; + + -- VolcanicEruption is the subclass of + -- GeologicalProcesses in which Volcanoes erupt. + fun VolcanicEruption : Class ; + fun VolcanicEruption_Class : SubClass VolcanicEruption GeologicalProcess ; + + fun VolcanicGasRelease : Class ; + fun VolcanicGasRelease_Class : SubClass VolcanicGasRelease VolcanicEruption ; + + -- A VolcanicMountain is a cone_shaped + -- mountain formed out of rock or ash thrown up from inside the earth, + -- frequently with an opening or depression at the top. + fun VolcanicMountain : Class ; + fun VolcanicMountain_Class : SubClass VolcanicMountain (both Mountain Volcano) ; + + fun VolcanicallyActive : Ind VolcanoStatus ; + + fun VolcanicallyDormant : Ind VolcanoStatus ; + + fun VolcanicallyExtinct : Ind VolcanoStatus ; + + -- A Volcano in the broadest sense, i.e., a region + -- containing a vent through which magmous and/or pyroclastic materials are + -- passed from the interior of the Earth to its surface (atmospheric or + -- underwater). + fun Volcano : Class ; + fun Volcano_Class : SubClass Volcano LandForm ; + + fun VolcanoStatus : Class ; + fun VolcanoStatus_Class : SubClass VolcanoStatus InternalAttribute ; + + -- WarmFront is the class of transitional + -- weather processes occurring between a warm air mass that is advancing + -- upon a cool air mass. + fun WarmFront : Class ; + fun WarmFront_Class : SubClass WarmFront WeatherFront ; + + fun WaterBorneDiseaseIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- WaterCatchment is the subclass of + -- Artifacts used to capture rainwater or runoff as a source + -- of Freshwater. + fun WaterCatchment : Class ; + fun WaterCatchment_Class : SubClass WaterCatchment Artifact ; + -- WaterCurrent is a subclass of FlowRegions + -- consisting of moving water, especially those currents found within a + -- well_identified area and having an established pattern of movement, such + -- as an OceanCurrent, a RipTide, or a River. WaterCurrent is + -- disjoint with StaticWaterArea. As a consequence, Lakes for example + -- cannot be FlowRegions, however, currents may be present in a lake. + fun WaterCurrent : Class ; + fun WaterCurrent_Class : SubClass WaterCurrent (both FlowRegion WaterArea) ; + + fun WaterInfrastructureIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun WaterManagementIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- WaterOnlyArea is a subclass of + -- GeographicArea that is restricted to regions whose surface is water. + -- A WaterOnlyArea may be a discontinuous region overlapping a larger, + -- continuous GeographicArea but excluding any LandAreas enclosed therein. + -- Dry land areas, including islands, are not part of any WaterOnlyArea. + fun WaterOnlyArea : Class ; + fun WaterOnlyArea_Class : SubClass WaterOnlyArea GeographicArea ; + + fun WaterOverutilization : Class ; + fun WaterOverutilization_Class : SubClass WaterOverutilization SocialInteraction ; + + -- WaterPollution is the subclass + -- of Pollution processes in which Water is the polluted substance. + fun WaterPollution : Class ; + fun WaterPollution_Class : SubClass WaterPollution Pollution ; + + fun WaterPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; + + -- Waterfall is the subclass of StreamWaterAreas where running water + -- falls steeply downhill. + fun Waterfall : Class ; + fun Waterfall_Class : SubClass Waterfall StreamWaterArea ; + + -- A WatershedDivide is a summit area, or + -- narrow tract of higher ground that constitutes the watershed boundary + -- between two adjacent drainage basins, it divides the surface waters that + -- flow naturally in one direction from those that flow in the opposite + -- direction. + fun WatershedDivide : Class ; + fun WatershedDivide_Class : SubClass WatershedDivide (both LandArea UplandArea) ; + + fun Waterspout : Class ; + fun Waterspout_Class : SubClass Waterspout WeatherProcess ; + + -- WeatherFront is the class of weather + -- processes that are involve relationships between two air masses, such + -- as a high pressure weather system or a low pressure system. + fun WeatherFront : Class ; + fun WeatherFront_Class : SubClass WeatherFront WeatherProcess ; + + -- WeatherSeason is the class of seasonal + -- processes that are characterized by various weather patterns. + -- WeatherSeasons may recur on a regular annual basis, on a different + -- pattern, or irregularly. + fun WeatherSeason : Class ; + fun WeatherSeason_Class : SubClass WeatherSeason WeatherProcess ; + + -- WeatherSystem is the class of + -- large_scale atmospheric processes that influence weather in a region + -- for 2_5 days. + fun WeatherSystem : Class ; + fun WeatherSystem_Class : SubClass WeatherSystem WeatherProcess ; + + fun WesternAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; + + fun WesternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- The half of the Earth that includes North + -- and South America. + fun WesternHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; + + fun WesternSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; + + -- WetTropicalClimateZone is + -- the subclass of TropicalClimateZone that is characterized by having + -- no dry months. At least 60 mm of rainfall occur in the driest month. + -- This is subtype 'Af' in the Koeppen climate system. + fun WetTropicalClimateZone : Class ; + fun WetTropicalClimateZone_Class : SubClass WetTropicalClimateZone TropicalClimateZone ; + + fun WetlandDegradationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + fun WetlandsConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + fun WhalingConvention : Ind Agreement ; + + fun WildlifePoachingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; + + -- WindFlow is the class of variable AirStreams + -- that are in the EarthsAtmosphere. + fun WindFlow : Class ; + fun WindFlow_Class : SubClass WindFlow AirStream ; + + fun WindProcess : Class ; + fun WindProcess_Class : SubClass WindProcess WeatherProcess ; + + fun Windstorm : Class ; + fun Windstorm_Class : SubClass Windstorm WindProcess ; + + -- The WorldOcean is the collective mass of + -- sea water that covers 70% of the surface of PlanetEarth, surrounding + -- all of its dry land areas. Earth's individual Oceans are parts of + -- the WorldOcean. + fun WorldOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; + + fun Zud : Class ; + fun Zud_Class : SubClass Zud WeatherProcess ; + + -- (airTemperature ?AREA ?TEMP) means that the temperature of the + -- air at ?AREA is ?TEMP. Temperature may be expressed in units of + -- TemperatureMeasure, including CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, + -- among others. + fun airTemperature : El Object -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (arableLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) + -- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has ?AMOUNT of land under + -- cultivation with crops that are replanted after each harvest. ?AMOUNT + -- may be expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. + -- Cf. permanentCropLandArea. + fun arableLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (averagePrecipitationForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means + -- that at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration + -- ?PERIOD, the average daily precipitation was ?AMOUNT. + fun averagePrecipitationForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (averageRainfallForPeriod ?AREA ?MO ?AMOUNT) + -- means that ?AREA receives ?AMOUNT of rain in month ?MO in an average + -- year. Note that ?AMOUNT is a linear measure indicating the depth of water that + -- would accumulate over ?AREA if all water were captured. + fun averageRainfallForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El Month -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (averageTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that + -- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration + -- ?PERIOD, the average daily temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature + -- may be expressed in some UnitOfTemperature, including + -- CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, among others. + fun averageTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (bioindicatorForHabitat ?AREA ?SPECIES) means that the health + -- of the individuals in ?SPECIES indicates the condition of their + -- habitat in the GeographicArea ?AREA. + fun bioindicatorForHabitat: El GeographicArea -> Desc OrganicObject -> Formula ; + + -- (claimedTerritory ?AREA ?POLITY) + -- means that some right over the GeographicArea ?AREA is claimed by + -- the Agent or GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. If two politically independent + -- states or agents claim the same area, that area is a 'disputed + -- territory'. + fun claimedTerritory : El GeographicArea -> El Agent -> Formula ; + + -- (climateTypeInArea ?TYPE ?REGION) + -- means that all or part of the GeographicArea ?REGION is of the + -- ClimateZone ?TYPE. + fun climateTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc ClimateZone -> Formula ; + + -- (cloudCoverFraction ?AREA ?AMOUNT) + -- means that in the Region ?AREA, the fraction ?AMOUNT of the sky is + -- covered with clouds. + fun cloudCoverFraction : El Region -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; + + -- (coldSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the cold season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. + fun coldSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (connectedDownstream ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) + -- means that ?OBJ1 is connected, remotely or immediately, with ?OBJ2 along + -- a directed system such as a RiverSystem. + fun connectedDownstream : El Object -> El Object -> Formula ; + + -- (coolSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the cool season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (coolSeasonInArea + -- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn May October + fun coolSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (courseWRTCompassNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course + -- heading from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING in AngularDegrees, with + -- the reference point of 000 degrees North as measured by compass on + -- or at ?OBJ1. + fun courseWRTCompassNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (courseWRTMagneticNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course + -- heading from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING in AngularDegrees, with + -- the reference point of 000 degrees being the magnetic North pole. + fun courseWRTMagneticNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (courseWRTTrueNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course + -- heading or track from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING, in AngularDegrees, + -- with the reference point of 000 degrees being true North. + fun courseWRTTrueNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (dateOpenedForSignature ?PROP ?DATE) means that as of a date + -- indicated by ?DATE, document(s) may officially be signed (by the + -- appropriate agents) to effect commitments to the Agreement ?PROP. + fun dateOpenedForSignature: El Proposition -> Desc TimePosition -> Formula ; + + -- (daylightHoursInterval ?PLACE ?DAY ?INTERVAL) means that in the + -- Region ?PLACE, on the Day indicated by ?DAY, there is daylight + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. + fun daylightHoursInterval: El Region -> Desc Day -> El TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (daylightHoursTotal ?PLACE ?DAY ?TIME) means that in the Region + -- ?PLACE, on the Day indicated by ?DAY, there is daylight for a + -- total TimeDuration ?LENGTH. + fun daylightHoursTotal: El Region -> Desc Day -> El TimeDuration -> Formula ; + + -- (dependentGeopoliticalArea + -- ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is a geopolitical possession of the + -- GeopoliticalArea ?AREA2 and is not a geopoliticalSubdivision of + -- ?AREA2. For example, (dependentGeopoliticalArea Guam UnitedStates), + -- because Guam is a territory of the UnitedStates, not one of the fifty + -- U.S. states. Contrast primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision. + fun dependentGeopoliticalArea : El GeographicArea -> El Agent -> Formula ; + + -- (drySeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the dry season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (drySeasonInArea + -- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn May October)). + fun drySeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- The altitude of an object + -- above the sea level of PlanetEarth + fun earthAltitude : El Physical -> El Physical -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (elevation ?OBJECT ?HEIGHT) means that the + -- physical Object ?OBJECT is located on the surface of PlanetEarth + -- at the vertical distance ?HEIGHT above (or below, for a negative + -- quantity) SeaLevel. ?OBJECT may be a superficialPart of Earth's + -- surface, such as a GeographicArea. Elevation is measured from + -- SeaLevel to the vertical top of the object. + fun elevation : El Object -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (environmentalProblemTypeInArea ?AREA ?PROBLEM) means that + -- objects or processes of type ?PROBLEM is an environmental + -- problem in the GeographicArea ?AREA. + fun environmentalProblemTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Physical -> Formula ; + + -- The relation between WaterMotion Processes + -- and the region in which they occur continuously over at least hours, but + -- typically months or years. A water balloon bursting and flowing downhill + -- would not use this relation, because there would be no StreamWaterArea + -- to relate to. + fun flowCurrent : El WaterMotion -> El WaterArea -> Formula ; + + -- (groundSubsurfaceType ?area ?subsoil) + -- means that the predominant Substance in the subsoil or subsurface layer of + -- the LandArea ?area is of type ?subsoil. + fun groundSubsurfaceType: El LandArea -> Desc Substance -> Formula ; + + -- (%&groundSurfaceType ?area ?substance) means + -- that the predominant Substance at the ground surface of the LandArea ?area is ?substance. + fun groundSurfaceType: El LandArea -> Desc Substance -> Formula ; + + -- (headingWRTCompassNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) + -- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in + -- the direction ?DEGREE, according to the compass carried by ?OBJ. + fun headingWRTCompassNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (headingWRTMagneticNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) + -- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in + -- the direction ?DEGREE, with respect to magnetic North. + fun headingWRTMagneticNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (headingWRTTrueNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) + -- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in + -- the direction ?DEGREE, with respect to true North. + fun headingWRTTrueNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (highAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind + -- blowing above 25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. + fun highAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (highAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the + -- Wind blowing above 25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED + -- and is moving toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. + fun highAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (highTide ?PLACE ?TIME ?AMOUNT) means that + -- there is a HighTide at the Region ?PLACE at the TimeInterval ?TIME + -- with the relative height ?AMOUNT. The height is given in relation to + -- the datum on a standard chart. + fun highTide : El Region -> El TimeInterval -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (highestTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that + -- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, + -- the highest temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature may be expressed + -- in some UnitOfTemperature, including CelsiusDegree and + -- FahrenheitDegree, among others. + fun highestTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (hotSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the hot season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (hotSeasonInArea + -- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn November April)). + fun hotSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (irrigatedLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) + -- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has the ?AMOUNT of irrigated land. + -- ?AMOUNT may be expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. + fun irrigatedLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (landAreaOnly ?REGION ?MEASURE) means + -- that the total area(s) of solid ground within the GeographicArea + -- ?REGION has the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. The pieces of solid ground need + -- not be continuous within the region. + fun landAreaOnly : El GeographicArea -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (lowAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind blowing + -- between 500_10,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. Wind speed + -- may be expressed in knots (KnotUnitOfSpeed) or as any distance per + -- time unit (using (SpeedFn ?DISTANCE ?TIME)). + fun lowAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (lowAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?DIRECTION) means that the + -- low_altitude Wind blowing at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED and comes + -- from the compass point ?DIRECTION. Low_altitude wind is wind blowing + -- between 500_10,000 feet. + fun lowAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (lowTide ?PLACE ?TIME ?AMOUNT) means that + -- there is a LowTide at the Region ?PLACE at the TimeInterval ?TIME + -- with the relative height ?AMOUNT. The height is given in relation to + -- the datum on a standard chart. + fun lowTide : El Region -> El TimeInterval -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (lowestTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that + -- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, + -- the highest temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature may be expressed + -- in some UnitOfTemperature, including CelsiusDegree and + -- FahrenheitDegree, among others. + fun lowestTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (magneticVariation ?AREA ?DEGREE ?DIRECTION) means that in the + -- GeographicArea ?AREA, the magnetic variation of a compass from + -- 000 degrees true is ?DEGREE AngularDegrees in ?DIRECTION (East + -- or West). + fun magneticVariation : El GeographicArea -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (mapOfArea ?AREA ?POINTER) means that a map + -- of the Region ?AREA can be found at the location ?POINTER. + fun mapOfArea : El Region -> El SymbolicString -> Formula ; + + -- (maritimeClaimType ?POLITY ?TYPE) + -- means that the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY claims rights over a + -- MaritimeClaimArea of ?TYPE. + fun maritimeClaimType: El GeopoliticalArea -> Desc MaritimeClaimArea -> Formula ; + + -- (meanSeaLevel ?place ?measure) means that the Mean Sea + -- Level (MSL) at ?place is ?measure. ?measure is a distance representing the sea level + -- at ?place measured against a benchmark (and averaged over a long time). MSL is measured + -- by tide gauges for maritime purposes, while geodesists use the difference between the + -- local sea surface and an ideal level ocean surface (the geoid). + fun meanSeaLevel : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (mediumAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind + -- blowing between 10,000_25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. + fun mediumAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (mediumAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the + -- Wind blowing between 10,000_25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of + -- ?SPEED and is moving toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. + fun mediumAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (naturalHazardTypeInArea ?AREA ?TYPE) means that in the + -- GeographicArea ?AREA, Processes of ?TYPE occur with some + -- frequency and may cause damage or danger to human lives and property. + fun naturalHazardTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Physical -> Formula ; + + -- (naturalResourceTypeInArea ?REGION ?TYPE) means that the + -- GeographicArea ?REGION has resources of the kind ?TYPE. + fun naturalResourceTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Object -> Formula ; + + -- (objectGeographicCoordinates ?OBJECT ?LAT ?LONG) means that + -- the Object ?OBJECT is found at the geographic coordinates + -- ?LAT and ?LONG. + fun objectGeographicCoordinates : El Object -> El Latitude -> El Longitude -> Formula ; + + -- (oppositeDirection ?DIR1 ?DIR2) + -- means that the PositionalAttribute ?DIR1 points in the compass + -- direction opposite to the DirectionalAttribute ?DIR2. + fun oppositeDirection : El PositionalAttribute -> El PositionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (orbits ?SATELLITE ?FOCUS) means that the Object + -- ?SATELLITE revolves around the AstronomicalBody ?FOCUS. + fun orbits : El Object -> El AstronomicalBody -> Formula ; + + -- This predicate is used to represent information from the CIA + -- World Fact Book. (otherLandUseArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that + -- in the GeographicArea ?REGION, the ?AMOUNT of land has some + -- use other than planting seasonal or permanent crops. ?AMOUNT may be + -- expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. See also + -- arableLandArea and permanentLandArea. + fun otherLandUseArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (overcastDaysInPeriod ?AREA ?PERIOD ?NUMBER) means that during the + -- time ?PERIOD, the GeographicArea ?AREA experienced ?NUMBER of + -- OvercastWeather days. + fun overcastDaysInPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; + + -- (partyToAgreement ?AGENT ?PROP) + -- means that the Agent ?AGENT has committed to the agreement ?PROP. + fun partyToAgreement : El Agent -> El Proposition -> Formula ; + + -- (permanentCropLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that the GeographicArea + -- ?REGION has ?AMOUNT of land under cultivation with crops that are not + -- replanted after each harvest. This includes orchards, vineyards, coffee + -- and rubber plantations. Timberland is excluded. ?AMOUNT may be expressed + -- in physical units or with a percent or fraction. Cf. permanentCropLandArea. + fun permanentCropLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (precipitationAmount ?EVENT ?AMOUNT) means that in the + -- Precipitation process ?EVENT, the quantity of precipitation + -- that fell was ?AMOUNT. + fun precipitationAmount : El Precipitation -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (precipitationRate ?EVENT ?RATE) means that in the + -- Precipitation ?EVENT, the precipitation falls at a rate + -- of ?RATE. + fun precipitationRate : El Precipitation -> El FunctionQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (precipitationState ?EVENT ?STATE) means that in the Precipitation + -- ?EVENT, the stuff falling is in the PhysicalState ?STATE (e.g., + -- Liquid or Solid ice). + fun precipitationState : El WeatherProcess -> El PhysicalState -> Formula ; + + -- (rainySeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the rainy or wet season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (rainySeasonInArea + -- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn November April)). + fun rainySeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (regionalIssue ?AREA ?ISSUE) means + -- that the AreaOfConcern ?ISSUE is relevant to a problem in the + -- GeographicArea ?AREA. + fun regionalIssue : El GeographicArea -> El AreaOfConcern -> Formula ; + + -- (relativeBearing ?OBJ1?OBJ2 ?DEGREES) + -- means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 are separated by the amount ?DEGREES of + -- PlaneAngleMeasure. + fun relativeBearing : El Object -> El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (relativeHumidity ?AREA ?AMOUNT) + -- means that the amount of moisture in the air at ?AREA is ?AMOUNT. + -- Relative humidity expresses the amount of moisture as a percentage, + -- or ratio, between the actual moisture saturation of the air compared + -- to the potential moisture saturation of the air. At full (potential) + -- saturation, precipitation would occur. + fun relativeHumidity : El Object -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; + + -- (seaSurfaceTemperature ?AREA ?TEMP) means that the + -- temperature of the sea surface at ?AREA is ?TEMP. + -- Temperature may be expressed in some UnitOfTemperature, + -- including CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, among others. + fun seaSurfaceTemperature : El WaterArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- The length of the boundary + -- between two GeographicRegions. + fun sharedBorderLength : El GeographicRegion -> El GeographicRegion -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (slopeGradient ?AREA ?SLOPE) means that + -- in the LandArea ?AREA there is an incline of ?slope, where ?SLOPE is + -- the percent of vertical rise over horizontal distance. slopeGradient + -- gives an approximate value for nonzero slope over ?AREA, without regard + -- to orientation. For example, (slopeGradient ?AREA 0.10) means that + -- there is a 10% incline across the area, without specifying the + -- orientation in which the land rises or falls. Also see + -- slopeGradientTowardsOrientation. + fun slopeGradient : El LandArea -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; + + -- (slopeGradientTowardsOrientation ?AREA ?DIRECTION ?SLOPE) means that + -- in the LandArea ?AREA, there is an incline of ?SLOPE towards the + -- DirectionalAttribute ?DIRECTION. ?SLOPE is a RationalNumber + -- representing the percent of vertical rise over horizontal distance. + fun slopeGradientTowardsOrientation : El LandArea -> El DirectionalAttribute -> El RationalNumber -> Formula ; + + -- (streamOutfall ?WATER ?RIVER) means that + -- the WaterArea ?MOUTH is the outfall of the River ?RIVER. + fun streamOutfall : El WaterArea -> El River -> Formula ; + + -- (surfaceWindDirection ?PLACE ?DIRECTION) means that at ?PLACE + -- the wind is coming from the compass point ?DIRECTION. For example, + -- (surfaceWindDirection SanFranciscoBay Northwest) means that the + -- wind in San Francisco Bay is coming from the Northwest. The wind is + -- within 500 feet of Earth's surface. + fun surfaceWindDirection : El Object -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (surfaceWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) + -- means that the speed of the surface Wind at the GeographicArea + -- ?PLACE is ?RATE. Wind speed may be expressed in knots (KnotUnitOfSpeed) + -- or as any distance per time unit (using (SpeedFn ?DISTANCE ?TIME)). + -- Surface wind is found at the surface of the planet, everyday wind. + -- Technically, Winds moving through the atmosphere up to an altitude + -- of 500 feet. + fun surfaceWindSpeed : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (surfaceWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the + -- surface Wind blowing at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED and is moving + -- toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. Surface wind is found at the + -- surface of the planet, everyday wind. Technically, Winds moving + -- through the atmosphere up to an altitude of 500 feet. + fun surfaceWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (terrainInArea ?AREA ?ATTRIBUTE) + -- means that the GeographicArea ?AREA is or includes a region with + -- the features of TerrainArea ?ATTRIBUTE. + fun terrainInArea : El GeographicArea -> El TerrainAttribute -> Formula ; + + -- (totalArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that + -- the total area of ?REGION is the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. + fun totalArea : El Region -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (totalBiomass ?PLACE ?MASS) means that the + -- total amount (in weight or volume) of living matter in the Region + -- ?PLACE is ?MASS. + fun totalBiomass : El GeographicArea -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (totalCoastline ?AREA ?COASTLENGTH) + -- means that the total length of all boundaries between the GeographicArea + -- ?AREA and the ocean is the LengthMeasure ?COASTLENGTH. The coastline + -- counted may be discontinuous and may even be along different oceans (as + -- in Columbia). A totalCoastline of zero indicates a LandlockedArea. + -- Note that only Ocean coastlines are counted, not any shores with inland + -- waters. + fun totalCoastline : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (totalLandBoundary ?REGION ?LENGTH) + -- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has a total LengthMeasure + -- ?LENGTH of land boundaries between it and other countries. Note that + -- the boundaries included in the total length may be discontinuous, as when + -- interrupted by stretches of Seacoast. + fun totalLandBoundary : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (totalPrecipitationForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that + -- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, + -- the total amount of precipitation was ?AMOUNT. + fun totalPrecipitationForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; + + -- (unratifiedSignatoryToAgreement ?AGENT ?PROP) means that + -- the Agent ?AGENT has signed a document to begin the process of + -- committing to the Agreement ?PROP, but that a ratification + -- process required to complete the commitment has not yet occurred. + fun unratifiedSignatoryToAgreement : El Agent -> El Proposition -> Formula ; + + -- (vegetationType ?area ?type) associates + -- a particular GeographicArea with a type of Plant that is found there. + fun vegetationType : El GeographicArea -> Desc Plant -> Formula ; + + -- (vegetationTypePattern ?AREA ?TYPE ?DENSITY) means that in the + -- GeographicArea ?AREA the Plant ?TYPE is found with ?DENSITY. + fun vegetationTypePattern: El GeographicArea -> Desc Plant -> El Attribute -> Formula ; + + -- (warmSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) + -- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the warm season occurs + -- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. + fun warmSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; + + -- (waterAreaOnly ?REGION ?MEASURE) means + -- that the total area(s) of surface water within the GeographicArea + -- ?REGION has the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. The pieces of water need not be + -- continuous within the region. + fun waterAreaOnly : El GeographicArea -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (waterDepth ?AREA ?LENGTH) means that the + -- depth of water at the Region ?AREA is ?LENGTH. + fun waterDepth : El WaterArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; + + -- (windRelativePosition ?OBJECT ?POSITION) means that the Wind blows + -- at ?OBJECT from the relative vector ?POSITION. E.g., Crosswind, + -- Headwind, Tailwind. + fun windRelativePosition : El Object -> El Attribute -> Formula ; --- A MountainRange is a row or chain of connected mountains. -fun MountainRange : Class ; -fun MountainRange_Class : SubClass MountainRange (both LandForm UplandArea) ; - - --- An area of MountainousTerrain --- is an area of rugged terrain in which there are many mountains. -fun MountainousTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; - - -fun Mudflow : Class ; -fun Mudflow_Class : SubClass Mudflow Landslide ; -fun Mudslide : Class ; -fun Mudslide_Class : SubClass Mudslide Landslide ; --- NaturalGas is a combustible mixture --- of methane and higher hydrocarbons. -fun NaturalGas : Class ; -fun NaturalGas_Class : SubClass NaturalGas CompoundSubstance ; - --- NaturalSatellite is the class of --- large, naturally occurring astronomical bodies orbiting some other --- AstronomicalBody. -fun NaturalSatellite : Class ; -fun NaturalSatellite_Class : SubClass NaturalSatellite (both AstronomicalBody Satellite) ; - - --- NauticalMile represents the international --- unit used for measuring distance in sea and air navigation. The unit is --- based on the length of a minute of arc of a great circle of --- PlanetEarth. -fun NauticalMile : Ind UnitOfLength ; - - -fun NormalFault : Class ; -fun NormalFault_Class : SubClass NormalFault DipSlipFault ; -fun NorthAmerica : Ind (both GeographicArea Continent) ; - --- NorthAtlanticOcean denotes the northern geographicSubregion --- of the AtlanticOcean. -fun NorthAtlanticOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; - - --- NorthPacificOcean denotes the northern geographicSubregion --- of the PacificOcean. -fun NorthPacificOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; - - -fun NorthSea : Ind Sea ; - --- Northeast represents the compass direction of Northeast. -fun Northeast : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; - - -fun NorthernAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun NorthernAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun NorthernEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- The half of the Earth that lies above the --- equator. -fun NorthernHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; - - -fun NorthernNorthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun NorthernSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- Northwest represents the compass direction of Northwest. -fun Northwest : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; - - --- NoxiousSubstance is --- the class of Substances that are harmful to Humans. -fun NoxiousSubstance : Class ; -fun NoxiousSubstance_Class : SubClass NoxiousSubstance Substance ; - -fun NuclearEnvironmentalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - -fun NuclearPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun NuclearTestBanTreaty : Ind Agreement ; - --- Oasis is a subclass of LandAreas that are --- fertile places within a desert, which have water and some vegetation. -fun Oasis : Class ; -fun Oasis_Class : SubClass Oasis (both Biome LandArea) ; - - --- OccludedFront is the class of complex --- weather transition processes in which a cold air mass overtakes a warm --- air mass. -fun OccludedFront : Class ; -fun OccludedFront_Class : SubClass OccludedFront WeatherFront ; - --- Ocean is the class containing the oceans --- that are the major subdivisions of the WorldOcean. According to --- the International Hydrographic Association, there are five oceans: --- the AtlanticOcean, PacificOcean, IndianOcean, SouthernOcean, --- and ArcticOcean. Note: The largest oceans, the Atlantic and Pacific, --- are subdivided into Northern and Southern regions, but those regions --- are not separate Oceans. -fun Ocean : Class ; -fun Ocean_Class : SubClass Ocean (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; - - -fun Oceania : Ind (both GeographicArea Continent) ; - -fun OilPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - --- OpenSea is the Attribute of a WaterArea --- that is open ocean beyond five NauticalMiles of land, also known as --- 'blue water'. -fun OpenSea : Ind Attribute ; - - --- (OuterBoundaryFn ?REGION) denotes the --- outer boundary of the Region ?REGION, where ?REGION has an inner and --- outer orientation with respect to another object. -fun OuterBoundaryFn : El Region -> Ind Region ; - - --- OvercastWeather represents --- a condition in which more than 70% of the sky is covered --- with clouds. -fun OvercastWeather : Class ; -fun OvercastWeather_Class : SubClass OvercastWeather WeatherProcess ; - --- Overgrazing is the class of processes --- in which grazing animals consume vegetation faster than it can regrow. -fun Overgrazing : Class ; -fun Overgrazing_Class : SubClass Overgrazing Eating ; - -fun OvergrazingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun OverhuntingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun OverpopulationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun OzoneDepletionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun OzoneLayerProtectionProtocol : Ind Agreement ; - --- The OzoneShield is a layer in --- EarthsAtmosphere, located about 25 miles above Earth's surface, --- composed of ozone gas that absorbs ultraviolent radiation from --- the Sun that can be damaging to living things. -fun OzoneShield : Ind (both AtmosphericRegion CompoundSubstance) ; - - --- PHValue ('pH') is a UnitOfMeasure --- used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The pH --- scale ranges from 0 to 14. The pH of a neutral solution is 7. --- Acid solutions have a pH value less than seven. Alkaline solutions --- have a value greater than seven. -fun PHValue : Ind NonCompositeUnitOfMeasure ; - - --- PacificOcean represents the Pacific --- Ocean. -fun PacificOcean : Ind Ocean ; - - --- Pampa is a class of vast, level, typically grassy --- Plains of land in South America. -fun Pampa : Class ; -fun Pampa_Class : SubClass Pampa (both Grassland Plain) ; - - -fun Pampero : Class ; -fun Pampero_Class : SubClass Pampero Windstorm ; --- PartlyCloudyWeather --- represents a condition in which between 30% and 70% of the --- sky is covered with clouds. -fun PartlyCloudyWeather : Class ; -fun PartlyCloudyWeather_Class : SubClass PartlyCloudyWeather WeatherProcess ; - --- A Peninsula is a piece of land that extends --- into a body of water and is surrounded on three sides by water. Typically --- connected by an Isthmus or neck of land that is narrower than its main --- portion (contrast with Cape). -fun Peninsula : Class ; -fun Peninsula_Class : SubClass Peninsula LandForm ; - --- A PerimeterArea is a region that --- extends outward from a boundary with another region, surrounding or --- partially surrounding it, but which is not part of that other region. --- See BorderFn and PerimeterAreaFn. -fun PerimeterArea : Class ; -fun PerimeterArea_Class : SubClass PerimeterArea Region ; - --- (PerimeterAreaFn ?REGION) denotes a --- class including any peripheral zones extending outward from the Region --- ?REGION. -fun PerimeterAreaFn: El Region -> Desc PerimeterArea ; - - -fun Permafrost : Ind CompoundSubstance ; - --- PermanentCropLand is the subclass --- of LandArea that represents land cultivated for crops that are produced --- without replanting after every harvest, such as fruit trees, coffee, rubber, --- nuts, and vineyards. Does not include timberland. Cf. arableLandArea. -fun PermanentCropLand : Class ; -fun PermanentCropLand_Class : SubClass PermanentCropLand LandArea ; - -fun PersianGulf : Ind (both Gulf SaltWaterArea) ; - -fun PesticideIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- PesticidePollution is --- the subclass of Pollution in which the pollutant is a pesticide. -fun PesticidePollution : Class ; -fun PesticidePollution_Class : SubClass PesticidePollution Pollution ; - --- Phospate is a salt or ester of a --- phosphoric acid. -fun Phosphate : Class ; -fun Phosphate_Class : SubClass Phosphate CompoundSubstance ; - --- A Piedmont is a LandArea at the foot of mountains. -fun Piedmont : Class ; -fun Piedmont_Class : SubClass Piedmont LandArea ; - --- Pines are coniferous BotanicalTrees of the --- genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae. They are evergreens, with needle_ --- shaped leaves and propagate by dropping pine cones, which contains --- seeds. (from Wikipedia) -fun PineTree : Class ; -fun PineTree_Class : SubClass PineTree BotanicalTree ; - --- A Plain is a broad, flat or gently rolling area, --- usually low in elevation. -fun Plain : Class ; -fun Plain_Class : SubClass Plain LowlandArea ; - --- Planet is the class of large --- NaturalSatellites that revolve around a star. -fun Planet : Class ; -fun Planet_Class : SubClass Planet NaturalSatellite ; - -fun PlanetEarth : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetJupiter : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetMars : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetMercury : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetNeptune : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetPluto : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetSaturn : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetUranus : Ind Planet ; - -fun PlanetVenus : Ind Planet ; - --- Planting is the class of processes in --- which botanical Plants are planted or transplanted, whether as --- seeds, seedlings, or mature plants. -fun Planting : Class ; -fun Planting_Class : SubClass Planting Putting ; - --- A Plateau is a flat upland area with one steep --- face, elevated plain. -fun Plateau : Class ; -fun Plateau_Class : SubClass Plateau (both LandForm UplandArea) ; - - --- Poaching is the illegal killing --- of non_human animals. -fun Poaching : Class ; -fun Poaching_Class : SubClass Poaching Killing ; - --- PolarClimateZone is a subclass of --- ClimateZone characterized by having an average temperature less than --- 10 degrees Celsius in the warmest month. This is Koeppen climate system --- Type E. No agriculture is supported in polar climates. -fun PolarClimateZone : Class ; -fun PolarClimateZone_Class : SubClass PolarClimateZone ClimateZone ; - --- PolarTypeFClimateZone is a --- subclass of PolarClimateZone characterized by having no month in --- which the temperature rises to 10 degrees Celsius or above. -fun PolarTypeFClimateZone : Class ; -fun PolarTypeFClimateZone_Class : SubClass PolarTypeFClimateZone PolarClimateZone ; - -fun PollutedFishStocksIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- Pollution is the contamination of an --- environment by man_made wastes. -fun Pollution : Class ; -fun Pollution_Class : SubClass Pollution SocialInteraction ; - -fun PollutionIssue : Class ; -fun PollutionIssue_Class : SubClass PollutionIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun PoopoLake : Ind SaltLake ; - -fun PopulationMigrationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- PotableWater is the subclass --- of Water that represents safely drinkable water. -fun PotableWater : Class ; -fun PotableWater_Class : SubClass PotableWater Freshwater ; - --- Potash is a Potassium carbonate from --- wood ashes or a potassium compound. -fun Potash : Class ; -fun Potash_Class : SubClass Potash CompoundSubstance ; - -fun PowerPlantEmissionsIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - --- Prairie is a class of large plains --- LandAreas with tall grass vegetation. -fun Prairie : Class ; -fun Prairie_Class : SubClass Prairie (both Grassland Plain) ; - - --- RainForest is the subclass of LandAreas --- that are densely planted with trees. -fun RainForest : Class ; -fun RainForest_Class : SubClass RainForest (both Biome Forest) ; - - --- Raining is a precipitation process --- in which water falls in a Liquid state. -fun Raining : Class ; -fun Raining_Class : SubClass Raining Precipitation ; - --- Rapids is the class of WaterAreas that are --- parts of a StreamWaterArea where the currents move swiftly over --- rocks. -fun Rapids : Class ; -fun Rapids_Class : SubClass Rapids StreamWaterArea ; - -fun RawSewagePollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - -fun RedSea : Ind Sea ; - --- A Reef is a ridge of rock, coral, or sand at or near --- the surface of a WaterArea. -fun Reef : Class ; -fun Reef_Class : SubClass Reef (both LandForm MaritimeHazard) ; - - --- Reforestation is the process of --- replanting trees on land where they were cut or burned. -fun Reforestation : Class ; -fun Reforestation_Class : SubClass Reforestation Planting ; - --- A Reservoir is an artifically made (or --- artifically enlarged) holding area where water is collected and stored --- for future use. -fun Reservoir : Class ; -fun Reservoir_Class : SubClass Reservoir (both Artifact FreshWaterArea) ; - - --- A ReservoirLake is an artifically made --- (or artifically enlarged) lake used for water collection and storage. -fun ReservoirLake : Class ; -fun ReservoirLake_Class : SubClass ReservoirLake (both Lake Reservoir) ; - - --- A RichterMagnitude is a measure --- of the severity of an EarthTremor. For example, --- (MeasureFn 6.5 RichterMagnitude) denotes the value of 6.5 on the --- Richter scale. -fun RichterMagnitude : Ind CompositeUnitOfMeasure ; - - --- A RipCurrent is a fast narrow surface current --- that flows seaward from a ShoreArea. -fun RipCurrent : Class ; -fun RipCurrent_Class : SubClass RipCurrent LittoralCurrent ; - --- River is the class of large streams of fresh --- water flowing through land into a lake, ocean, or other body of water. -fun River : Class ; -fun River_Class : SubClass River (both BodyOfWater (both FreshWaterArea StreamWaterArea)) ; - - --- A RiverBank is the ShoreArea adjacent to a river. -fun RiverBank : Class ; -fun RiverBank_Class : SubClass RiverBank (both LandForm ShoreArea) ; - - --- RiverMouth is the subclass of WaterAreas --- that are the outfalls of a river or stream into another body of water. -fun RiverMouth : Class ; -fun RiverMouth_Class : SubClass RiverMouth (both StreamWaterArea WaterArea) ; - - --- A RiverSystem comprises all the tributary --- streams and rivers (StreamWaterAreas) that drain along converging --- paths into the main river of the system, which discharges into a --- StaticWaterArea. -fun RiverSystem : Class ; -fun RiverSystem_Class : SubClass RiverSystem (both Collection WaterArea) ; - - -fun Rockslide : Class ; -fun Rockslide_Class : SubClass Rockslide Landslide ; --- Salination is the class of processes --- in which either Freshwater or Topsoil becomes imbued with --- SodiumChloride from sea water or from the evaporation of irrigation water. -fun Salination : Class ; -fun Salination_Class : SubClass Salination Combining ; - --- A Salt is a chemical substance which is a combination --- of a metal or a base with an acid. -fun Salt : Class ; -fun Salt_Class : SubClass Salt CompoundSubstance ; - --- SaltLake is the class of landlocked --- bodies of salt water, including those referred to as 'Seas', e.g., --- the CaspianSea. But note that the MediterraneanSea is a Sea. -fun SaltLake : Class ; -fun SaltLake_Class : SubClass SaltLake (both LandlockedWater SaltWaterArea) ; - - -fun SaltonSea : Ind SaltLake ; - --- Sand is loose fragments of minerals or rocks. Smaller than --- gravel and larger than silt and clay, sand particles range from 8/10,000 to 8/100 --- inch (0.02 to 2 millimeters) in diameter. Sand is formed by the Erosion of rocks --- through the action of water, ice, or air. -fun Sand : Class ; -fun Sand_Class : SubClass Sand Soil ; - -fun Sandstorm : Class ; -fun Sandstorm_Class : SubClass Sandstorm WeatherProcess ; --- Sanitation is the class of processes --- by which human waste and garbage are disposed of. -fun Sanitation : Class ; -fun Sanitation_Class : SubClass Sanitation Removing ; - --- Satellite is the collection of bodies that --- revolve around some astronomical body, e.g., planets around a star. --- This class includes both artificial and NaturalSatellites. -fun Satellite : Class ; -fun Satellite_Class : SubClass Satellite AstronomicalBody ; - --- Savanna is a class of tropical or subtropical --- Grasslands, typically treeless. -fun Savanna : Class ; -fun Savanna_Class : SubClass Savanna (both Grassland Plain) ; - - --- ScatteredVegetation describes --- the pattern of vegetation in which plants appear at intervals. -fun ScatteredVegetation : Ind Attribute ; - - --- Sea is the class of smaller subdivisions of --- the WorldOcean, typically partially surrounded by land. However, --- for inland salt water bodies that are sometimes called 'Sea', see --- SaltLake. -fun Sea : Class ; -fun Sea_Class : SubClass Sea (both BodyOfWater SaltWaterArea) ; - - -fun SeaIce : Class ; -fun SeaIce_Class : SubClass SeaIce Ice ; --- SeaLevel designates the global Mean Sea Surface --- (MSS). Note that SeaLevel represents a GeographicArea that comprises all --- the local Mean Sea Level (MSL) areas used as references for measuring altitude. --- In fact, there are local variations in MSL, due to tides and long_ and short_ --- term weather conditions. -fun SeaLevel : Ind GeographicArea ; - - --- SeabedArea is the class of SubmergedLandAreas that are part of --- the sea floor. -fun SeabedArea : Class ; -fun SeabedArea_Class : SubClass SeabedArea SubmergedLandArea ; - --- A Seacoast is the ShoreArea along the --- margin of an ocean, extending inland approximately 1_3 km from the low --- water mark. -fun Seacoast : Class ; -fun Seacoast_Class : SubClass Seacoast (both LandForm ShoreArea) ; - - -fun SemiaridClimateZone : Class ; -fun SemiaridClimateZone_Class : SubClass SemiaridClimateZone ClimateZone ; -fun SevereThunderstorm : Class ; -fun SevereThunderstorm_Class : SubClass SevereThunderstorm WeatherProcess ; -fun SewageDisposal : Class ; -fun SewageDisposal_Class : SubClass SewageDisposal Sanitation ; -fun ShipPollutionProtocol : Ind Agreement ; - -fun Shoal : Class ; -fun Shoal_Class : SubClass Shoal MaritimeHazard ; --- Shoreline is the class of LandAreas that --- are the edge of a larger land mass abutting a bordering WaterArea. -fun Shoreline : Class ; -fun Shoreline_Class : SubClass Shoreline LandArea ; - --- (ShorelineFn ?LAND ?WATER) denotes --- the Shoreline where the GeographicArea ?LAND borders the --- WaterArea ?WATER. -fun ShorelineFn : El GeographicArea -> El WaterArea -> Ind LandArea ; - - --- (ShortageFn ?TYPE) means that there --- is a shortage of objects of ?TYPE, which are used as resources. -fun ShortageFn: Desc Object -> Ind Entity ; - - --- Shrub is the class of low, perennial, --- typically multi_stemmed woody plants, called shrubs or bushes. -fun Shrub : Class ; -fun Shrub_Class : SubClass Shrub FloweringPlant ; - --- SigningADocument is the class of --- actions in which an agent affixes a signature, stamp, or other evidence --- of authorization or attestation to a document. The document and signature --- may be electronic. Signings count as SocialInteractions even if done in --- private, because their significance derives from a social context. -fun SigningADocument : Class ; -fun SigningADocument_Class : SubClass SigningADocument Committing ; - --- Silt is sand or earth which is carried along by flowing --- water and deposited at a bend in a river or at a river's opening. -fun Silt : Class ; -fun Silt_Class : SubClass Silt Soil ; - --- Siltation is the class of processes --- in which WaterAreas become filled in with silt or mud, due to --- soil Erosion. -fun Siltation : Class ; -fun Siltation_Class : SubClass Siltation Putting ; - -fun SiltationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun Sirocco : Class ; -fun Sirocco_Class : SubClass Sirocco WindProcess ; --- SlashAndBurnAgriculture --- is the subclass of Agriculture processes in which land is --- cleared by cutting and burning trees, and crops are farmed until --- the soil is depleted, at which point the plot is abandoned to --- regrowth. This rotational technique is viable only with low --- populations and infrequent re_use. -fun SlashAndBurnAgriculture : Class ; -fun SlashAndBurnAgriculture_Class : SubClass SlashAndBurnAgriculture Agriculture ; - -fun Sleeting : Class ; -fun Sleeting_Class : SubClass Sleeting Precipitation ; --- A SlopedArea is a land surface which lies at --- an angle to the horizontal so that some points on it are higher than --- others, a slope. -fun SlopedArea : Class ; -fun SlopedArea_Class : SubClass SlopedArea LandForm ; - --- Snowing is a precipitation process --- in which water falls in a Solid state. -fun Snowing : Class ; -fun Snowing_Class : SubClass Snowing Precipitation ; - -fun SocialInteractions : Class ; - --- Soil is a substance composed of fine rock material --- disintegrated by geological processes, mixed with humus, the organic remains of decomposed vegetation. -fun Soil : Class ; -fun Soil_Class : SubClass Soil Mixture ; - --- SoilDegradation is a class of --- processes in which the productive capacity of soil is lowered by --- over_fertilization, overuse of pesticides, erosion, or soil --- compaction. -fun SoilDegradation : Class ; -fun SoilDegradation_Class : SubClass SoilDegradation SocialInteractions ; - -fun SoilDegradationIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; - --- SoilErosion is the subclass of --- Erosion in which the matter removed by wind or water is topsoil. -fun SoilErosion : Class ; -fun SoilErosion_Class : SubClass SoilErosion Erosion ; - -fun SoilErosionIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; - -fun SoilExhaustionIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; - -fun SoilPollutionIssue : Ind (both PollutionIssue SoilQualityIssue) ; - -fun SoilQualityIssue : Class ; -fun SoilQualityIssue_Class : SubClass SoilQualityIssue EnvironmentalIssue ; -fun SoilSalination : Class ; -fun SoilSalination_Class : SubClass SoilSalination Salination ; -fun SoilSalinityIssue : Ind SoilQualityIssue ; - --- SoilSolution is the liquid component of soils, --- which is largely water containing a number of mineral substances in solution, --- as well as comparatively large amounts of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide. -fun SoilSolution : Class ; -fun SoilSolution_Class : SubClass SoilSolution Solution ; - --- Sol is the nearest Star to PlanetEarth and --- the focus of its SolarSystem. -fun Sol : Ind Star ; - - --- SolarSystem is the class of systems that --- consist of a star or stars and any encircling astronomical bodies. -fun SolarSystem : Class ; -fun SolarSystem_Class : SubClass SolarSystem Collection ; - -fun SolidWasteDisposal : Class ; -fun SolidWasteDisposal_Class : SubClass SolidWasteDisposal Sanitation ; -fun SolidWasteDisposalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - --- A Sound is a long, relatively narrow waterway --- lying along the shore of a land mass and protected from open water by --- another land area, an island or group of islands. Some sounds open at --- both ends into the same body of water (e.g., Long Island Sound), while --- others connect two different bodies of water (e.g., Melville Sound). --- A Sound may occur in salt or fresh water bodies. Generally wider than --- a Strait. -fun Sound : Class ; -fun Sound_Class : SubClass Sound BodyOfWater ; - -fun SouthAmerica : Ind Continent ; - --- SouthAtlanticOcean denotes the southern geographicSubregion --- of the AtlanticOcean. -fun SouthAtlanticOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; - - --- SouthPacificOcean denotes the southern geographicSubregion --- of the PacificOcean. -fun SouthPacificOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; - - -fun SouthSandwichTrench : Ind Hole ; - --- Southeast represents the compass direction of Southeast. -fun Southeast : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; - - -fun SoutheasternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun SoutheasternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun SouthernAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun SouthernAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun SouthernEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- The half of the Earth that lies below the --- equator. -fun SouthernHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; - - --- SouthernOcean represents the Southern --- Ocean. -fun SouthernOcean : Ind (both Ocean PolarClimateZone) ; - - -fun SouthernSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- Southwest represents the compass direction of Southwest. -fun Southwest : Ind DirectionalAttribute ; - - -fun SouthwesternAsia : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun SouthwesternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- SparseVegetation describes the --- pattern of vegetation in an area where there is very little vegetation. -fun SparseVegetation : Ind Attribute ; - - -fun Squall : Class ; -fun Squall_Class : SubClass Squall WeatherProcess ; --- SquareKilometer represents a --- UnitOfMeasure equal to one square kilometer. -fun SquareKilometer : Ind UnitOfArea ; - - --- SquareMeter represents a UnitOfMeasure --- equal to one square Meter. -fun SquareMeter : Ind UnitOfArea ; - - --- (SquareUnitFn ?UNIT) denotes the --- UnitOfMeasure that is the square of the UnitOfMeasure ?UNIT. --- For example, (SquareUnitFn (KiloFn Meter)) denotes the unit --- of a square kilometer. -fun SquareUnitFn : El UnitOfMeasure -> Ind UnitOfMeasure ; - - --- Star is the class of hot gaseous astronomical bodies. -fun Star : Class ; -fun Star_Class : SubClass Star AstronomicalBody ; - --- StationaryFront is the class of --- boundary areas between two air masses that are stationary, with neither --- mass presently replacing the other. -fun StationaryFront : Class ; -fun StationaryFront_Class : SubClass StationaryFront WeatherFront ; - --- A TerrainAttribute of a region in --- which there is a wide variation in elevation and slopeGradients --- of more than 10%. -fun SteepTerrain : Ind TerrainAttribute ; - - --- Steppe is a subclass of Plain, representing --- vast, level, treeless areas of land in Asia or SE Europe. -fun Steppe : Class ; -fun Steppe_Class : SubClass Steppe Plain ; - --- SteppeClimateZone --- is the class of AridClimateZones where the dominant --- vegetation type is grasses, with no trees. Koeppen --- system 'BS'. -fun SteppeClimateZone : Class ; -fun SteppeClimateZone_Class : SubClass SteppeClimateZone AridClimateZone ; - --- A Stone is any small fragment of rock or mineral matter. -fun Stone : Class ; -fun Stone_Class : SubClass Stone Rock ; - -fun StormSystem : Class ; -fun StormSystem_Class : SubClass StormSystem WeatherSystem ; --- Strait is the subclass of BodyOfWater that --- consists of narrow water areas connecting two larger bodies of water. --- Straits are naturally occurring bodies of water. -fun Strait : Class ; -fun Strait_Class : SubClass Strait BodyOfWater ; - -fun StraitOfHormuz : Ind (both Strait SaltWaterArea) ; - --- A StreamWaterConfluence is the --- place where a stream or other tributary joins a river. -fun StreamWaterConfluence : Class ; -fun StreamWaterConfluence_Class : SubClass StreamWaterConfluence WaterArea ; - -fun StrikeSlipFault : Class ; -fun StrikeSlipFault_Class : SubClass StrikeSlipFault GeologicalFault ; -fun StrongWind : Class ; -fun StrongWind_Class : SubClass StrongWind WindProcess ; --- SubmergedLandArea is the class of land --- regions that are located beneath bodies of water. -fun SubmergedLandArea : Class ; -fun SubmergedLandArea_Class : SubClass SubmergedLandArea GeographicArea ; - --- SubtropicalDesertClimateZone is a subclass of DesertClimateZone --- that is characterized by an average temperature greater than 18 --- degrees Celsius, as well as very low rainfall. This is Koeppen --- system 'BWh'. -fun SubtropicalDesertClimateZone : Class ; -fun SubtropicalDesertClimateZone_Class : SubClass SubtropicalDesertClimateZone DesertClimateZone ; - --- SurfaceGroundArea is a subclass of --- GeographicArea that is restricted to regions whose surface is solid --- ground. A SurfaceGroundArea may be a discontinuous region overlapping --- a larger, continuous GeographicArea but excluding any WaterAreas --- enclosed therein. Rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other surface water areas --- are not part of any SurfaceGroundArea. -fun SurfaceGroundArea : Class ; -fun SurfaceGroundArea_Class : SubClass SurfaceGroundArea GeographicArea ; - -fun Swarming : Class ; -fun Swarming_Class : SubClass Swarming Motion ; --- Tailwind is the relative attribute of a --- Wind to an object when the force of the wind is applied to the back --- of the object (BackFn). A tailwind can positively affect the speed --- capability of a vehicle. -fun Tailwind : Ind Attribute ; - - --- Talc is a very soft Mineral that is --- a basic silicate of magnesium. -fun Talc : Class ; -fun Talc_Class : SubClass Talc Mineral ; - --- TemperateClimateZone is the --- subclass of ClimateZone whose warmest month has an average --- temperature greater than 10 degrees Celsius and whose coolest month --- has an average temperature between 18 degrees and _3 degrees Celsius. --- This is Class C in the Koeppen climate system. -fun TemperateClimateZone : Class ; -fun TemperateClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateClimateZone ClimateZone ; - -fun TemperateHardwoodForest : Class ; -fun TemperateHardwoodForest_Class : SubClass TemperateHardwoodForest (both Biome Forest) ; - -fun TemperateRainForest : Class ; -fun TemperateRainForest_Class : SubClass TemperateRainForest (both RainForest TemperateHardwoodForest) ; - --- TemperateSummerDryClimateZone is the subclass of TemperateClimateZone --- that is characterized by dry summers, and in which the wettest winter month --- has at least three times the moisture of the driest summer month. The --- driest month has less than an average of 30 mm of precipitation. Koeppen --- climate system type 'Cs'. -fun TemperateSummerDryClimateZone : Class ; -fun TemperateSummerDryClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateSummerDryClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; - --- TemperateWinterDryClimateZone is a subclass of TemperateClimateZone --- characterized by having at least 10 times as much precipitation in the --- wettest summer month as in the driest winter month. Koeppen climate --- system type 'Cw'. -fun TemperateWinterDryClimateZone : Class ; -fun TemperateWinterDryClimateZone_Class : SubClass TemperateWinterDryClimateZone TemperateClimateZone ; - --- TerrainAttribute is a class of --- Attributes that describe terrain. -fun TerrainAttribute : Class ; -fun TerrainAttribute_Class : SubClass TerrainAttribute InternalAttribute ; - --- TerritorialSea is the class --- of contiguous waters over which a GeopoliticalArea claims --- jurisdiction in accordance with the United Nations Convention --- on the LawOfTheSea (LOS), Part II. A territorial sea may be --- up to 12 miles (NauticalMiles) in breadth. A subclass of --- MaritimeClaimArea. -fun TerritorialSea : Class ; -fun TerritorialSea_Class : SubClass TerritorialSea (both MaritimeClaimArea SaltWaterArea) ; - - --- (TerritorialSeaFn ?POLITY) denotes --- the TerritorialSea that is claimed by the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. -fun TerritorialSeaFn : El GeopoliticalArea -> Ind TerritorialSea ; - - -fun ThrustFault : Class ; -fun ThrustFault_Class : SubClass ThrustFault DipSlipFault ; -fun Thunderstorm : Class ; -fun Thunderstorm_Class : SubClass Thunderstorm WeatherProcess ; --- A TidalBore is an unusally high, fast tidal --- inflow from the sea, resulting from a high volume of water rushing from --- a wide_mouthed bay or Estuary into narrower landward areas. -fun TidalBore : Class ; -fun TidalBore_Class : SubClass TidalBore LittoralCurrent ; - --- TidalEbb is the subclass of WaterCurrents --- that are temporary and variable, but regular, currents of ocean water --- flowing seaward up to and during the time of low tide. Alternating with --- TidalFlow. -fun TidalEbb : Class ; -fun TidalEbb_Class : SubClass TidalEbb LittoralCurrent ; - --- TidalFlow is the subclass of WaterCurrents --- that are temporary and variable, but regular, currents of ocean water --- flowing landward up to and during the time of high tide. Alternating --- with TidalEbb. -fun TidalFlow : Class ; -fun TidalFlow_Class : SubClass TidalFlow LittoralCurrent ; - --- TidalProcess is the class of daily --- recurring events in which the water level in a BodyOfWater rises --- and falls with the changing position between Earth and the Moon. -fun TidalProcess : Class ; -fun TidalProcess_Class : SubClass TidalProcess InternalChange ; - --- A Tide is a vertical movement of the water level --- in a BodyOfWater due to the gravitational attraction between Earth and --- the moon. Tides are diurnally recurrent events. In most regions with --- tides, every day there are two high tides and two low tides. MixedTide --- represents a process in which the tides at either extreme are unequal. -fun Tide : Class ; -fun Tide_Class : SubClass Tide (both FlowRegion SaltWaterArea) ; - - -fun Tornado : Class ; -fun Tornado_Class : SubClass Tornado WeatherProcess ; -fun ToxicChemicalPollutionIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - -fun ToxicWasteDisposalIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - --- TreatyDocument is the subclass of --- Texts that represent written agreements between Nations. -fun TreatyDocument : Class ; -fun TreatyDocument_Class : SubClass TreatyDocument Text ; - --- TropicalClimateZone is a --- subclass of ClimateZone in which the average temperature of the --- coldest month is greater than 18 degrees Celsius. This is Class --- 'A' in the Koeppen climate classification system. -fun TropicalClimateZone : Class ; -fun TropicalClimateZone_Class : SubClass TropicalClimateZone ClimateZone ; - --- TropicalCyclone is the class of --- CyclonicStorms that occur in the Tropics and typically have --- rotational winds of hurricane force (74 mph or higher). -fun TropicalCyclone : Class ; -fun TropicalCyclone_Class : SubClass TropicalCyclone CyclonicStorm ; - -fun TropicalRainForest : Class ; -fun TropicalRainForest_Class : SubClass TropicalRainForest RainForest ; -fun TropicalTimber83Agreement : Ind Agreement ; - -fun TropicalTimber94Agreement : Ind Agreement ; - --- The Tropics is the region of --- PlanetEarth that lies between approximately 23 and one half degrees --- North latitude and 23 and one half degrees South latitude, --- encircling the globe. 'The Tropics'. See also TropicArea. -fun Tropics : Ind GeographicArea ; - - --- Tsunami is the class of highly destructive --- ocean waves caused by offshore seismic processes. -fun Tsunami : Class ; -fun Tsunami_Class : SubClass Tsunami WeatherProcess ; - --- Tundra is a subclass of flat, treeless Plains --- areas lying within the ArcticRegion. Subsoil in Tundra is permanently --- frozen. -fun Tundra : Class ; -fun Tundra_Class : SubClass Tundra (both ArcticRegion (both Biome Plain)) ; - - --- TundraClimateZone is a subclass of --- PolarClimateZone characterized by having an average temperature --- above zero degrees Celsius (but below 10 degrees) in the warmest month. --- Koeppen subtype 'ET'. -fun TundraClimateZone : Class ; -fun TundraClimateZone_Class : SubClass TundraClimateZone PolarClimateZone ; - -fun Typhoon : Class ; -fun Typhoon_Class : SubClass Typhoon TropicalCyclone ; -fun UVLevelsIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- The class of regions located Below the surface of the earth. -fun UndergroundArea : Class ; -fun UndergroundArea_Class : SubClass UndergroundArea GeographicArea ; - -fun UnexplodedOrdinanceIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- A UniformPerimeterArea is one --- that has a defined uniform width. -fun UniformPerimeterArea : Class ; -fun UniformPerimeterArea_Class : SubClass UniformPerimeterArea PerimeterArea ; - --- Uphill is a PositionalAttribute that --- describes the relation between two things, one of which is located --- up a slope from the other. -fun Uphill : Ind PositionalAttribute ; - - --- An UplandArea is a LandArea elevated above the surrounding --- terrain. -fun UplandArea : Class ; -fun UplandArea_Class : SubClass UplandArea LandForm ; - -fun Upstream : Ind PositionalAttribute ; - --- Upwind is a PositionalAttribute that indicates relative position --- upwind (windward) with respect to the direction that the Wind is --- blowing. -fun Upwind : Ind PositionalAttribute ; - - -fun UrbanizationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- A Valley is an area of low_lying land flanked by --- higher ground. Valleys typically contain a stream or river flowing along the valley floor. -fun Valley : Class ; -fun Valley_Class : SubClass Valley (both LandForm LowlandArea) ; - - -fun VehicleEmissionsIssue : Ind PollutionIssue ; - --- VehicularPollution is the --- subclass of Pollution in which the pollutants are vehicle emissions. -fun VehicularPollution : Class ; -fun VehicularPollution_Class : SubClass VehicularPollution Pollution ; - --- Veldt is a subclass of Grasslands which have --- scattered shrubs or trees. -fun Veldt : Class ; -fun Veldt_Class : SubClass Veldt (both Grassland Plain) ; - - --- A VolcanicCone is a hill of lava or --- pyroclastics surrounding a volcanic vent. Not as high as a --- VolcanicMountain. -fun VolcanicCone : Class ; -fun VolcanicCone_Class : SubClass VolcanicCone (both Hill Volcano) ; - - --- VolcanicEruption is the subclass of --- GeologicalProcesses in which Volcanoes erupt. -fun VolcanicEruption : Class ; -fun VolcanicEruption_Class : SubClass VolcanicEruption GeologicalProcess ; - -fun VolcanicGasRelease : Class ; -fun VolcanicGasRelease_Class : SubClass VolcanicGasRelease VolcanicEruption ; --- A VolcanicMountain is a cone_shaped --- mountain formed out of rock or ash thrown up from inside the earth, --- frequently with an opening or depression at the top. -fun VolcanicMountain : Class ; -fun VolcanicMountain_Class : SubClass VolcanicMountain (both Mountain Volcano) ; - - -fun VolcanicallyActive : Ind VolcanoStatus ; - -fun VolcanicallyDormant : Ind VolcanoStatus ; - -fun VolcanicallyExtinct : Ind VolcanoStatus ; - --- A Volcano in the broadest sense, i.e., a region --- containing a vent through which magmous and/or pyroclastic materials are --- passed from the interior of the Earth to its surface (atmospheric or --- underwater). -fun Volcano : Class ; -fun Volcano_Class : SubClass Volcano LandForm ; - -fun VolcanoStatus : Class ; -fun VolcanoStatus_Class : SubClass VolcanoStatus InternalAttribute ; --- WarmFront is the class of transitional --- weather processes occurring between a warm air mass that is advancing --- upon a cool air mass. -fun WarmFront : Class ; -fun WarmFront_Class : SubClass WarmFront WeatherFront ; - -fun WaterBorneDiseaseIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- WaterCatchment is the subclass of --- Artifacts used to capture rainwater or runoff as a source --- of Freshwater. -fun WaterCatchment : Class ; -fun WaterCatchment_Class : SubClass WaterCatchment Artifact ; - --- WaterCurrent is a subclass of FlowRegions --- consisting of moving water, especially those currents found within a --- well_identified area and having an established pattern of movement, such --- as an OceanCurrent, a RipTide, or a River. WaterCurrent is --- disjoint with StaticWaterArea. As a consequence, Lakes for example --- cannot be FlowRegions, however, currents may be present in a lake. -fun WaterCurrent : Class ; -fun WaterCurrent_Class : SubClass WaterCurrent (both FlowRegion WaterArea) ; - - -fun WaterInfrastructureIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun WaterManagementIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- WaterOnlyArea is a subclass of --- GeographicArea that is restricted to regions whose surface is water. --- A WaterOnlyArea may be a discontinuous region overlapping a larger, --- continuous GeographicArea but excluding any LandAreas enclosed therein. --- Dry land areas, including islands, are not part of any WaterOnlyArea. -fun WaterOnlyArea : Class ; -fun WaterOnlyArea_Class : SubClass WaterOnlyArea GeographicArea ; - -fun WaterOverutilization : Class ; -fun WaterOverutilization_Class : SubClass WaterOverutilization SocialInteraction ; --- WaterPollution is the subclass --- of Pollution processes in which Water is the polluted substance. -fun WaterPollution : Class ; -fun WaterPollution_Class : SubClass WaterPollution Pollution ; - -fun WaterPollutionIssue : Ind EnvironmentalWaterIssue ; - --- Waterfall is the subclass of StreamWaterAreas where running water --- falls steeply downhill. -fun Waterfall : Class ; -fun Waterfall_Class : SubClass Waterfall StreamWaterArea ; - --- A WatershedDivide is a summit area, or --- narrow tract of higher ground that constitutes the watershed boundary --- between two adjacent drainage basins, it divides the surface waters that --- flow naturally in one direction from those that flow in the opposite --- direction. -fun WatershedDivide : Class ; -fun WatershedDivide_Class : SubClass WatershedDivide (both LandArea UplandArea) ; - - -fun Waterspout : Class ; -fun Waterspout_Class : SubClass Waterspout WeatherProcess ; --- WeatherFront is the class of weather --- processes that are involve relationships between two air masses, such --- as a high pressure weather system or a low pressure system. -fun WeatherFront : Class ; -fun WeatherFront_Class : SubClass WeatherFront WeatherProcess ; - --- WeatherSeason is the class of seasonal --- processes that are characterized by various weather patterns. --- WeatherSeasons may recur on a regular annual basis, on a different --- pattern, or irregularly. -fun WeatherSeason : Class ; -fun WeatherSeason_Class : SubClass WeatherSeason WeatherProcess ; - --- WeatherSystem is the class of --- large_scale atmospheric processes that influence weather in a region --- for 2_5 days. -fun WeatherSystem : Class ; -fun WeatherSystem_Class : SubClass WeatherSystem WeatherProcess ; - -fun WesternAfrica : Ind GeographicArea ; - -fun WesternEurope : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- The half of the Earth that includes North --- and South America. -fun WesternHemisphere : Ind Hemisphere ; - - -fun WesternSouthAmerica : Ind GeographicArea ; - --- WetTropicalClimateZone is --- the subclass of TropicalClimateZone that is characterized by having --- no dry months. At least 60 mm of rainfall occur in the driest month. --- This is subtype 'Af' in the Koeppen climate system. -fun WetTropicalClimateZone : Class ; -fun WetTropicalClimateZone_Class : SubClass WetTropicalClimateZone TropicalClimateZone ; - -fun WetlandDegradationIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - -fun WetlandsConvention : Ind Agreement ; - -fun WhalingConvention : Ind Agreement ; - -fun WildlifePoachingIssue : Ind EnvironmentalIssue ; - --- WindFlow is the class of variable AirStreams --- that are in the EarthsAtmosphere. -fun WindFlow : Class ; -fun WindFlow_Class : SubClass WindFlow AirStream ; - -fun WindProcess : Class ; -fun WindProcess_Class : SubClass WindProcess WeatherProcess ; -fun Windstorm : Class ; -fun Windstorm_Class : SubClass Windstorm WindProcess ; --- The WorldOcean is the collective mass of --- sea water that covers 70% of the surface of PlanetEarth, surrounding --- all of its dry land areas. Earth's individual Oceans are parts of --- the WorldOcean. -fun WorldOcean : Ind (both SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) ; - - -fun Zud : Class ; -fun Zud_Class : SubClass Zud WeatherProcess ; --- (airTemperature ?AREA ?TEMP) means that the temperature of the --- air at ?AREA is ?TEMP. Temperature may be expressed in units of --- TemperatureMeasure, including CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, --- among others. -fun airTemperature : El Object -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (arableLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) --- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has ?AMOUNT of land under --- cultivation with crops that are replanted after each harvest. ?AMOUNT --- may be expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. --- Cf. permanentCropLandArea. -fun arableLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (averagePrecipitationForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means --- that at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration --- ?PERIOD, the average daily precipitation was ?AMOUNT. -fun averagePrecipitationForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (averageRainfallForPeriod ?AREA ?MO ?AMOUNT) --- means that ?AREA receives ?AMOUNT of rain in month ?MO in an average --- year. Note that ?AMOUNT is a linear measure indicating the depth of water that --- would accumulate over ?AREA if all water were captured. -fun averageRainfallForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El Month -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (averageTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that --- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration --- ?PERIOD, the average daily temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature --- may be expressed in some UnitOfTemperature, including --- CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, among others. -fun averageTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (bioindicatorForHabitat ?AREA ?SPECIES) means that the health --- of the individuals in ?SPECIES indicates the condition of their --- habitat in the GeographicArea ?AREA. -fun bioindicatorForHabitat: El GeographicArea -> Desc OrganicObject -> Formula ; - - --- (claimedTerritory ?AREA ?POLITY) --- means that some right over the GeographicArea ?AREA is claimed by --- the Agent or GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY. If two politically independent --- states or agents claim the same area, that area is a 'disputed --- territory'. -fun claimedTerritory : El GeographicArea -> El Agent -> Formula ; - - --- (climateTypeInArea ?TYPE ?REGION) --- means that all or part of the GeographicArea ?REGION is of the --- ClimateZone ?TYPE. -fun climateTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc ClimateZone -> Formula ; - - --- (cloudCoverFraction ?AREA ?AMOUNT) --- means that in the Region ?AREA, the fraction ?AMOUNT of the sky is --- covered with clouds. -fun cloudCoverFraction : El Region -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; - - --- (coldSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the cold season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. -fun coldSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (connectedDownstream ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) --- means that ?OBJ1 is connected, remotely or immediately, with ?OBJ2 along --- a directed system such as a RiverSystem. -fun connectedDownstream : El Object -> El Object -> Formula ; - - --- (coolSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the cool season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (coolSeasonInArea --- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn May October -fun coolSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (courseWRTCompassNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course --- heading from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING in AngularDegrees, with --- the reference point of 000 degrees North as measured by compass on --- or at ?OBJ1. -fun courseWRTCompassNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (courseWRTMagneticNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course --- heading from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING in AngularDegrees, with --- the reference point of 000 degrees being the magnetic North pole. -fun courseWRTMagneticNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (courseWRTTrueNorth ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?HEADING) means that the course --- heading or track from ?OBJ1 to ?OBJ2 is ?HEADING, in AngularDegrees, --- with the reference point of 000 degrees being true North. -fun courseWRTTrueNorth : El Physical -> El Physical -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (dateOpenedForSignature ?PROP ?DATE) means that as of a date --- indicated by ?DATE, document(s) may officially be signed (by the --- appropriate agents) to effect commitments to the Agreement ?PROP. -fun dateOpenedForSignature: El Proposition -> Desc TimePosition -> Formula ; - - --- (daylightHoursInterval ?PLACE ?DAY ?INTERVAL) means that in the --- Region ?PLACE, on the Day indicated by ?DAY, there is daylight --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. -fun daylightHoursInterval: El Region -> Desc Day -> El TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (daylightHoursTotal ?PLACE ?DAY ?TIME) means that in the Region --- ?PLACE, on the Day indicated by ?DAY, there is daylight for a --- total TimeDuration ?LENGTH. -fun daylightHoursTotal: El Region -> Desc Day -> El TimeDuration -> Formula ; - - --- (dependentGeopoliticalArea --- ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is a geopolitical possession of the --- GeopoliticalArea ?AREA2 and is not a geopoliticalSubdivision of --- ?AREA2. For example, (dependentGeopoliticalArea Guam UnitedStates), --- because Guam is a territory of the UnitedStates, not one of the fifty --- U.S. states. Contrast primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision. -fun dependentGeopoliticalArea : El GeographicArea -> El Agent -> Formula ; - - --- (drySeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the dry season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (drySeasonInArea --- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn May October)). -fun drySeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- The altitude of an object --- above the sea level of PlanetEarth -fun earthAltitude : El Physical -> El Physical -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (elevation ?OBJECT ?HEIGHT) means that the --- physical Object ?OBJECT is located on the surface of PlanetEarth --- at the vertical distance ?HEIGHT above (or below, for a negative --- quantity) SeaLevel. ?OBJECT may be a superficialPart of Earth's --- surface, such as a GeographicArea. Elevation is measured from --- SeaLevel to the vertical top of the object. -fun elevation : El Object -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (environmentalProblemTypeInArea ?AREA ?PROBLEM) means that --- objects or processes of type ?PROBLEM is an environmental --- problem in the GeographicArea ?AREA. -fun environmentalProblemTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Physical -> Formula ; - - --- The relation between WaterMotion Processes --- and the region in which they occur continuously over at least hours, but --- typically months or years. A water balloon bursting and flowing downhill --- would not use this relation, because there would be no StreamWaterArea --- to relate to. -fun flowCurrent : El WaterMotion -> El WaterArea -> Formula ; - - --- (groundSubsurfaceType ?area ?subsoil) --- means that the predominant Substance in the subsoil or subsurface layer of --- the LandArea ?area is of type ?subsoil. -fun groundSubsurfaceType: El LandArea -> Desc Substance -> Formula ; - - --- (%&groundSurfaceType ?area ?substance) means --- that the predominant Substance at the ground surface of the LandArea ?area is ?substance. -fun groundSurfaceType: El LandArea -> Desc Substance -> Formula ; - - --- (headingWRTCompassNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) --- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in --- the direction ?DEGREE, according to the compass carried by ?OBJ. -fun headingWRTCompassNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (headingWRTMagneticNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) --- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in --- the direction ?DEGREE, with respect to magnetic North. -fun headingWRTMagneticNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (headingWRTTrueNorth ?OBJ ?DEGREE) --- means that the front_to_back axis of the Object ?OBJ points in --- the direction ?DEGREE, with respect to true North. -fun headingWRTTrueNorth : El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (highAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind --- blowing above 25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. -fun highAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (highAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the --- Wind blowing above 25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED --- and is moving toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. -fun highAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (highTide ?PLACE ?TIME ?AMOUNT) means that --- there is a HighTide at the Region ?PLACE at the TimeInterval ?TIME --- with the relative height ?AMOUNT. The height is given in relation to --- the datum on a standard chart. -fun highTide : El Region -> El TimeInterval -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (highestTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that --- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, --- the highest temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature may be expressed --- in some UnitOfTemperature, including CelsiusDegree and --- FahrenheitDegree, among others. -fun highestTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (hotSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the hot season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (hotSeasonInArea --- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn November April)). -fun hotSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (irrigatedLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) --- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has the ?AMOUNT of irrigated land. --- ?AMOUNT may be expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. -fun irrigatedLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (landAreaOnly ?REGION ?MEASURE) means --- that the total area(s) of solid ground within the GeographicArea --- ?REGION has the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. The pieces of solid ground need --- not be continuous within the region. -fun landAreaOnly : El GeographicArea -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (lowAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind blowing --- between 500_10,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. Wind speed --- may be expressed in knots (KnotUnitOfSpeed) or as any distance per --- time unit (using (SpeedFn ?DISTANCE ?TIME)). -fun lowAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (lowAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?DIRECTION) means that the --- low_altitude Wind blowing at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED and comes --- from the compass point ?DIRECTION. Low_altitude wind is wind blowing --- between 500_10,000 feet. -fun lowAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (lowTide ?PLACE ?TIME ?AMOUNT) means that --- there is a LowTide at the Region ?PLACE at the TimeInterval ?TIME --- with the relative height ?AMOUNT. The height is given in relation to --- the datum on a standard chart. -fun lowTide : El Region -> El TimeInterval -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (lowestTemperatureForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that --- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, --- the highest temperature was ?AMOUNT. Temperature may be expressed --- in some UnitOfTemperature, including CelsiusDegree and --- FahrenheitDegree, among others. -fun lowestTemperatureForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El TemperatureMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (magneticVariation ?AREA ?DEGREE ?DIRECTION) means that in the --- GeographicArea ?AREA, the magnetic variation of a compass from --- 000 degrees true is ?DEGREE AngularDegrees in ?DIRECTION (East --- or West). -fun magneticVariation : El GeographicArea -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (mapOfArea ?AREA ?POINTER) means that a map --- of the Region ?AREA can be found at the location ?POINTER. -fun mapOfArea : El Region -> El SymbolicString -> Formula ; - - --- (maritimeClaimType ?POLITY ?TYPE) --- means that the GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY claims rights over a --- MaritimeClaimArea of ?TYPE. -fun maritimeClaimType: El GeopoliticalArea -> Desc MaritimeClaimArea -> Formula ; - - --- (meanSeaLevel ?place ?measure) means that the Mean Sea --- Level (MSL) at ?place is ?measure. ?measure is a distance representing the sea level --- at ?place measured against a benchmark (and averaged over a long time). MSL is measured --- by tide gauges for maritime purposes, while geodesists use the difference between the --- local sea surface and an ideal level ocean surface (the geoid). -fun meanSeaLevel : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (mediumAltitudeWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) means that the Wind --- blowing between 10,000_25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of ?RATE. -fun mediumAltitudeWindSpeed : El Object -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (mediumAltitudeWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the --- Wind blowing between 10,000_25,000 feet at ?PLACE has a speed of --- ?SPEED and is moving toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. -fun mediumAltitudeWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (naturalHazardTypeInArea ?AREA ?TYPE) means that in the --- GeographicArea ?AREA, Processes of ?TYPE occur with some --- frequency and may cause damage or danger to human lives and property. -fun naturalHazardTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Physical -> Formula ; - - --- (naturalResourceTypeInArea ?REGION ?TYPE) means that the --- GeographicArea ?REGION has resources of the kind ?TYPE. -fun naturalResourceTypeInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc Object -> Formula ; - - --- (objectGeographicCoordinates ?OBJECT ?LAT ?LONG) means that --- the Object ?OBJECT is found at the geographic coordinates --- ?LAT and ?LONG. -fun objectGeographicCoordinates : El Object -> El Latitude -> El Longitude -> Formula ; - - --- (oppositeDirection ?DIR1 ?DIR2) --- means that the PositionalAttribute ?DIR1 points in the compass --- direction opposite to the DirectionalAttribute ?DIR2. -fun oppositeDirection : El PositionalAttribute -> El PositionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (orbits ?SATELLITE ?FOCUS) means that the Object --- ?SATELLITE revolves around the AstronomicalBody ?FOCUS. -fun orbits : El Object -> El AstronomicalBody -> Formula ; - - --- This predicate is used to represent information from the CIA --- World Fact Book. (otherLandUseArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that --- in the GeographicArea ?REGION, the ?AMOUNT of land has some --- use other than planting seasonal or permanent crops. ?AMOUNT may be --- expressed in physical units or with a percent or fraction. See also --- arableLandArea and permanentLandArea. -fun otherLandUseArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (overcastDaysInPeriod ?AREA ?PERIOD ?NUMBER) means that during the --- time ?PERIOD, the GeographicArea ?AREA experienced ?NUMBER of --- OvercastWeather days. -fun overcastDaysInPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; - - --- (partyToAgreement ?AGENT ?PROP) --- means that the Agent ?AGENT has committed to the agreement ?PROP. -fun partyToAgreement : El Agent -> El Proposition -> Formula ; - - --- (permanentCropLandArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that the GeographicArea --- ?REGION has ?AMOUNT of land under cultivation with crops that are not --- replanted after each harvest. This includes orchards, vineyards, coffee --- and rubber plantations. Timberland is excluded. ?AMOUNT may be expressed --- in physical units or with a percent or fraction. Cf. permanentCropLandArea. -fun permanentCropLandArea : El GeographicArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (precipitationAmount ?EVENT ?AMOUNT) means that in the --- Precipitation process ?EVENT, the quantity of precipitation --- that fell was ?AMOUNT. -fun precipitationAmount : El Precipitation -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (precipitationRate ?EVENT ?RATE) means that in the --- Precipitation ?EVENT, the precipitation falls at a rate --- of ?RATE. -fun precipitationRate : El Precipitation -> El FunctionQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (precipitationState ?EVENT ?STATE) means that in the Precipitation --- ?EVENT, the stuff falling is in the PhysicalState ?STATE (e.g., --- Liquid or Solid ice). -fun precipitationState : El WeatherProcess -> El PhysicalState -> Formula ; - - --- (rainySeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the rainy or wet season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. For example, (rainySeasonInArea --- Angola (RecurringTimeIntervalFn November April)). -fun rainySeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (regionalIssue ?AREA ?ISSUE) means --- that the AreaOfConcern ?ISSUE is relevant to a problem in the --- GeographicArea ?AREA. -fun regionalIssue : El GeographicArea -> El AreaOfConcern -> Formula ; - - --- (relativeBearing ?OBJ1?OBJ2 ?DEGREES) --- means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 are separated by the amount ?DEGREES of --- PlaneAngleMeasure. -fun relativeBearing : El Object -> El Object -> El PlaneAngleMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (relativeHumidity ?AREA ?AMOUNT) --- means that the amount of moisture in the air at ?AREA is ?AMOUNT. --- Relative humidity expresses the amount of moisture as a percentage, --- or ratio, between the actual moisture saturation of the air compared --- to the potential moisture saturation of the air. At full (potential) --- saturation, precipitation would occur. -fun relativeHumidity : El Object -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; - - --- (seaSurfaceTemperature ?AREA ?TEMP) means that the --- temperature of the sea surface at ?AREA is ?TEMP. --- Temperature may be expressed in some UnitOfTemperature, --- including CelsiusDegree and FahrenheitDegree, among others. -fun seaSurfaceTemperature : El WaterArea -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- The length of the boundary --- between two GeographicRegions. -fun sharedBorderLength : El GeographicRegion -> El GeographicRegion -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (slopeGradient ?AREA ?SLOPE) means that --- in the LandArea ?AREA there is an incline of ?slope, where ?SLOPE is --- the percent of vertical rise over horizontal distance. slopeGradient --- gives an approximate value for nonzero slope over ?AREA, without regard --- to orientation. For example, (slopeGradient ?AREA 0.10) means that --- there is a 10% incline across the area, without specifying the --- orientation in which the land rises or falls. Also see --- slopeGradientTowardsOrientation. -fun slopeGradient : El LandArea -> El NonnegativeRealNumber -> Formula ; - - --- (slopeGradientTowardsOrientation ?AREA ?DIRECTION ?SLOPE) means that --- in the LandArea ?AREA, there is an incline of ?SLOPE towards the --- DirectionalAttribute ?DIRECTION. ?SLOPE is a RationalNumber --- representing the percent of vertical rise over horizontal distance. -fun slopeGradientTowardsOrientation : El LandArea -> El DirectionalAttribute -> El RationalNumber -> Formula ; - - --- (streamOutfall ?WATER ?RIVER) means that --- the WaterArea ?MOUTH is the outfall of the River ?RIVER. -fun streamOutfall : El WaterArea -> El River -> Formula ; - - --- (surfaceWindDirection ?PLACE ?DIRECTION) means that at ?PLACE --- the wind is coming from the compass point ?DIRECTION. For example, --- (surfaceWindDirection SanFranciscoBay Northwest) means that the --- wind in San Francisco Bay is coming from the Northwest. The wind is --- within 500 feet of Earth's surface. -fun surfaceWindDirection : El Object -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (surfaceWindSpeed ?PLACE ?RATE) --- means that the speed of the surface Wind at the GeographicArea --- ?PLACE is ?RATE. Wind speed may be expressed in knots (KnotUnitOfSpeed) --- or as any distance per time unit (using (SpeedFn ?DISTANCE ?TIME)). --- Surface wind is found at the surface of the planet, everyday wind. --- Technically, Winds moving through the atmosphere up to an altitude --- of 500 feet. -fun surfaceWindSpeed : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (surfaceWindVelocity ?PLACE ?SPEED ?TOWARD) means that the --- surface Wind blowing at ?PLACE has a speed of ?SPEED and is moving --- toward the DirectionalAttribute ?TOWARD. Surface wind is found at the --- surface of the planet, everyday wind. Technically, Winds moving --- through the atmosphere up to an altitude of 500 feet. -fun surfaceWindVelocity : El Object -> El PhysicalQuantity -> El DirectionalAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (terrainInArea ?AREA ?ATTRIBUTE) --- means that the GeographicArea ?AREA is or includes a region with --- the features of TerrainArea ?ATTRIBUTE. -fun terrainInArea : El GeographicArea -> El TerrainAttribute -> Formula ; - - --- (totalArea ?REGION ?AMOUNT) means that --- the total area of ?REGION is the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. -fun totalArea : El Region -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (totalBiomass ?PLACE ?MASS) means that the --- total amount (in weight or volume) of living matter in the Region --- ?PLACE is ?MASS. -fun totalBiomass : El GeographicArea -> El PhysicalQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (totalCoastline ?AREA ?COASTLENGTH) --- means that the total length of all boundaries between the GeographicArea --- ?AREA and the ocean is the LengthMeasure ?COASTLENGTH. The coastline --- counted may be discontinuous and may even be along different oceans (as --- in Columbia). A totalCoastline of zero indicates a LandlockedArea. --- Note that only Ocean coastlines are counted, not any shores with inland --- waters. -fun totalCoastline : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (totalLandBoundary ?REGION ?LENGTH) --- means that the GeographicArea ?REGION has a total LengthMeasure --- ?LENGTH of land boundaries between it and other countries. Note that --- the boundaries included in the total length may be discontinuous, as when --- interrupted by stretches of Seacoast. -fun totalLandBoundary : El GeographicArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (totalPrecipitationForPeriod ?PLACE ?PERIOD ?AMOUNT) means that --- at the GeographicArea ?PLACE, and during the TimeDuration ?PERIOD, --- the total amount of precipitation was ?AMOUNT. -fun totalPrecipitationForPeriod : El GeographicArea -> El TimeDuration -> El ConstantQuantity -> Formula ; - - --- (unratifiedSignatoryToAgreement ?AGENT ?PROP) means that --- the Agent ?AGENT has signed a document to begin the process of --- committing to the Agreement ?PROP, but that a ratification --- process required to complete the commitment has not yet occurred. -fun unratifiedSignatoryToAgreement : El Agent -> El Proposition -> Formula ; - - --- (vegetationType ?area ?type) associates --- a particular GeographicArea with a type of Plant that is found there. -fun vegetationType : El GeographicArea -> Desc Plant -> Formula ; - - --- (vegetationTypePattern ?AREA ?TYPE ?DENSITY) means that in the --- GeographicArea ?AREA the Plant ?TYPE is found with ?DENSITY. -fun vegetationTypePattern: El GeographicArea -> Desc Plant -> El Attribute -> Formula ; - - --- (warmSeasonInArea ?AREA ?INTERVAL) --- means that in the GeographicArea ?AREA, the warm season occurs --- during the TimeInterval ?INTERVAL. -fun warmSeasonInArea: El GeographicArea -> Desc TimeInterval -> Formula ; - - --- (waterAreaOnly ?REGION ?MEASURE) means --- that the total area(s) of surface water within the GeographicArea --- ?REGION has the AreaMeasure ?AMOUNT. The pieces of water need not be --- continuous within the region. -fun waterAreaOnly : El GeographicArea -> El AreaMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (waterDepth ?AREA ?LENGTH) means that the --- depth of water at the Region ?AREA is ?LENGTH. -fun waterDepth : El WaterArea -> El LengthMeasure -> Formula ; - - --- (windRelativePosition ?OBJECT ?POSITION) means that the Wind blows --- at ?OBJECT from the relative vector ?POSITION. E.g., Crosswind, --- Headwind, Tailwind. -fun windRelativePosition : El Object -> El Attribute -> Formula ; } -- cgit v1.2.3