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-rw-r--r--library/relation/closure.tex3
-rw-r--r--library/relation/equivalence.tex94
2 files changed, 74 insertions, 23 deletions
diff --git a/library/relation/closure.tex b/library/relation/closure.tex
index 8eebf08..0734685 100644
--- a/library/relation/closure.tex
+++ b/library/relation/closure.tex
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
\begin{proposition}\label{reflexive_closure_is_reflexive}
$\reflexiveClosure{X}{R}$ is reflexive on $X$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{reflexive_closure,reflexive_on,union_iff,id_iff}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{definition}\label{reflexive_reduction}
$\reflexiveReduction{X}{R} = R\setminus\identity{X}$.
diff --git a/library/relation/equivalence.tex b/library/relation/equivalence.tex
index f8b1ba7..896ca57 100644
--- a/library/relation/equivalence.tex
+++ b/library/relation/equivalence.tex
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
Let $E$ be a partial equivalence.
Then $E$ is quasireflexive.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{quasireflexive,symmetric,transitive}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{abbreviation}\label{equivalence}
$E$ is an equivalence iff
@@ -88,6 +91,12 @@
Then $\equivalenceClass{E}{a} = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
+ We have for all $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$
+ we have $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
+ by \cref{downward_closure_iff,transitive}.
+ We have for all $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
+ we have $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$
+ by \cref{downward_closure_iff,symmetric,transitive}.
Follows by set extensionality.
\end{proof}
@@ -97,12 +106,20 @@
Suppose $\equivalenceClass{E}{a} = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
Then $a\mathrel{E} b$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ $a\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ by \cref{equivclasses_inhabited_equivalenceon}.
+ Thus $a\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
+ Follows by \cref{downward_closure_iff}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{equiv_iff_equivclasses_eq}
Let $E$ be an equivalence on $A$.
Let $a, b\in A$.
Then $a\mathrel{E} b$ iff $\equivalenceClass{E}{a} = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{equiv_implies_equivanlence_classes_eq,equivclasses_eq_implies_equiv}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{equivclasses_diseq_implies_disjoint}
Let $E$ be a partial equivalence.
@@ -110,21 +127,28 @@
Then $\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ is disjoint from $\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- Suppose not.
- Take $c$ such that $c\in \equivalenceClass{E}{a},\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
- Then $c\mathrel{E} a$ and
- $c\mathrel{E} b$.
- $E$ is symmetric.
- Thus $a\mathrel{E} c$ by \hyperref[symmetric]{symmetry}.
- $E$ is transitive.
- Thus $a\mathrel{E} b$ by \hyperref[transitive]{transitivity}.
- Then $b\mathrel{E} a$ by \hyperref[symmetric]{symmetry}.
- %
- Thus $a\in \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$ and $b\in \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$
- by \cref{downward_closure_iff}.
- Hence $\equivalenceClass{E}{a}\subseteq \equivalenceClass{E}{b}\subseteq \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$
- by \cref{transitive_downward_subseteq}.
- Contradiction by \cref{subseteq_antisymmetric}.
+ Show there exists no $c$ such that
+ $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ and
+ $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
+ \begin{subproof}
+ Assume there exists a set $c$ such that
+ $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ and
+ $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
+ Take $c$ such that $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ and
+ $c\in\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$ by assumption.
+ We have $c\mathrel{E}a$ and $c\mathrel{E}b$
+ by \cref{downward_closure_iff}.
+ Thus $a\mathrel{E}c$ and $b\mathrel{E}c$ by \cref{symmetric}.
+ Thus $a\mathrel{E}b$ and $b\mathrel{E}a$ by \cref{transitive}.
+ Hence $\equivalenceClass{E}{a}\subseteq\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
+ by \cref{downward_closure_iff,transitive_downward_subseteq}.
+ We have $\equivalenceClass{E}{b}\subseteq\equivalenceClass{E}{a}$
+ by \cref{downward_closure_iff,transitive_downward_subseteq}.
+ Thus $\equivalenceClass{E}{a}=\equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
+ by \cref{subseteq_antisymmetric}.
+ Contradiction by assumption.
+ \end{subproof}
+ Follows by \cref{disjoint}.
\end{proof}
\begin{corollary}\label{equivalence_equivclasses_diseq_implies_disjoint}
@@ -159,6 +183,13 @@
\begin{proposition}\label{quotient_emptyset}
$\quotient{\emptyset}{\emptyset} = \emptyset$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ We have for all $C\in\quotient{\emptyset}{\emptyset}$
+ we have $C\in\emptyset$ by \cref{quotient,emptyset}.
+ We have for all $C\in\emptyset$
+ we have $C\in\quotient{\emptyset}{\emptyset}$ by \cref{emptyset}.
+ Follows by set extensionality.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{quotient_elems_disjoint}
@@ -167,8 +198,8 @@
Then $B$ is disjoint from $C$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- Take $b$ such that $B = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$.
- Take $c$ such that $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{c}$.
+ Take $b$ such that $b\in A$ and $B = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$ by \cref{quotient}.
+ Take $c$ such that $c\in A$ and $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{c}$ by \cref{quotient}.
Then $B$ is disjoint from $C$ by \cref{equivalenceon_equivclasses_diseq_implies_disjoint}.
\end{proof}
@@ -178,8 +209,8 @@
Then $C$ is inhabited.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- Take $a\in A$ such that $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$.
- Then $a\in \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$.
+ Take $a$ such that $a\in A$ and $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ by \cref{quotient}.
+ Then $a\in \equivalenceClass{E}{a}$ by \cref{equivclasses_inhabited_equivalenceon}.
$C$ is inhabited by \cref{quotient,equivclasses_inhabited}.
\end{proof}
@@ -189,7 +220,7 @@
Then $a\in A$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- Take $b\in A$ such that $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
+ Take $b$ such that $b\in A$ and $C = \equivalenceClass{E}{b}$
by \cref{quotient}.
Then $a\mathrel{E} b$.
Thus $a\in A$ by \cref{times_tuple_elim,subseteq}.
@@ -200,14 +231,19 @@
Let $E$ be an equivalence on $A$.
$\emptyset\notin\quotient{A}{E}$.
\end{corollary}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{quotient_elems_inhabited,emptyset}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{quotient_partition}
Let $E$ be an equivalence on $A$.
$\quotient{A}{E}$ is a partition.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- $\emptyset\notin\quotient{A}{E}$.
- For all $B, C\in \quotient{A}{E}$ such that $B\neq C$ we have $B$ is disjoint from $C$.
+ $\emptyset\notin\quotient{A}{E}$ by \cref{quotient_notni_emptyset}.
+ For all $B, C\in \quotient{A}{E}$ such that $B\neq C$
+ we have $B$ is disjoint from $C$ by \cref{quotient_elems_disjoint}.
+ Follows by \cref{partition}.
\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{quotient_partition_of}
@@ -215,7 +251,13 @@
$\quotient{A}{E}$ is a partition of $A$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
- $\unions{(\quotient{A}{E})} = A$ by set extensionality.
+ We have for all $a\in\unions{(\quotient{A}{E})}$
+ we have $a\in A$ by \cref{unions_iff,quotient_elems_type}.
+ We have for all $a\in A$
+ we have $a\in\unions{(\quotient{A}{E})}$
+ by \cref{unions_iff,quotient,equivclasses_inhabited_equivalenceon}.
+ Thus $\unions{(\quotient{A}{E})} = A$ by set extensionality.
+ Follows by \cref{quotient_partition}.
\end{proof}
@@ -230,11 +272,17 @@
Suppose $a,b\in C\in P$.
Then $a\mathrel{\equivfrompartition{P}{A}} b$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{equivalence_from_partition}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{equivalence_from_partition_reflexive}
Let $P$ be a partition of $A$.
$\equivfrompartition{P}{A}$ is reflexive on $A$.
\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}
+ Follows by \cref{reflexive_on,equivalence_from_partition_intro,partition,unions_iff}.
+\end{proof}
\begin{proposition}\label{equivalence_from_partition_symmetric}
Let $P$ be a partition.