Thai phrasebook started

4 files changed, 452 insertions, 174 deletions

diff --git a/examples/phrasebook/SentencesTha.gf b/examples/phrasebook/SentencesTha.gf
index 0b6f84c5d..40b4c36aa 100644
--- a/examples/phrasebook/SentencesTha.gf
+++ b/examples/phrasebook/SentencesTha.gf
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
-    ResTha,
+    (R = ResTha),
+    (S = StringsTha),
     Prelude
   in {
   lincat
@@ -7,23 +8,26 @@ concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
 --    Word = Text ;
 --    Message = Text ;
     Greeting = SS ;
+    Sentence = SS ;
+    Question = SS ;
+    Proposition = R.Clause ;
+    Item = SS ;
+    Kind = R.Noun ;
+
+    MassKind = SS ; --
+    Quality = R.Adj ;
+    Property = R.Adj ;
+    Object = R.NP ;
+    PrimObject = R.NP ;
 {-
-    Sentence = S ;
-    Question = QS ;
-    Proposition = Cl ;
-    Item = NP ;
-    Kind = CN ;
-    MassKind = CN ;
-    Quality = AP ;
-    Property = A ;
-    Object = NP ;
-    PrimObject = NP ;
     Place = NPPlace ; -- {name : NP ; at : Adv ; to : Adv} ;
     PlaceKind = CNPlace ; -- {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} ;
     Currency = CN ;
     Price = NP ;
-    Action = Cl ;
-    Person = NPPerson ; -- {name : NP ; isPron : Bool ; poss : Quant} ;
+-}
+    Action = R.Clause ;
+    Person = R.NP ;
+{-
     Nationality = NPNationality ; -- {lang : NP ; country : NP ; prop : A} ; 
     Language = NP ;
     Citizenship = A ;
@@ -31,7 +35,9 @@ concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
     Day = NPDay ; -- {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} ;
     Date = Adv ;
     Name = NP ;
-    Number = Card ;
+-}
+    Number = SS ;
+{-
     ByTransport = Adv ;
     Transport = {name : CN ; by : Adv} ;
     Superlative = Det ;
@@ -39,10 +45,10 @@ concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
   lin
     MPhrase p = p ;
 --    MContinue p m = mkText p m ;
-{-
-    PSentence s = mkText s | lin Text (mkUtt s) ;  -- optional '.'
-    PQuestion s = mkText s | lin Text (mkUtt s) ;  -- optional '?'
--}
+
+    PSentence s = s ;
+    PQuestion q = q ;
+
     PGreeting g = g ;
 
     PWord w = w ;
@@ -64,60 +70,71 @@ concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
     PDay d = mkPhrase (mkUtt d.name) ;
     PTransport t = mkPhrase (mkUtt t.name) ;
     PByTransport t = mkPhrase (mkUtt t) ;
+-}
+    PYes = ss S.chay_s ;
+    PNo = ss S.may_s ;
+    PYesToNo = ss S.chay_s ; ----
 
-    PYes = mkPhrase yes_Utt ;
-    PNo = mkPhrase no_Utt ;
-    PYesToNo = mkPhrase yes_Utt ;
-
-    GObjectPlease o = lin Text (mkPhr noPConj (mkUtt o) please_Voc) ;
+--    GObjectPlease o = lin Text (mkPhr noPConj (mkUtt o) please_Voc) ;
 
-    Is = mkCl ;
-    IsMass m q = mkCl (mkNP m) q ;
+    Is np q = R.mkClause np (R.adjVP q) ;
+    IsMass m q = R.mkClause m (R.adjVP q) ;
 
-    SProp = mkS ;
-    SPropNot = mkS negativePol ;
-    QProp p = mkQS (mkQCl p) ;
+    SProp p = ss (p.s ! R.ClDecl ! R.Pos) ;
+    SPropNot p = ss (p.s ! R.ClDecl ! R.Neg) ;
+    QProp p = ss (p.s ! R.ClQuest ! R.Pos) ;
 
-    WherePlace place = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv place.name) ;
-    WherePerson person = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv person.name) ;
+--    WherePlace place = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv place.name) ;
+--    WherePerson person = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv person.name) ;
 
     PropAction a = a ;
 
-    AmountCurrency num curr = mkNP num curr ;
+--    AmountCurrency num curr = mkNP num curr ;
 
     ObjItem i = i ;
+{-
     ObjNumber n k = mkNP n k ;
     ObjIndef k = mkNP a_Quant k ;
     ObjPlural k = mkNP aPl_Det k ;
     ObjMass k = mkNP k ;
     ObjAndObj = mkNP and_Conj ;
+-}
     OneObj o = o ; 
 
-    This kind = mkNP this_Quant kind ;
-    That kind = mkNP that_Quant kind ;
+    This kind = ss (R.thbind kind.s S.nii_s) ;
+    That kind = ss (R.thbind kind.s S.nan_s) ;
+{-
     These kind = mkNP this_Quant plNum kind ;
     Those kind = mkNP that_Quant plNum kind ;
     The kind = mkNP the_Quant kind ;
     Thes kind = mkNP the_Quant plNum kind ;
-    ThisMass kind = mkNP this_Quant kind ;
-    ThatMass kind = mkNP that_Quant kind ;
-    TheMass kind = mkNP the_Quant kind ;
+-}
+    ThisMass kind = ss (R.thbind kind.s S.nii_s) ;
+    ThatMass kind =  ss (R.thbind kind.s S.nan_s) ;
+    TheMass kind = kind ;
+
+    SuchKind quality kind = {s = R.thbind kind.s quality.s ; c = kind.c} ; 
+    SuchMassKind quality kind = {s = R.thbind kind.s quality.s ; c = kind.c} ; 
 
-    SuchKind quality kind = mkCN quality kind ;
-    SuchMassKind quality kind = mkCN quality kind ;
-    Very property = mkAP very_AdA (mkAP property) ;
-    Too property = mkAP too_AdA (mkAP property) ;
-    PropQuality property = mkAP property ;
 
+    Very property = ss (R.thbind property.s S.mak_s) ;
+--    Too property = ss (property.s ++ mak_s) ;
+    PropQuality property = property ;
+
+{-
     ThePlace kind = let dd = if_then_else Det kind.isPl thePl_Det theSg_Det 
                      in placeNP dd kind ;
     APlace kind = let dd = if_then_else Det kind.isPl aPl_Det aSg_Det 
                      in placeNP dd kind ;
+-}
 
-    IMale, IFemale = mkPerson i_Pron ;
-    YouFamMale, YouFamFemale = mkPerson youSg_Pron ;
-    YouPolMale, YouPolFemale = mkPerson youPol_Pron ;
+    IMale = ss S.phom_s ;
+    IFemale = ss (R.thbind S.di_s S.chan_s) ;
+    YouFamMale,
+    YouFamFemale, 
+    YouPolMale, YouPolFemale = ss S.khun_s ; ---- there are degrees
 
+{-
     LangNat n = n.lang ;
     CitiNat n = n.prop ;
     CountryNat n = n.country ;
@@ -130,9 +147,9 @@ concrete SentencesTha of Sentences = NumeralTha ** open
       {name = n ; isPron = False ; poss = mkQuant he_Pron} ; -- poss not used
 ----    NameString s = symb s ; --%
     NameNN = symb "NN" ;
-
-    NNumeral n = mkCard <lin Numeral n : Numeral>  ;
-
+-}
+    NNumeral n = n ;
+{-
     SHave   p obj = mkS (mkCl p.name have_V2 obj) ;
     SHaveNo p k = mkS negativePol (mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP aPl_Det k)) ;
     SHaveNoMass p m = mkS negativePol (mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP m)) ;
diff --git a/examples/phrasebook/WordsTha.gf b/examples/phrasebook/WordsTha.gf
index 4831e104f..055b8685b 100644
--- a/examples/phrasebook/WordsTha.gf
+++ b/examples/phrasebook/WordsTha.gf
@@ -1,151 +1,150 @@
---2 Implementations of Words, with English as example
-
 concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha ** 
     open 
---      SyntaxTha, 
---      ParadigmsTha, 
---      (L = LexiconTha), 
---      (P = ParadigmsTha), 
---      IrregTha, 
---      ExtraTha, 
+      (R = ResTha),
+      (S = StringsTha),
       Prelude in {
---  lin
+
+  flags coding = utf8 ;
+
+  lin
 
 -- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$.
 
 --    Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ;
---    Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ;
+    Beer = ss S.biar_s ;
 --    Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ;
---    Cheese = mkCN (mkN "cheese") ;
---    Chicken = mkCN (mkN "chicken") ;
---    Coffee = mkCN (mkN "coffee") ;
+--    Cheese = mkCN (mkN "จหเเสเ") ;
+--    Chicken = mkCN (mkN "จหิจกเน") ;
+--    Coffee = mkCN (mkN "จoฝฝเเ") ;
 --    Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ;
---    Meat = mkCN (mkN "meat") ;
+--    Meat = mkCN (mkN "มเัต") ;
 --    Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ;
---    Pizza = mkCN (mkN "pizza") ;
+--    Pizza = mkCN (mkN "ปิzzั") ;
 --    Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ;
---    Tea = mkCN (mkN "tea") ;
+--    Tea = mkCN (mkN "ตเั") ;
 --    Water = mkCN L.water_N ;
 --    Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ;
 
 -- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$.
 
 --    Bad = L.bad_A ;
---    Boring = mkA "boring" ;
---    Cheap = mkA "cheap" ;
+--    Boring = mkA "บoรินง" ;
+--    Cheap = mkA "จหเัป" ;
 --    Cold = L.cold_A ;
---    Delicious = mkA "delicious" ;
---    Expensive = mkA "expensive" ;
---    Fresh = mkA "fresh" ;
---    Good = L.good_A ;
---    Suspect = mkA "suspect" ;
+    Delicious = ss "อร่อย" ;
+    Expensive = ss "แพง" ;
+--    Fresh = mkA "ฝรเสห" ;
+    Good = ss "ดี" ;
+--    Suspect = mkA "สุสปเจต" ;
 --    Warm = L.warm_A ;
 
 -- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages 
 -- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as
 -- defined by $mkPlace$.
 
---    Airport = mkPlace "airport" "at" ;
---    AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace "amusement" "park" "at" ;
---    Bank = mkPlace "bank" "at" ;
---    Bar = mkPlace "bar" "in" ;
---    Cafeteria = mkPlace "canteen" "in" ;
---    Center = mkPlace "center" "in" ;
---    Cinema = mkPlace "cinema" "at" ;
---    Church = mkPlace "church" "in" ;
---    Disco = mkPlace "disco" "at" ;
---    Hospital = mkPlace "hospital" "in" ;
---    Hotel = mkPlace "hotel" "in" ;
---    Museum = mkPlace "museum" "at" ;
---    Park = mkPlace "park" "in" ;
---    Parking = mkCompoundPlace "car" "park" "in" ; 
---    Pharmacy = mkPlace "pharmacy" "at" ;
---    PostOffice = mkCompoundPlace "post" "office" "at" ;
---    Pub = mkPlace "pub" "at" ;
---    Restaurant = mkPlace "restaurant" "in" ;
---    School = mkPlace "school" "at" ;
---    Shop = mkPlace "shop" "at" ;
---    Station = mkPlace "station" "at" ;
---    Supermarket = mkPlace "supermarket" "at" ; 
---    Theatre = mkPlace "theatre" "at" ;
---    Toilet = mkPlace "toilet" "in" ;
---    University = mkPlace "university" "at" ;
---    Zoo = mkPlace "zoo" "at" ;
+--    Airport = mkPlace "ัิรปoรต" "ัต" ;
+--    AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace "ัมุสเมเนต" "ปัรก" "ัต" ;
+--    Bank = mkPlace "บันก" "ัต" ;
+--    Bar = mkPlace "บัร" "ิน" ;
+--    Cafeteria = mkPlace "จันตเเน" "ิน" ;
+--    Center = mkPlace "จเนตเร" "ิน" ;
+--    Cinema = mkPlace "จินเมั" "ัต" ;
+--    Church = mkPlace "จหุรจห" "ิน" ;
+--    Disco = mkPlace "ดิสจo" "ัต" ;
+--    Hospital = mkPlace "หoสปิตัล" "ิน" ;
+--    Hotel = mkPlace "หoตเล" "ิน" ;
+--    Museum = mkPlace "มุสเุม" "ัต" ;
+--    Park = mkPlace "ปัรก" "ิน" ;
+--    Parking = mkCompoundPlace "จัร" "ปัรก" "ิน" ; 
+--    Pharmacy = mkPlace "ปหัรมัจย" "ัต" ;
+--    PostOffice = mkCompoundPlace "ปoสต" "oฝฝิจเ" "ัต" ;
+--    Pub = mkPlace "ปุบ" "ัต" ;
+--    Restaurant = mkPlace "รเสตัุรันต" "ิน" ;
+--    School = mkPlace "สจหooล" "ัต" ;
+--    Shop = mkPlace "สหoป" "ัต" ;
+--    Station = mkPlace "สตัติoน" "ัต" ;
+--    Supermarket = mkPlace "สุปเรมัรกเต" "ัต" ; 
+--    Theatre = mkPlace "ตหเัตรเ" "ัต" ;
+--    Toilet = mkPlace "ตoิลเต" "ิน" ;
+--    University = mkPlace "ุนิึเรสิตย" "ัต" ;
+--    Zoo = mkPlace "zoo" "ัต" ;
    
---    CitRestaurant cit = mkCNPlace (mkCN cit (mkN "restaurant")) in_Prep to_Prep ;
+--    CitRestaurant cit = mkCNPlace (mkCN cit (mkN "รเสตัุรันต")) in_Prep to_Prep ;
 
 
 -- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns.
 
---    DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Danish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
---    Dollar = mkCN (mkN "dollar") ;
---    Euro = mkCN (mkN "euro" "euros") ; -- to prevent euroes
---    Lei = mkCN (mkN "leu" "lei") ;
---    Leva = mkCN (mkN "lev") ;
---    NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA "Norwegian") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
---    Pound = mkCN (mkN "pound") ;
---    Rouble = mkCN (mkN "rouble") ;
---    SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Swedish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
---    Zloty = mkCN (mkN "zloty" "zloty") ;
+--    DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Dันิสห") (mkN "จรoวน") | mkCN (mkN "จรoวน") ;
+--    Dollar = mkCN (mkN "ดoลลัร") ;
+--    Euro = mkCN (mkN "เุรo" "เุรoส") ; -- to prevent euroes
+--    Lei = mkCN (mkN "ลเุ" "ลเิ") ;
+--    Leva = mkCN (mkN "ลเึ") ;
+--    NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA "Noรวเงิัน") (mkN "จรoวน") | mkCN (mkN "จรoวน") ;
+--    Pound = mkCN (mkN "ปoุนด") ;
+--    Rouble = mkCN (mkN "รoุบลเ") ;
+--    SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "็วเดิสห") (mkN "จรoวน") | mkCN (mkN "จรoวน") ;
+--    Zloty = mkCN (mkN "zลoตย" "zลoตย") ;
 
 -- Nationalities
 
---    Belgian = mkA "Belgian" ;
---    Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Belgium") ;
---    Bulgarian = mkNat "Bulgarian" "Bulgaria" ;
---    Catalan = mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Catalan")) (mkNP (mkPN "Catalonia")) (mkA "Catalonian") ;
---    Danish = mkNat "Danish" "Denmark" ;
---    Dutch =  mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Dutch")) (mkNP the_Quant (mkN "Netherlands")) (mkA "Dutch") ;
---    English = mkNat "English" "England" ;
---    Finnish = mkNat "Finnish" "Finland" ;
---    Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Flemish") ;
---    French = mkNat "French" "France" ; 
---    German = mkNat "German" "Germany" ;
---    Italian = mkNat "Italian" "Italy" ;
---    Norwegian = mkNat "Norwegian" "Norway" ;
---    Polish = mkNat "Polish" "Poland" ;
---    Romanian = mkNat "Romanian" "Romania" ;
---    Russian = mkNat "Russian" "Russia" ;
---    Spanish = mkNat "Spanish" "Spain" ;
---    Swedish = mkNat "Swedish" "Sweden" ;
+--    Belgian = mkA "Bเลงิัน" ;
+--    Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Bเลงิุม") ;
+--    Bulgarian = mkNat "Bุลงัริัน" "Bุลงัริั" ;
+--    Catalan = mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Cัตัลัน")) (mkNP (mkPN "Cัตัลoนิั")) (mkA "Cัตัลoนิัน") ;
+--    Danish = mkNat "Dันิสห" "Dเนมัรก" ;
+--    Dutch =  mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Dุตจห")) (mkNP the_Quant (mkN "Nเตหเรลันดส")) (mkA "Dุตจห") ;
+--    English = mkNat "Eนงลิสห" "Eนงลันด" ;
+--    Finnish = mkNat "Fินนิสห" "Fินลันด" ;
+--    Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Fลเมิสห") ;
+--    French = mkNat "Fรเนจห" "Fรันจเ" ; 
+--    German = mkNat "Gเรมัน" "Gเรมันย" ;
+--    Italian = mkNat "Iตัลิัน" "Iตัลย" ;
+--    Norwegian = mkNat "Noรวเงิัน" "Noรวัย" ;
+--    Polish = mkNat "Poลิสห" "Poลันด" ;
+--    Romanian = mkNat "ๆoมันิัน" "ๆoมันิั" ;
+--    Russian = mkNat "ๆุสสิัน" "ๆุสสิั" ;
+--    Spanish = mkNat "็ปันิสห" "็ปัิน" ;
+--    Swedish = mkNat "็วเดิสห" "็วเดเน" ;
 
 -- Means of transportation 
 
 --   Bike = mkTransport L.bike_N ;
---   Bus = mkTransport (mkN "bus") ;
+--   Bus = mkTransport (mkN "บุส") ;
 --   Car = mkTransport L.car_N ;
---   Ferry = mkTransport (mkN "ferry") ;
+--   Ferry = mkTransport (mkN "ฝเรรย") ;
 --   Plane = mkTransport L.airplane_N ;
---   Subway = mkTransport (mkN "subway") ;
---   Taxi = mkTransport (mkN "taxi") ;
---   Train = mkTransport (mkN "train") ;
---   Tram = mkTransport (mkN "tram") ;
+--   Subway = mkTransport (mkN "สุบวัย") ;
+--   Taxi = mkTransport (mkN "ตัxิ") ;
+--   Train = mkTransport (mkN "ตรัิน") ;
+--   Tram = mkTransport (mkN "ตรัม") ;
 
---   ByFoot = P.mkAdv "by foot" ;
+--   ByFoot = P.mkAdv "บย ฝooต" ;
 
 -- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent.
 
---    AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP (mkNP num L.year_N) (ParadigmsTha.mkAdv "old"));
---    AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ;
+--    AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP (mkNP num L.year_N) (ParadigmsTha.mkAdv "oลด"));
+    AHasChildren p num = R.mkClause p 
+      (R.insertObj (R.mkVP (R.regV "มี")) 
+         (ss (R.thbind "ลูก" (num.s ++ S.khon_s)))) ; ---- bind num
 --    AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 
---      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
+--      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "รooม")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "ปเรสoน")))) ;
 --    AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 
---      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
+--      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "ตับลเ")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "ปเรสoน")))) ;
 --    AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ;
---    AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ;
---    AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ;
+--    AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "หุนงรย") ;
+--    AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ิลล") ;
 --    AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregTha.know_V ;
---    ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ;
---    ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
---    ALove p q = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "love")) q.name ;
---    AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ;
---    AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ;
---    AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ;
+--    ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "ลิกเ")) item ;
+--    ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "ลิึเ")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
+    ALove p q = R.mkClause p (R.insertObj (R.mkVP (R.regV "รัก")) q) ;
+--    AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "มัรริเด") ;
+--    AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "รเัดย") ;
+--    AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "สจัรเด") ;
 --    ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name  (mkV2 IrregTha.speak_V) lang ;
---    AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ;
---    ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ;
+--    AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ตหิรสตย") ;
+--    ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ติรเด") ;
 --    AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregTha.understand_V ;
---    AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ;
+--    AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "วันต")) obj ;
 --    AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregTha.go_V) place.to) ;
 
 -- miscellaneous
@@ -165,41 +164,41 @@ concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha **
 -- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use
 -- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ;
 
---    PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
---    PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ;
+--    PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("สเเ ยoุ"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
+--    PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("สเเ ยoุ"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ;
 --    PSeeYouPlaceDate p d = 
---      mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) 
+--      mkText (lin Text (ss ("สเเ ยoุ"))) 
 --        (mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ;
 
--- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$
+-- Relations are expressed as "มย วิฝเ" or "มย สoณส วิฝเ", as defined by $xOf$
 -- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of
--- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns.
+-- "ตหเ วิฝเ oฝ มย สoน" for non-pronouns.
 
---    Wife = xOf sing (mkN "wife") ;
---    Husband = xOf sing (mkN "husband") ;
---    Son = xOf sing (mkN "son") ;
---    Daughter = xOf sing (mkN "daughter") ;
+    Wife = xOf "เมีย" ; ---- familiar
+    Husband = xOf "ผัว" ; ---- familiar
+    Son = xOf (R.thbind "ลูก จาย") ;
+    Daughter = xOf  (R.thbind "ลูก สาว") ;
 --    Children = xOf plur L.child_N ;
 
 -- week days
 
---    Monday = mkDay "Monday" ;
---    Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ;
---    Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ;
---    Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ;
---    Friday = mkDay "Friday" ;
---    Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ;
---    Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ;
+--    Monday = mkDay "Moนดัย" ;
+--    Tuesday = mkDay "Tุเสดัย" ;
+--    Wednesday = mkDay "Wเดนเสดัย" ;
+--    Thursday = mkDay "Tหุรสดัย" ;
+--    Friday = mkDay "Fริดัย" ;
+--    Saturday = mkDay "็ัตุรดัย" ;
+--    Sunday = mkDay "็ุนดัย" ;
  
---    Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ;
+--    Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "ตoมoรรoว" ;
 
 -- modifiers of places
 
 --    TheBest = mkSuperl L.good_A ;
 --    TheClosest = mkSuperl L.near_A ; 
---    TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA "cheap") ;
---    TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA "expensive") ;
---    TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA "popular") ;
+--    TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA "จหเัป") ;
+--    TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA "เxปเนสิึเ") ;
+--    TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA "ปoปุลัร") ;
 --    TheWorst = mkSuperl L.bad_A ;
 
 --    SuperlPlace sup p = placeNP sup p ;
@@ -224,7 +223,7 @@ concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha **
 
 -- auxiliaries
 
---  oper
+  oper
 
 --    mkNat : Str -> Str -> NPNationality = \nat,co -> 
 --      mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN nat)) (mkNP (mkPN co)) (mkA nat) ;
@@ -240,13 +239,13 @@ concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha **
 --    mkPlace : Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \p,i -> 
 --      mkCNPlace (mkCN (mkN p)) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
 
---    open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ;
---    closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ;
+--    open_Adv = P.mkAdv "oปเน" ;
+--    closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "จลoสเด" ;
 
---    xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p -> 
---      relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ;
+    xOf : Str -> R.NP -> R.NP = \x,p -> 
+      ss (R.thbind x "ของ" p.s) ;  ---- optional particle
 
---    nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ;
+--    nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "นัมเ") p).name ;
 
 
 --    mkTransport : N -> {name : CN ; by : Adv} = \n -> {
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha **
 
 --    mkSuperl : A -> Det = \a -> SyntaxTha.mkDet the_Art (SyntaxTha.mkOrd a) ;
     
---   far_IAdv = ExtraTha.IAdvAdv (ss "far") ;
+--   far_IAdv = ExtraTha.IAdvAdv (ss "ฝัร") ;
 
 --}
 }
diff --git a/examples/phrasebook/src/WordsTha.gf b/examples/phrasebook/src/WordsTha.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac3666033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/phrasebook/src/WordsTha.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+concrete WordsTha of Words = SentencesTha ** 
+    open 
+      (R = ResTha),
+      (S = StringsTha),
+      Prelude in {
+
+  flags coding = utf8 ;
+
+  lin
+
+-- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$.
+
+--    Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ;
+    Beer = ss S.biar_s ;
+--    Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ;
+--    Cheese = mkCN (mkN "cheese") ;
+--    Chicken = mkCN (mkN "chicken") ;
+--    Coffee = mkCN (mkN "coffee") ;
+--    Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ;
+--    Meat = mkCN (mkN "meat") ;
+--    Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ;
+--    Pizza = mkCN (mkN "pizza") ;
+--    Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ;
+--    Tea = mkCN (mkN "tea") ;
+--    Water = mkCN L.water_N ;
+--    Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ;
+
+-- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$.
+
+--    Bad = L.bad_A ;
+--    Boring = mkA "boring" ;
+--    Cheap = mkA "cheap" ;
+--    Cold = L.cold_A ;
+    Delicious = ss "OrT1Oy" ;
+    Expensive = ss "e'p2g" ;
+--    Fresh = mkA "fresh" ;
+    Good = ss "di:" ;
+--    Suspect = mkA "suspect" ;
+--    Warm = L.warm_A ;
+
+-- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages 
+-- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as
+-- defined by $mkPlace$.
+
+--    Airport = mkPlace "airport" "at" ;
+--    AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace "amusement" "park" "at" ;
+--    Bank = mkPlace "bank" "at" ;
+--    Bar = mkPlace "bar" "in" ;
+--    Cafeteria = mkPlace "canteen" "in" ;
+--    Center = mkPlace "center" "in" ;
+--    Cinema = mkPlace "cinema" "at" ;
+--    Church = mkPlace "church" "in" ;
+--    Disco = mkPlace "disco" "at" ;
+--    Hospital = mkPlace "hospital" "in" ;
+--    Hotel = mkPlace "hotel" "in" ;
+--    Museum = mkPlace "museum" "at" ;
+--    Park = mkPlace "park" "in" ;
+--    Parking = mkCompoundPlace "car" "park" "in" ; 
+--    Pharmacy = mkPlace "pharmacy" "at" ;
+--    PostOffice = mkCompoundPlace "post" "office" "at" ;
+--    Pub = mkPlace "pub" "at" ;
+--    Restaurant = mkPlace "restaurant" "in" ;
+--    School = mkPlace "school" "at" ;
+--    Shop = mkPlace "shop" "at" ;
+--    Station = mkPlace "station" "at" ;
+--    Supermarket = mkPlace "supermarket" "at" ; 
+--    Theatre = mkPlace "theatre" "at" ;
+--    Toilet = mkPlace "toilet" "in" ;
+--    University = mkPlace "university" "at" ;
+--    Zoo = mkPlace "zoo" "at" ;
+   
+--    CitRestaurant cit = mkCNPlace (mkCN cit (mkN "restaurant")) in_Prep to_Prep ;
+
+
+-- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns.
+
+--    DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Danish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
+--    Dollar = mkCN (mkN "dollar") ;
+--    Euro = mkCN (mkN "euro" "euros") ; -- to prevent euroes
+--    Lei = mkCN (mkN "leu" "lei") ;
+--    Leva = mkCN (mkN "lev") ;
+--    NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA "Norwegian") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
+--    Pound = mkCN (mkN "pound") ;
+--    Rouble = mkCN (mkN "rouble") ;
+--    SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Swedish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
+--    Zloty = mkCN (mkN "zloty" "zloty") ;
+
+-- Nationalities
+
+--    Belgian = mkA "Belgian" ;
+--    Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Belgium") ;
+--    Bulgarian = mkNat "Bulgarian" "Bulgaria" ;
+--    Catalan = mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Catalan")) (mkNP (mkPN "Catalonia")) (mkA "Catalonian") ;
+--    Danish = mkNat "Danish" "Denmark" ;
+--    Dutch =  mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Dutch")) (mkNP the_Quant (mkN "Netherlands")) (mkA "Dutch") ;
+--    English = mkNat "English" "England" ;
+--    Finnish = mkNat "Finnish" "Finland" ;
+--    Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Flemish") ;
+--    French = mkNat "French" "France" ; 
+--    German = mkNat "German" "Germany" ;
+--    Italian = mkNat "Italian" "Italy" ;
+--    Norwegian = mkNat "Norwegian" "Norway" ;
+--    Polish = mkNat "Polish" "Poland" ;
+--    Romanian = mkNat "Romanian" "Romania" ;
+--    Russian = mkNat "Russian" "Russia" ;
+--    Spanish = mkNat "Spanish" "Spain" ;
+--    Swedish = mkNat "Swedish" "Sweden" ;
+
+-- Means of transportation 
+
+--   Bike = mkTransport L.bike_N ;
+--   Bus = mkTransport (mkN "bus") ;
+--   Car = mkTransport L.car_N ;
+--   Ferry = mkTransport (mkN "ferry") ;
+--   Plane = mkTransport L.airplane_N ;
+--   Subway = mkTransport (mkN "subway") ;
+--   Taxi = mkTransport (mkN "taxi") ;
+--   Train = mkTransport (mkN "train") ;
+--   Tram = mkTransport (mkN "tram") ;
+
+--   ByFoot = P.mkAdv "by foot" ;
+
+-- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent.
+
+--    AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP (mkNP num L.year_N) (ParadigmsTha.mkAdv "old"));
+    AHasChildren p num = R.mkClause p 
+      (R.insertObj (R.mkVP (R.regV "mi:")) 
+         (ss (R.thbind "lu:k" (num.s ++ S.khon_s)))) ; ---- bind num
+--    AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 
+--      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
+--    AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 
+--      (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
+--    AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ;
+--    AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ;
+--    AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ;
+--    AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregTha.know_V ;
+--    ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ;
+--    ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxTha.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
+    ALove p q = R.mkClause p (R.insertObj (R.mkVP (R.regV "rak")) q) ;
+--    AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ;
+--    AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ;
+--    AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ;
+--    ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name  (mkV2 IrregTha.speak_V) lang ;
+--    AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ;
+--    ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ;
+--    AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregTha.understand_V ;
+--    AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ;
+--    AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregTha.go_V) place.to) ;
+
+-- miscellaneous
+
+--    QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl whatSg_IP (mkVP (nameOf p))) ;
+--    QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (ICompAP (mkAP L.old_A)) p.name) ;
+--    HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item IrregTha.cost_V)) ; 
+--    ItCost item price = mkCl item (mkV2 IrregTha.cost_V) price ;
+
+--    PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_Adv ;
+--    PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_Adv ;
+--    PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d) ; 
+--    PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d) ; 
+--    PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d.habitual) ; 
+--    PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d.habitual) ; 
+
+-- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use
+-- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ;
+
+--    PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
+--    PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ;
+--    PSeeYouPlaceDate p d = 
+--      mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) 
+--        (mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ;
+
+-- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$
+-- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of
+-- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns.
+
+    Wife = xOf "emi:y" ; ---- familiar
+    Husband = xOf "p1aw" ; ---- familiar
+    Son = xOf (R.thbind "lu:k ca:y") ;
+    Daughter = xOf  (R.thbind "lu:k sa:w") ;
+--    Children = xOf plur L.child_N ;
+
+-- week days
+
+--    Monday = mkDay "Monday" ;
+--    Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ;
+--    Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ;
+--    Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ;
+--    Friday = mkDay "Friday" ;
+--    Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ;
+--    Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ;
+ 
+--    Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ;
+
+-- modifiers of places
+
+--    TheBest = mkSuperl L.good_A ;
+--    TheClosest = mkSuperl L.near_A ; 
+--    TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA "cheap") ;
+--    TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA "expensive") ;
+--    TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA "popular") ;
+--    TheWorst = mkSuperl L.bad_A ;
+
+--    SuperlPlace sup p = placeNP sup p ;
+
+
+-- transports
+
+--    HowFar place = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv place.name) ;
+--    HowFarFrom x y = 
+--      mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name (SyntaxTha.mkAdv from_Prep x.name))) ;
+--    HowFarFromBy x y t = 
+--      mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name (SyntaxTha.mkAdv from_Prep (mkNP x.name t)))) ;
+--    HowFarBy y t = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name t)) ;
+ 
+--    WhichTranspPlace trans place = 
+--      mkQS (mkQCl (mkIP which_IDet trans.name) (mkVP (mkVP L.go_V) place.to)) ;
+
+--    IsTranspPlace trans place =
+--      mkQS (mkQCl (mkCl (mkCN trans.name place.to))) ;
+
+
+
+-- auxiliaries
+
+  oper
+
+--    mkNat : Str -> Str -> NPNationality = \nat,co -> 
+--      mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN nat)) (mkNP (mkPN co)) (mkA nat) ;
+
+--    mkDay : Str -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d ->
+--      let day = mkNP (mkPN d) in 
+--      mkNPDay day (SyntaxTha.mkAdv on_Prep day) 
+--        (SyntaxTha.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP a_Quant plNum (mkCN (mkN d)))) ;
+    
+--    mkCompoundPlace : Str -> Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \comp, p, i ->
+--     mkCNPlace (mkCN (P.mkN comp (mkN p))) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
+
+--    mkPlace : Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \p,i -> 
+--      mkCNPlace (mkCN (mkN p)) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
+
+--    open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ;
+--    closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ;
+
+    xOf : Str -> R.NP -> R.NP = \x,p -> 
+      ss (R.thbind x "k1Og" p.s) ;  ---- optional particle
+
+--    nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ;
+
+
+--    mkTransport : N -> {name : CN ; by : Adv} = \n -> {
+--      name = mkCN n ; 
+--      by = SyntaxTha.mkAdv by8means_Prep (mkNP n)
+--      } ;
+
+--    mkSuperl : A -> Det = \a -> SyntaxTha.mkDet the_Art (SyntaxTha.mkOrd a) ;
+    
+--   far_IAdv = ExtraTha.IAdvAdv (ss "far") ;
+
+--}
+}
diff --git a/examples/phrasebook/src/mkThai.gfs b/examples/phrasebook/src/mkThai.gfs
index e1efbdcdf..f375fe586 100644
--- a/examples/phrasebook/src/mkThai.gfs
+++ b/examples/phrasebook/src/mkThai.gfs
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 rf -file=src/GreetingsTha.gf | ps -env=quotes -to_thai | wf -file=GreetingsTha.gf
+rf -file=src/WordsTha.gf | ps -env=quotes -to_thai | wf -file=WordsTha.gf