moved lib/next-resource to next-lib/src, to enable linking with next-lib as value of GF_LIB_PATH

29 files changed, 2663 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/AdjectiveLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/AdjectiveLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b0f3457d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/AdjectiveLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+concrete AdjectiveLat of Adjective = CatLat ** open ResLat, Prelude in {
+
+
+  lin
+
+    PositA  a = a ;
+
+{-
+    ComparA a np = {
+      s = \\_ => a.s ! AAdj Compar ++ "than" ++ np.s ! Nom ; 
+      isPre = False
+      } ;
+
+-- $SuperlA$ belongs to determiner syntax in $Noun$.
+
+    ComplA2 a np = {
+      s = \\_ => a.s ! AAdj Posit ++ a.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc ; 
+      isPre = False
+      } ;
+
+    ReflA2 a = {
+      s = \\ag => a.s ! AAdj Posit ++ a.c2 ++ reflPron ! ag ; 
+      isPre = False
+      } ;
+
+    SentAP ap sc = {
+      s = \\a => ap.s ! a ++ sc.s ; 
+      isPre = False
+      } ;
+-}
+
+    AdAP ada ap = {
+      s = \\g,n,c => ada.s ++ ap.s ! g ! n ! c ;
+      isPre = ap.isPre
+      } ;
+
+--    UseA2 a = a ;
+
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/AdverbLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/AdverbLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b959ab8a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/AdverbLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+concrete AdverbLat of Adverb = CatLat ** open ResLat, Prelude in {
+
+  lin
+--    PositAdvAdj a = {s = a.s ! AAdv} ;
+--    ComparAdvAdj cadv a np = {
+--      s = cadv.s ++ a.s ! AAdv ++ "than" ++ np.s ! Nom
+--      } ;
+--    ComparAdvAdjS cadv a s = {
+--      s = cadv.s ++ a.s ! AAdv ++ "than" ++ s.s
+--      } ;
+
+    PrepNP prep np = {s = appPrep prep np.s} ;
+
+--    AdAdv = cc2 ;
+--
+--    SubjS = cc2 ;
+-----b    AdvSC s = s ; --- this rule give stack overflow in ordinary parsing
+--
+--    AdnCAdv cadv = {s = cadv.s ++ "than"} ;
+--
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/AllEngAbs.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/AllEngAbs.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..687d573a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/AllEngAbs.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+
+abstract AllEngAbs = 
+  Lang,
+  IrregEngAbs-[
+    blow_V,burn_V,come_V,dig_V,fall_V,fly_V,freeze_V,go_V,lie_V,run_V,
+    sew_V,sing_V,sit_V,sleep_V,spit_V,stand_V,swell_V,swim_V,think_V],
+  ExtraEngAbs
+  ** {} ;
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/AllLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/AllLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..87781114e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/AllLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+----# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+--
+--concrete AllLat of AllLatAbs = 
+--  LangLat,
+--  IrregLat-[
+--    blow_V,burn_V,come_V,dig_V,fall_V,fly_V,freeze_V,go_V,lie_V,run_V,
+--    sew_V,sing_V,sit_V,sleep_V,spit_V,stand_V,swell_V,swim_V,think_V],
+--  ExtraLat
+--  ** {} ;
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/BackwardLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/BackwardLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6f57b8ede
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/BackwardLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+--concrete BackwardLat of Backward = CatLat ** open ResLat in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+--
+--  lin
+--
+---- A repository of obsolete constructs, needed for backward compatibility.
+---- They create spurious ambiguities if used in combination with Lang.
+--
+---- from Verb 19/4/2008
+--
+--    ComplV2 v np = insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predV v) ;
+--    ComplV3 v np np2 = 
+--      insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc ++ v.c3 ++ np2.s ! Acc) (predV v) ;
+--    ComplV2V v np vp = 
+--      insertObj (\\a => infVP v.isAux vp a)
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predV v)) ;
+--    ComplV2S v np s = 
+--      insertObj (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s)
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predV v)) ;
+--    ComplV2Q v np q = 
+--      insertObj (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) 
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predV v)) ;
+--    ComplV2A v np ap = 
+--      insertObj (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc ++ ap.s ! np.a) (predV v) ;
+--
+--    ReflV2 v = insertObj (\\a => v.c2 ++ reflPron ! a) (predV v) ;
+--
+---- from Sentence 19/4/2008
+--
+--    SlashV2 np v2 = 
+--      mkClause (np.s ! Nom) np.a (predV v2) ** {c2 = v2.c2} ;
+--
+--    SlashVVV2 np vv v2 = 
+--      mkClause (np.s ! Nom) np.a 
+--        (insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.isAux (predV v2) a) (predVV vv))  **
+--        {c2 = v2.c2} ;
+--
+---- from Noun 19/4/2008
+--
+--    NumInt n = {s = n.s ; n = Pl} ; 
+--    OrdInt n = {s = n.s ++ "th"} ; --- DEPRECATED
+--
+--    DetSg quant ord = {
+--      s = quant.s ! Sg ++ ord.s ; 
+--      n = Sg
+--      } ;
+--
+--    DetPl quant num ord = {
+--      s = quant.s ! num.n ++ num.s ++ ord.s ; 
+--      n = num.n
+--      } ;
+--
+--    NoNum = {s = []; n = Pl } ;
+--
+--    DefArt = {s = \\_ => artDef} ;
+--
+--    IndefArt = {
+--      s = table {
+--        Sg => artIndef ; 
+--        Pl => []
+--        }
+--      } ;
+--
+--    MassDet = {s = \\_ => []} ;
+--
+--
+--
+---- from Structural 19/4/2008
+--
+--    that_NP = regNP "that" Sg ;
+--    these_NP = regNP "these" Pl ;
+--    this_NP = regNP "this" Sg ;
+--    those_NP = regNP "those" Pl ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/CatLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/CatLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b7f32e9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/CatLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+concrete CatLat of Cat = CommonX ** open ResLat, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lincat
+
+---- Tensed/Untensed
+--
+--    S  = {s : Str} ;
+--    QS = {s : QForm => Str} ;
+--    RS = {s : Agr => Str ; c : Case} ; -- c for it clefts
+--    SSlash = {s : Str ; c2 : Str} ;
+--
+---- Sentence
+--
+    Cl = {s : VAnter => VTense => Polarity => Str} ;
+--    ClSlash = {
+--      s : ResLat.Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => Order => Str ;
+--      c2 : Str
+--      } ;
+--    Imp = {s : CPolarity => ImpForm => Str} ;
+--
+---- Question
+--
+--    QCl = {s : ResLat.Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => QForm => Str} ;
+--    IP = {s : Case => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--    IComp = {s : Str} ;    
+--    IDet = {s : Str ; n : Number} ;
+--    IQuant = {s : Number => Str} ;
+--
+---- Relative
+--
+--    RCl = {
+--      s : ResLat.Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => Agr => Str ; 
+--      c : Case
+--      } ;
+--    RP = {s : RCase => Str ; a : RAgr} ;
+--
+---- Verb
+--
+    VP = ResLat.VP ;
+    VPSlash = ResLat.VP ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
+    Comp = {s : Gender => Number => Case => Str} ; 
+--
+---- Adjective
+--
+    AP = Adjective ** {isPre : Bool} ; ---- {s : Agr => Str ; isPre : Bool} ; 
+--
+---- Noun
+--
+    CN = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
+    NP, Pron = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number ; p : Person} ;
+    Det = Determiner ;
+--    Predet, Ord = {s : Str} ;
+    Num  = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--    Card = {s : Str ; n : Number} ;
+    Quant = Quantifier ;
+--
+---- Numeral
+--
+--    Numeral = {s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--    Digits  = {s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number ; tail : DTail} ;
+--
+---- Structural
+--
+    Conj = {s1,s2 : Str ; n : Number} ;
+--    Subj = {s : Str} ;
+    Prep = {s : Str ; c : Case} ;
+--
+---- Open lexical classes, e.g. Lexicon
+
+    V = Verb ;
+    V2 = Verb ** {c : Preposition} ;
+--    V, VS, VQ, VA = Verb ; -- = {s : VForm => Str} ;
+--    V2, V2A, V2Q, V2S = Verb ** {c2 : Str} ;
+--    V3 = Verb ** {c2, c3 : Str} ;
+--    VV = {s : VVForm => Str ; isAux : Bool} ;
+--    V2V = Verb ** {c2 : Str ; isAux : Bool} ;
+--
+    A = Adjective ** {isPre : Bool} ;
+--    A2 = {s : AForm => Str ; c2 : Str} ;
+--
+    N = Noun ;
+--    N2 = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ** {c2 : Str} ;
+--    N3 = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ** {c2,c3 : Str} ;
+    PN = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
+--
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/ConjunctionLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/ConjunctionLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a857eef25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/ConjunctionLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+--concrete ConjunctionLat of Conjunction = 
+--  CatLat ** open ResLat, Coordination, Prelude in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+--
+--  lin
+--
+--    ConjS = conjunctDistrSS ;
+--
+--    ConjAdv = conjunctDistrSS ;
+--
+--    ConjNP conj ss = conjunctDistrTable Case conj ss ** {
+--      a = conjAgr (agrP3 conj.n) ss.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    ConjAP conj ss = conjunctDistrTable Agr conj ss ** {
+--      isPre = ss.isPre
+--      } ;
+--
+--{---b
+--
+--    ConjS = conjunctSS ;
+--    DConjS = conjunctDistrSS ;
+--
+--    ConjAdv = conjunctSS ;
+--    DConjAdv = conjunctDistrSS ;
+--
+--    ConjNP conj ss = conjunctTable Case conj ss ** {
+--      a = conjAgr (agrP3 conj.n) ss.a 
+--      } ;
+--    DConjNP conj ss = conjunctDistrTable Case conj ss ** {
+--      a = conjAgr (agrP3 conj.n) ss.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    ConjAP conj ss = conjunctTable Agr conj ss ** {
+--      isPre = ss.isPre
+--      } ;
+--    DConjAP conj ss = conjunctDistrTable Agr conj ss ** {
+--      isPre = ss.isPre
+--      } ;
+---}
+--
+---- These fun's are generated from the list cat's.
+--
+--    BaseS = twoSS ;
+--    ConsS = consrSS comma ;
+--    BaseAdv = twoSS ;
+--    ConsAdv = consrSS comma ;
+--    BaseNP x y = twoTable Case x y ** {a = conjAgr x.a y.a} ;
+--    ConsNP xs x = consrTable Case comma xs x ** {a = conjAgr xs.a x.a} ;
+--    BaseAP x y = twoTable Agr x y ** {isPre = andB x.isPre y.isPre} ;
+--    ConsAP xs x = consrTable Agr comma xs x ** {isPre = andB xs.isPre x.isPre} ;
+--
+--  lincat
+--    [S] = {s1,s2 : Str} ;
+--    [Adv] = {s1,s2 : Str} ;
+--    [NP] = {s1,s2 : Case => Str ; a : Agr} ;
+--    [AP] = {s1,s2 : Agr => Str ; isPre : Bool} ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraEngAbs.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraEngAbs.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9ee849627
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraEngAbs.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+abstract ExtraEngAbs = Extra ** {
+
+-- uncontracted negations; contracted are the default
+  fun
+    UncNegCl  : Tense -> Ant -> Cl  -> S ;
+    UncNegQCl : Tense -> Ant -> QCl -> QS ;
+    UncNegRCl : Tense -> Ant -> RCl -> RS ;
+
+    UncNegImpSg : Imp -> Utt;           -- do not help yourself
+    UncNegImpPl : Imp -> Utt;           -- do not help yourselves
+
+-- freely compounded nouns
+
+    CompoundCN : CN -> CN -> CN ;       -- rock album
+
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5fc660221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/ExtraLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+--concrete ExtraLat of ExtraLatAbs = CatLat ** 
+--  open ResLat, Coordination, Prelude in {
+--
+--  lin
+--    GenNP np = {s,sp = \\_,_ => np.s ! Gen} ;
+--    ComplBareVS v s  = insertObj (\\_ => s.s) (predV v) ;
+--
+--    StrandRelSlash rp slash = {
+--      s = \\t,a,p,ag => 
+--        rp.s ! RC (fromAgr ag).g Acc ++ slash.s ! t ! a ! p ! ODir ++ slash.c2 ;
+--      c = Acc
+--      } ;
+--    EmptyRelSlash rp slash = {
+--      s = \\t,a,p,_ => slash.s ! t ! a ! p ! ODir ++ slash.c2 ;
+--      c = Acc
+--      } ;
+--
+--    StrandQuestSlash ip slash = 
+--      {s = \\t,a,b,q => 
+--         (mkQuestion (ss (ip.s ! Acc)) slash).s ! t ! a ! b ! q ++ slash.c2
+--      };
+--
+--  lincat
+--    VPI   = {s : VPIForm => Agr => Str} ;
+--    [VPI] = {s1,s2 : VPIForm => Agr => Str} ;
+--
+--  lin
+--    BaseVPI = twoTable2 VPIForm Agr ;
+--    ConsVPI = consrTable2 VPIForm Agr comma ;
+--
+--    MkVPI vp = {
+--      s = \\v,a => vp.ad ++ vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a
+--      } ;
+--    ConjVPI = conjunctDistrTable2 VPIForm Agr ;
+--    ComplVPIVV vv vpi = 
+--      insertObj (\\a => (if_then_Str vv.isAux [] "to") ++ vpi.s ! VPIInf ! a) (predVV vv) ;
+--
+--    UncNegCl  t a cl = {s = t.s ++ a.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! a.a ! neg ! ODir} ;
+--    UncNegQCl t a cl = {s = \\q => t.s ++ a.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! a.a ! neg !q} ;
+--    UncNegRCl t a cl = {
+--      s = \\r => t.s ++ a.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! a.a ! neg ! r ;
+--      c = cl.c
+--      } ;
+--    UncNegImpSg imp = {s = imp.s ! neg ! ImpF Sg False} ;
+--    UncNegImpPl imp = {s = imp.s ! neg ! ImpF Pl False} ;
+--
+--    CompoundCN a b = {s = \\n,c => a.s ! Sg ! Nom ++ b.s ! n ! c ; g = b.g} ;
+--
+--
+--  oper
+--    neg = CNeg False ; 
+--
+--} 
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/GrammarLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/GrammarLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..722983e8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/GrammarLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+
+concrete GrammarLat of Grammar = 
+  NounLat, 
+  VerbLat, 
+  AdjectiveLat,
+  AdverbLat,
+--  NumeralLat,
+  SentenceLat,
+--  QuestionLat,
+--  RelativeLat,
+--  ConjunctionLat,
+--  PhraseLat,
+  TextX,
+  StructuralLat,
+--  IdiomLat
+  ** {
+} ;
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/IdiomLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/IdiomLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b8adec832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/IdiomLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+--concrete IdiomLat of Idiom = CatLat ** open Prelude, ResLat in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+--
+--  lin
+--    ImpersCl vp = mkClause "it" (agrP3 Sg) vp ;
+--    GenericCl vp = mkClause "one" (agrP3 Sg) vp ;
+--
+--    CleftNP np rs = mkClause "it" (agrP3 Sg) 
+--      (insertObj (\\_ => rs.s ! np.a)
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => np.s ! rs.c) (predAux auxBe))) ;
+--
+--    CleftAdv ad s = mkClause "it" (agrP3 Sg) 
+--      (insertObj (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s)
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => ad.s) (predAux auxBe))) ;
+--
+--    ExistNP np = 
+--      mkClause "there" (agrP3 (fromAgr np.a).n) 
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => np.s ! Acc) (predAux auxBe)) ;
+--
+--    ExistIP ip = 
+--      mkQuestion (ss (ip.s ! Nom)) 
+--        (mkClause "there" (agrP3 ip.n) (predAux auxBe)) ;
+--
+--    ProgrVP vp = insertObj (\\a => vp.ad ++ vp.prp ++ vp.s2 ! a) (predAux auxBe) ;
+--
+--    ImpPl1 vp = {s = "let's" ++ infVP True vp (AgP1 Pl)} ;
+--
+--}
+--
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/IrregEngAbs.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/IrregEngAbs.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..103fe3278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/IrregEngAbs.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+abstract IrregEngAbs = Cat ** {
+fun
+  awake_V : V ;
+  bear_V : V ;
+  beat_V : V ;
+  become_V : V ;
+  begin_V : V ;
+  bend_V : V ;
+  beset_V : V ;
+  bet_V : V ;
+  bid_V : V ;
+  bind_V : V ;
+  bite_V : V ;
+  bleed_V : V ;
+  blow_V : V ;
+  break_V : V ;
+  breed_V : V ;
+  bring_V : V ;
+  broadcast_V : V ;
+  build_V : V ;
+  burn_V : V ;
+  burst_V : V ;
+  buy_V : V ;
+  cast_V : V ;
+  catch_V : V ;
+  choose_V : V ;
+  cling_V : V ;
+  come_V : V ;
+  cost_V : V ;
+  creep_V : V ;
+  cut_V : V ;
+  deal_V : V ;
+  dig_V : V ;
+  dive_V : V ;
+  do_V : V ;
+  draw_V : V ;
+  dream_V : V ;
+  drive_V : V ;
+  drink_V : V ;
+  eat_V : V ;
+  fall_V : V ;
+  feed_V : V ;
+  feel_V : V ;
+  fight_V : V ;
+  find_V : V ;
+  fit_V : V ;
+  flee_V : V ;
+  fling_V : V ;
+  fly_V : V ;
+  forbid_V : V ;
+  forget_V : V ;
+  forgive_V : V ;
+  forsake_V : V ;
+  freeze_V : V ;
+  get_V : V ;
+  give_V : V ;
+  go_V : V ;
+  grind_V : V ;
+  grow_V : V ;
+  hang_V : V ;
+  have_V : V ;
+  hear_V : V ;
+  hide_V : V ;
+  hit_V : V ;
+  hold_V : V ;
+  hurt_V : V ;
+  keep_V : V ;
+  kneel_V : V ;
+  knit_V : V ;
+  know_V : V ;
+  lay_V : V ;
+  lead_V : V ;
+  leap_V : V ;
+  learn_V : V ;
+  leave_V : V ;
+  lend_V : V ;
+  let_V : V ;
+  lie_V : V ;
+  light_V : V ;
+  lose_V : V ;
+  make_V : V ;
+  mean_V : V ;
+  meet_V : V ;
+  misspell_V : V ;
+  mistake_V : V ;
+  mow_V : V ;
+  overcome_V : V ;
+  overdo_V : V ;
+  overtake_V : V ;
+  overthrow_V : V ;
+  pay_V : V ;
+  plead_V : V ;
+  prove_V : V ;
+  put_V : V ;
+  quit_V : V ;
+  read_V : V ;
+  rid_V : V ;
+  ride_V : V ;
+  ring_V : V ;
+  rise_V : V ;
+  run_V : V ;
+  saw_V : V ;
+  say_V : V ;
+  see_V : V ;
+  seek_V : V ;
+  sell_V : V ;
+  send_V : V ;
+  set_V : V ;
+  sew_V : V ;
+  shake_V : V ;
+  shave_V : V ;
+  shear_V : V ;
+  shed_V : V ;
+  shine_V : V ;
+  shoe_V : V ;
+  shoot_V : V ;
+  show_V : V ;
+  shrink_V : V ;
+  shut_V : V ;
+  sing_V : V ;
+  sink_V : V ;
+  sit_V : V ;
+  sleep_V : V ;
+  slay_V : V ;
+  slide_V : V ;
+  sling_V : V ;
+  slit_V : V ;
+  smite_V : V ;
+  sow_V : V ;
+  speak_V : V ;
+  speed_V : V ;
+  spend_V : V ;
+  spill_V : V ;
+  spin_V : V ;
+  spit_V : V ;
+  split_V : V ;
+  spread_V : V ;
+  spring_V : V ;
+  stand_V : V ;
+  steal_V : V ;
+  stick_V : V ;
+  sting_V : V ;
+  stink_V : V ;
+  stride_V : V ;
+  strike_V : V ;
+  string_V : V ;
+  strive_V : V ;
+  swear_V : V ;
+  sweep_V : V ;
+  swell_V : V ;
+  swim_V : V ;
+  swing_V : V ;
+  take_V : V ;
+  teach_V : V ;
+  tear_V : V ;
+  tell_V : V ;
+  think_V : V ;
+  thrive_V : V ;
+  throw_V : V ;
+  thrust_V : V ;
+  tread_V : V ;
+  understand_V : V ;
+  uphold_V : V ;
+  upset_V : V ;
+  wake_V : V ;
+  wear_V : V ;
+  weave_V : V ;
+  wed_V : V ;
+  weep_V : V ;
+  wind_V : V ;
+  win_V : V ;
+  withhold_V : V ;
+  withstand_V : V ;
+  wring_V : V ;
+  write_V : V ;
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/IrregLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/IrregLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20657f086
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/IrregLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+----# -path=.:prelude:../abstract:../common
+--
+--concrete IrregLat of IrregLatAbs = CatLat ** open ParadigmsLat in {
+--
+--flags optimize=values ;
+--
+--  lin
+--  awake_V = irregV "awake" "awoke" "awoken" ;
+--  bear_V = irregV "bear" "bore" "born" ;
+--  beat_V = irregV "beat" "beat" "beat" ;
+--  become_V = irregV "become" "became" "become" ;
+--  begin_V = irregV "begin" "began" "begun" ;
+--  bend_V = irregV "bend" "bent" "bent" ;
+--  beset_V = irregV "beset" "beset" "beset" ;
+--  bet_V = irregDuplV "bet" "bet" "bet" ;
+--  bid_V = irregDuplV "bid" (variants {"bid" ; "bade"}) (variants {"bid" ; "bidden"}) ;
+--  bind_V = irregV "bind" "bound" "bound" ;
+--  bite_V = irregV "bite" "bit" "bitten" ;
+--  bleed_V = irregV "bleed" "bled" "bled" ;
+--  blow_V = irregV "blow" "blew" "blown" ;
+--  break_V = irregV "break" "broke" "broken" ;
+--  breed_V = irregV "breed" "bred" "bred" ;
+--  bring_V = irregV "bring" "brought" "brought" ;
+--  broadcast_V = irregV "broadcast" "broadcast" "broadcast" ;
+--  build_V = irregV "build" "built" "built" ;
+--  burn_V = irregV "burn" (variants {"burned" ; "burnt"}) (variants {"burned" ; "burnt"}) ;
+--  burst_V = irregV "burst" "burst" "burst" ;
+--  buy_V = irregV "buy" "bought" "bought" ;
+--  cast_V = irregV "cast" "cast" "cast" ;
+--  catch_V = irregV "catch" "caught" "caught" ;
+--  choose_V = irregV "choose" "chose" "chosen" ;
+--  cling_V = irregV "cling" "clung" "clung" ;
+--  come_V = irregV "come" "came" "come" ;
+--  cost_V = irregV "cost" "cost" "cost" ;
+--  creep_V = irregV "creep" "crept" "crept" ;
+--  cut_V = irregDuplV "cut" "cut" "cut" ;
+--  deal_V = irregV "deal" "dealt" "dealt" ;
+--  dig_V = irregDuplV "dig" "dug" "dug" ;
+--  dive_V = irregV "dive" (variants {"dived" ; "dove"}) "dived" ;
+--  do_V = mk5V "do" "does" "did" "done" "doing" ;
+--  draw_V = irregV "draw" "drew" "drawn" ;
+--  dream_V = irregV "dream" (variants {"dreamed" ; "dreamt"}) (variants {"dreamed" ; "dreamt"}) ;
+--  drive_V = irregV "drive" "drove" "driven" ;
+--  drink_V = irregV "drink" "drank" "drunk" ;
+--  eat_V = irregV "eat" "ate" "eaten" ;
+--  fall_V = irregV "fall" "fell" "fallen" ;
+--  feed_V = irregV "feed" "fed" "fed" ;
+--  feel_V = irregV "feel" "felt" "felt" ;
+--  fight_V = irregV "fight" "fought" "fought" ;
+--  find_V = irregV "find" "found" "found" ;
+--  fit_V = irregDuplV "fit" "fit" "fit" ;
+--  flee_V = irregV "flee" "fled" "fled" ;
+--  fling_V = irregV "fling" "flung" "flung" ;
+--  fly_V = irregV "fly" "flew" "flown" ;
+--  forbid_V = irregDuplV "forbid" "forbade" "forbidden" ;
+--  forget_V = irregDuplV "forget" "forgot" "forgotten" ;
+--  forgive_V = irregV "forgive" "forgave" "forgiven" ;
+--  forsake_V = irregV "forsake" "forsook" "forsaken" ;
+--  freeze_V = irregV "freeze" "froze" "frozen" ;
+--  get_V = irregDuplV "get" "got" "gotten" ;
+--  give_V = irregV "give" "gave" "given" ;
+--  go_V = mk5V "go" "goes" "went" "gone" "going" ;
+--  grind_V = irregV "grind" "ground" "ground" ;
+--  grow_V = irregV "grow" "grew" "grown" ;
+--  hang_V = irregV "hang" "hung" "hung" ;
+--  have_V = mk5V "have" "has" "had" "had" "having" ;
+--  hear_V = irregV "hear" "heard" "heard" ;
+--  hide_V = irregV "hide" "hid" "hidden" ;
+--  hit_V = irregDuplV "hit" "hit" "hit" ;
+--  hold_V = irregV "hold" "held" "held" ;
+--  hurt_V = irregV "hurt" "hurt" "hurt" ;
+--  keep_V = irregV "keep" "kept" "kept" ;
+--  kneel_V = irregV "kneel" "knelt" "knelt" ;
+--  knit_V = irregDuplV "knit" "knit" "knit" ;
+--  know_V = irregV "know" "knew" "know" ;
+--  lay_V = irregV "lay" "laid" "laid" ;
+--  lead_V = irregV "lead" "led" "led" ;
+--  leap_V = irregV "leap" (variants {"leaped" ; "lept"}) (variants {"leaped" ; "lept"}) ;
+--  learn_V = irregV "learn" (variants {"learned" ; "learnt"}) (variants {"learned" ; "learnt"}) ;
+--  leave_V = irregV "leave" "left" "left" ;
+--  lend_V = irregV "lend" "lent" "lent" ;
+--  let_V = irregDuplV "let" "let" "let" ;
+--  lie_V = irregV "lie" "lay" "lain" ;
+--  light_V = irregV "light" (variants {"lighted" ; "lit"}) "lighted" ;
+--  lose_V = irregV "lose" "lost" "lost" ;
+--  make_V = irregV "make" "made" "made" ;
+--  mean_V = irregV "mean" "meant" "meant" ;
+--  meet_V = irregV "meet" "met" "met" ;
+--  misspell_V = irregV "misspell" (variants {"misspelled" ; "misspelt"}) (variants {"misspelled" ; "misspelt"}) ;
+--  mistake_V = irregV "mistake" "mistook" "mistaken" ;
+--  mow_V = irregV "mow" "mowed" (variants {"mowed" ; "mown"}) ;
+--  overcome_V = irregV "overcome" "overcame" "overcome" ;
+--  overdo_V = mk5V "overdo" "overdoes" "overdid" "overdone" "overdoing" ;
+--  overtake_V = irregV "overtake" "overtook" "overtaken" ;
+--  overthrow_V = irregV "overthrow" "overthrew" "overthrown" ;
+--  pay_V = irregV "pay" "paid" "paid" ;
+--  plead_V = irregV "plead" "pled" "pled" ;
+--  prove_V = irregV "prove" "proved" (variants {"proved" ; "proven"}) ;
+--  put_V = irregDuplV "put" "put" "put" ;
+--  quit_V = irregDuplV "quit" "quit" "quit" ;
+--  read_V = irregV "read" "read" "read" ;
+--  rid_V = irregDuplV "rid" "rid" "rid" ;
+--  ride_V = irregV "ride" "rode" "ridden" ;
+--  ring_V = irregV "ring" "rang" "rung" ;
+--  rise_V = irregV "rise" "rose" "risen" ;
+--  run_V = irregDuplV "run" "ran" "run" ;
+--  saw_V = irregV "saw" "sawed" (variants {"sawed" ; "sawn"}) ;
+--  say_V = irregV "say" "said" "said" ;
+--  see_V = irregV "see" "saw" "seen" ;
+--  seek_V = irregV "seek" "sought" "sought" ;
+--  sell_V = irregV "sell" "sold" "sold" ;
+--  send_V = irregV "send" "sent" "sent" ;
+--  set_V = irregDuplV "set" "set" "set" ;
+--  sew_V = irregV "sew" "sewed" (variants {"sewed" ; "sewn"}) ;
+--  shake_V = irregV "shake" "shook" "shaken" ;
+--  shave_V = irregV "shave" "shaved" (variants {"shaved" ; "shaven"}) ;
+--  shear_V = irregV "shear" "shore" "shorn" ;
+--  shed_V = irregDuplV "shed" "shed" "shed" ;
+--  shine_V = irregV "shine" "shone" "shone" ;
+--  shoe_V = irregV "shoe" "shoed" (variants {"shoed" ; "shod"}) ;
+--  shoot_V = irregV "shoot" "shot" "shot" ;
+--  show_V = irregV "show" "showed" (variants {"showed" ; "shown"}) ;
+--  shrink_V = irregV "shrink" "shrank" "shrunk" ;
+--  shut_V = irregDuplV "shut" "shut" "shut" ;
+--  sing_V = irregV "sing" "sang" "sung" ;
+--  sink_V = irregV "sink" "sank" "sunk" ;
+--  sit_V = irregDuplV "sit" "sat" "sat" ;
+--  sleep_V = irregV "sleep" "slept" "slept" ;
+--  slay_V = irregV "slay" "slew" "slain" ;
+--  slide_V = irregV "slide" "slid" "slid" ;
+--  sling_V = irregV "sling" "slung" "slung" ;
+--  slit_V = irregDuplV "slit" "slit" "slit" ;
+--  smite_V = irregV "smite" "smote" "smitten" ;
+--  sow_V = irregV "sow" "sowed" (variants {"sowed" ; "sown"}) ;
+--  speak_V = irregV "speak" "spoke" "spoken" ;
+--  speed_V = irregV "speed" "sped" "sped" ;
+--  spend_V = irregV "spend" "spent" "spent" ;
+--  spill_V = irregV "spill" (variants {"spilled" ; "spilt"}) (variants {"spilled" ; "spilt"}) ;
+--  spin_V = irregDuplV "spin" "spun" "spun" ;
+--  spit_V = irregDuplV "spit" (variants {"spit" ; "spat"}) "spit" ;
+--  split_V = irregDuplV "split" "split" "split" ;
+--  spread_V = irregV "spread" "spread" "spread" ;
+--  spring_V = irregV "spring" (variants {"sprang" ; "sprung"}) "sprung" ;
+--  stand_V = irregV "stand" "stood" "stood" ;
+--  steal_V = irregV "steal" "stole" "stolen" ;
+--  stick_V = irregV "stick" "stuck" "stuck" ;
+--  sting_V = irregV "sting" "stung" "stung" ;
+--  stink_V = irregV "stink" "stank" "stunk" ;
+--  stride_V = irregV "stride" "strod" "stridden" ;
+--  strike_V = irregV "strike" "struck" "struck" ;
+--  string_V = irregV "string" "strung" "strung" ;
+--  strive_V = irregV "strive" "strove" "striven" ;
+--  swear_V = irregV "swear" "swore" "sworn" ;
+--  sweep_V = irregV "sweep" "swept" "swept" ;
+--  swell_V = irregV "swell" "swelled" (variants {"swelled" ; "swollen"}) ;
+--  swim_V = irregDuplV "swim" "swam" "swum" ;
+--  swing_V = irregV "swing" "swung" "swung" ;
+--  take_V = irregV "take" "took" "taken" ;
+--  teach_V = irregV "teach" "taught" "taught" ;
+--  tear_V = irregV "tear" "tore" "torn" ;
+--  tell_V = irregV "tell" "told" "told" ;
+--  think_V = irregV "think" "thought" "thought" ;
+--  thrive_V = irregV "thrive" (variants {"thrived" ; "throve"}) "thrived" ;
+--  throw_V = irregV "throw" "threw" "thrown" ;
+--  thrust_V = irregV "thrust" "thrust" "thrust" ;
+--  tread_V = irregV "tread" "trod" "trodden" ;
+--  understand_V = irregV "understand" "understood" "understood" ;
+--  uphold_V = irregV "uphold" "upheld" "upheld" ;
+--  upset_V = irregDuplV "upset" "upset" "upset" ;
+--  wake_V = irregV "wake" "woke" "woken" ;
+--  wear_V = irregV "wear" "wore" "worn" ;
+--  weave_V = irregV "weave" (variants {"weaved" ; "wove"}) (variants {"weaved" ; "woven"}) ;
+--  wed_V = irregDuplV "wed" "wed" "wed" ;
+--  weep_V = irregV "weep" "wept" "wept" ;
+--  wind_V = irregV "wind" "wound" "wound" ;
+--  win_V = irregDuplV "win" "won" "won" ;
+--  withhold_V = irregV "withhold" "withheld" "withheld" ;
+--  withstand_V = irregV "withstand" "withstood" "withstood" ;
+--  wring_V = irregV "wring" "wrung" "wrung" ;
+--  write_V = irregV "write" "wrote" "written" ;
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/LangLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/LangLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c84169b5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/LangLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+
+concrete LangLat of Lang = 
+  GrammarLat,
+  LexiconLat
+  ** {
+
+flags startcat = Phr ; unlexer = text ; lexer = text ;
+
+} ;
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/LexiconLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/LexiconLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c0fc16a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/LexiconLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+--# -path=.:prelude
+
+concrete LexiconLat of Lexicon = CatLat ** open 
+  ParadigmsLat, 
+--  IrregLat, 
+  Prelude in {
+
+flags 
+  optimize=values ;
+
+lin
+--  airplane_N = mkN "airplane" ;
+--  answer_V2S = mkV2S (regV "answer") toP ;
+--  apartment_N = mkN "apartment" ;
+--  apple_N = mkN "apple" ;
+  art_N = mkN "ars" ;
+--  ask_V2Q = mkV2Q (regV "ask") noPrep ;
+  baby_N = mkN "infans" ;
+  bad_A = mkA "malus" ;
+--  bank_N = mkN "bank" ;
+  beautiful_A = mkA "pulcher" ;
+--  become_VA = mkVA (irregV "become" "became" "become") ;
+  beer_N = mkN "cerevisia" ;
+--  beg_V2V = mkV2V (regDuplV "beg") noPrep toP ;
+  big_A = mkA "magnus" ;
+--  bike_N = mkN "bike" ;
+  bird_N = mkN "avis" "avis" masculine ;
+  black_A = mkA "niger" ;
+--  blue_A = regADeg "blue" ;
+--  boat_N = mkN "boat" ;
+  book_N = mkN "liber" ;
+--  boot_N = mkN "boot" ;
+--  boss_N = mkN human (mkN "boss") ;
+  boy_N = mkN "liber" ;
+  bread_N = mkN "panis" "panis" masculine ;
+  break_V2 = mkV2 (mkV "rumpo" "rupi" "ruptum" "rumpere") ;
+--  broad_A = regADeg "broad" ;
+--  brother_N2 = mkN2 (mkN masculine (mkN "brother")) (mkPrep "of") ;
+--  brown_A = regADeg "brown" ;
+--  butter_N = mkN "butter" ;
+--  buy_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "buy" "bought" "bought") ;
+--  camera_N = mkN "camera" ;
+--  cap_N = mkN "cap" ;
+--  car_N = mkN "car" ;
+--  carpet_N = mkN "carpet" ;
+  cat_N = mkN "felis" ;
+--  ceiling_N = mkN "ceiling" ;
+--  chair_N = mkN "chair" ;
+--  cheese_N = mkN "cheese" ;
+--  child_N = mk2N "child" "children" ;
+--  church_N = mkN "church" ;
+  city_N = mkN "urbs" "urbis" feminine ;
+--  clean_A = regADeg "clean" ;
+--  clever_A = regADeg "clever" ;
+--  close_V2 = dirV2 (regV "close") ;
+--  coat_N = mkN "coat" ;
+--  cold_A = regADeg "cold" ;
+--  come_V = (irregV "come" "came" "come") ;
+--  computer_N = mkN "computer" ;
+--  country_N = mkN "country" ;
+--  cousin_N = mkN human (mkN "cousin") ;
+--  cow_N = mkN "cow" ;
+--  die_V = (regV "die") ;
+--  dirty_A = regADeg "dirty" ;
+--  distance_N3 = mkN3 (mkN "distance") fromP toP ;
+--  doctor_N = mkN human (mkN "doctor") ;
+--  dog_N = mkN "dog" ;
+--  door_N = mkN "door" ;
+--  drink_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "drink" "drank" "drunk") ;
+--  easy_A2V = mkA2V (regA "easy") forP ;
+--  eat_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "eat" "ate" "eaten") ;
+--  empty_A = regADeg "empty" ;
+--  enemy_N = mkN "enemy" ;
+--  factory_N = mkN "factory" ;
+--  father_N2 = mkN2 (mkN masculine (mkN "father")) (mkPrep "of") ;
+--  fear_VS = mkVS (regV "fear") ;
+--  find_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "find" "found" "found") ;
+--  fish_N = mk2N "fish" "fish" ;
+--  floor_N = mkN "floor" ;
+--  forget_V2 = dirV2 (irregDuplV "forget" "forgot" "forgotten") ;
+--  fridge_N = mkN "fridge" ;
+--  friend_N = mkN human (mkN "friend") ;
+--  fruit_N = mkN "fruit" ;
+--  fun_AV = mkAV (regA "fun") ;
+--  garden_N = mkN "garden" ;
+--  girl_N = mkN feminine (mkN "girl") ;
+--  glove_N = mkN "glove" ;
+  gold_N = mkN "aurum" ;
+  good_A = mkA "bonus" ;
+--  go_V = mk5V "go" "goes" "went" "gone" "going" ;
+--  green_A = regADeg "green" ;
+--  harbour_N = mkN "harbour" ;
+--  hate_V2 = dirV2 (regV "hate") ;
+--  hat_N = mkN "hat" ;
+--  have_V2 = dirV2 (mk5V "have" "has" "had" "had" "having") ;
+--  hear_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "hear" "heard" "heard") ;
+--  hill_N = mkN "hill" ;
+--  hope_VS = mkVS (regV "hope") ;
+--  horse_N = mkN "horse" ;
+--  hot_A = duplADeg "hot" ;
+--  house_N = mkN "house" ;
+--  important_A = compoundADeg (regA "important") ;
+--  industry_N = mkN "industry" ;
+--  iron_N = mkN "iron" ;
+--  king_N = mkN masculine (mkN "king") ;
+--  know_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "know" "knew" "known") ;
+--  lake_N = mkN "lake" ;
+--  lamp_N = mkN "lamp" ;
+--  learn_V2 = dirV2 (regV "learn") ;
+--  leather_N = mkN "leather" ;
+--  leave_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "leave" "left" "left") ;
+--  like_V2 = dirV2 (regV "like") ;
+--  listen_V2 = prepV2 (regV "listen") toP ;
+--  live_V = (regV "live") ;
+--  long_A = regADeg "long" ;
+--  lose_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "lose" "lost" "lost") ;
+  love_N = mkN "amor" ;
+  love_V2 = mkV2 "amare" ;
+--  man_N = mkN masculine (mk2N "man" "men") ;
+--  married_A2 = mkA2 (regA "married") toP ;
+--  meat_N = mkN "meat" ;
+--  milk_N = mkN "milk" ;
+--  moon_N = mkN "moon" ;
+--  mother_N2 = mkN2 (mkN feminine (mkN "mother")) (mkPrep "of") ;
+--  mountain_N = mkN "mountain" ;
+--  music_N = mkN "music" ;
+--  narrow_A = regADeg "narrow" ;
+--  new_A = regADeg "new" ;
+--  newspaper_N = mkN "newspaper" ;
+--  oil_N = mkN "oil" ;
+--  old_A = regADeg "old" ;
+--  open_V2 = dirV2 (regV "open") ;
+--  paint_V2A = mkV2A (regV "paint") noPrep ;
+--  paper_N = mkN "paper" ;
+--  paris_PN = mkPN (mkN nonhuman (mkN "Paris")) ;
+--  peace_N = mkN "peace" ;
+--  pen_N = mkN "pen" ;
+--  planet_N = mkN "planet" ;
+--  plastic_N = mkN "plastic" ;
+--  play_V2 = dirV2 (regV "play") ;
+--  policeman_N = mkN masculine (mkN "policeman" "policemen") ;
+--  priest_N = mkN human (mkN "priest") ;
+--  probable_AS = mkAS (regA "probable") ;
+--  queen_N = mkN feminine (mkN "queen") ;
+--  radio_N = mkN "radio" ;
+--  rain_V0 = mkV0 (regV "rain") ;
+--  read_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "read" "read" "read") ;
+--  red_A = duplADeg "red" ;
+--  religion_N = mkN "religion" ;
+--  restaurant_N = mkN "restaurant" ;
+--  river_N = mkN "river" ;
+--  rock_N = mkN "rock" ;
+--  roof_N = mkN "roof" ;
+--  rubber_N = mkN "rubber" ;
+--  run_V = (irregDuplV "run" "ran" "run") ;
+--  say_VS = mkVS (irregV "say" "said" "said") ;
+--  school_N = mkN "school" ;
+--  science_N = mkN "science" ;
+--  sea_N = mkN "sea" ;
+--  seek_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "seek" "sought" "sought") ;
+--  see_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "see" "saw" "seen") ;
+--  sell_V3 = dirV3 (irregV "sell" "sold" "sold") toP ;
+--  send_V3 = dirV3 (irregV "send" "sent" "sent") toP ;
+--  sheep_N = mk2N "sheep" "sheep" ;
+--  ship_N = mkN "ship" ;
+--  shirt_N = mkN "shirt" ;
+--  shoe_N = mkN "shoe" ;
+--  shop_N = mkN "shop" ;
+--  short_A = regADeg "short" ;
+--  silver_N = mkN "silver" ;
+--  sister_N = mkN2 (mkN feminine (mkN "sister")) (mkPrep "of") ;
+  sleep_V = mkV "dormio" "dormivi" "dormitus" "dormire" ;
+--  small_A = regADeg "small" ;
+--  snake_N = mkN "snake" ;
+--  sock_N = mkN "sock" ;
+--  speak_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "speak" "spoke" "spoken") ;
+--  star_N = mkN "star" ;
+--  steel_N = mkN "steel" ;
+--  stone_N = mkN "stone" ;
+--  stove_N = mkN "stove" ;
+--  student_N = mkN human (mkN "student") ;
+--  stupid_A = regADeg "stupid" ;
+--  sun_N = mkN "sun" ;
+--  switch8off_V2 = dirV2 (partV (regV "switch") "off") ;
+--  switch8on_V2 = dirV2 (partV (regV "switch") "on") ;
+--  table_N = mkN "table" ;
+--  talk_V3 = mkV3 (regV "talk") toP aboutP ;
+--  teacher_N = mkN human (mkN "teacher") ;
+--  teach_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "teach" "taught" "taught") ;
+--  television_N = mkN "television" ;
+--  thick_A = regADeg "thick" ;
+--  thin_A = duplADeg "thin" ;
+--  train_N = mkN "train" ;
+--  travel_V = (regDuplV "travel") ;
+--  tree_N = mkN "tree" ;
+-- ---- trousers_N = mkN "trousers" ;
+--  ugly_A = regADeg "ugly" ;
+--  understand_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "understand" "understood" "understood") ;
+--  university_N = mkN "university" ;
+--  village_N = mkN "village" ;
+--  wait_V2 = prepV2 (regV "wait") forP ;
+--  walk_V = (regV "walk") ;
+--  warm_A = regADeg "warm" ;
+--  war_N = mkN "war" ;
+--  watch_V2 = dirV2 (regV "watch") ;
+--  water_N = mkN "water" ;
+--  white_A = regADeg "white" ;
+--  window_N = mkN "window" ;
+--  wine_N = mkN "wine" ;
+--  win_V2 = dirV2 (irregDuplV "win" "won" "won") ;
+--  woman_N = mkN feminine (mk2N "woman" "women") ;
+--  wonder_VQ = mkVQ (regV "wonder") ;
+--  wood_N = mkN "wood" ;
+--  write_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "write" "wrote" "written") ;
+--  yellow_A = regADeg "yellow" ;
+--  young_A = regADeg "young" ;
+--
+--  do_V2 = dirV2 (mk5V "do" "does" "did" "done" "doing") ;
+--  now_Adv = mkAdv "now" ;
+--  already_Adv = mkAdv "already" ;
+--  song_N = mkN "song" ;
+--  add_V3 = dirV3 (regV "add") toP ;
+--  number_N = mkN "number" ;
+--  put_V2 = prepV2 (irregDuplV "put" "put" "put") noPrep ;
+--  stop_V = regDuplV "stop" ;
+--  jump_V = regV "jump" ;
+--
+--  left_Ord = ss "left" ;
+--  right_Ord = ss "right" ;
+--  far_Adv = mkAdv "far" ;
+--  correct_A = (regA "correct") ;
+--  dry_A = regA "dry" ;
+--  dull_A = regA "dull" ;
+--  full_A = regA "full" ;
+--  heavy_A = regA "heavy" ;
+--  near_A = regA "near" ;
+--  rotten_A = (regA "rotten") ;
+--  round_A = regA "round" ;
+--  sharp_A = regA "sharp" ;
+--  smooth_A = regA "smooth" ;
+--  straight_A = regA "straight" ;
+--  wet_A = regA "wet" ; ----
+--  wide_A = regA "wide" ;
+--  animal_N = mkN "animal" ;
+--  ashes_N = mkN "ash" ; -- FIXME: plural only?
+--  back_N = mkN "back" ;
+--  bark_N = mkN "bark" ;
+--  belly_N = mkN "belly" ;
+--  blood_N = mkN "blood" ;
+--  bone_N = mkN "bone" ;
+--  breast_N = mkN "breast" ;
+--  cloud_N = mkN "cloud" ;
+--  day_N = mkN "day" ;
+--  dust_N = mkN "dust" ;
+--  ear_N = mkN "ear" ;
+--  earth_N = mkN "earth" ;
+--  egg_N = mkN "egg" ;
+--  eye_N = mkN "eye" ;
+--  fat_N = mkN "fat" ;
+--  feather_N = mkN "feather" ;
+--  fingernail_N = mkN "fingernail" ;
+--  fire_N = mkN "fire" ;
+--  flower_N = mkN "flower" ;
+--  fog_N = mkN "fog" ;
+--  foot_N = mk2N "foot" "feet" ;
+--  forest_N = mkN "forest" ;
+--  grass_N = mkN "grass" ;
+--  guts_N = mkN "gut" ; -- FIXME: no singular
+--  hair_N = mkN "hair" ;
+--  hand_N = mkN "hand" ;
+--  head_N = mkN "head" ;
+--  heart_N = mkN "heart" ;
+--  horn_N = mkN "horn" ;
+--  husband_N = mkN masculine (mkN "husband") ;
+--  ice_N = mkN "ice" ;
+--  knee_N = mkN "knee" ;
+--  leaf_N = mk2N "leaf" "leaves" ;
+--  leg_N = mkN "leg" ;
+--  liver_N = mkN "liver" ;
+--  louse_N = mk2N "louse" "lice" ;
+--  mouth_N = mkN "mouth" ;
+--  name_N = mkN "name" ;
+--  neck_N = mkN "neck" ;
+--  night_N = mkN "night" ;
+--  nose_N = mkN "nose" ;
+--  person_N = mkN human (mkN "person") ;
+--  rain_N = mkN "rain" ;
+--  road_N = mkN "road" ;
+--  root_N = mkN "root" ;
+--  rope_N = mkN "rope" ;
+--  salt_N = mkN "salt" ;
+--  sand_N = mkN "sand" ;
+--  seed_N = mkN "seed" ;
+--  skin_N = mkN "skin" ;
+--  sky_N = mkN "sky" ;
+--  smoke_N = mkN "smoke" ;
+--  snow_N = mkN "snow" ;
+--  stick_N = mkN "stick" ;
+--  tail_N = mkN "tail" ;
+--  tongue_N = mkN "tongue" ;
+--  tooth_N = mk2N "tooth" "teeth" ;
+--  wife_N = mkN feminine (mk2N "wife" "wives") ;
+--  wind_N = mkN "wind" ;
+--  wing_N = mkN "wing" ;
+--  worm_N = mkN "worm" ;
+--  year_N = mkN "year" ;
+--  blow_V = IrregLat.blow_V ;
+--  breathe_V = dirV2 (regV "breathe") ;
+--  burn_V = IrregLat.burn_V ;
+--  dig_V = IrregLat.dig_V ;
+--  fall_V = IrregLat.fall_V ;
+--  float_V = regV "float" ;
+--  flow_V = regV "flow" ;
+--  fly_V = IrregLat.fly_V ;
+--  freeze_V = IrregLat.freeze_V ;
+--  give_V3 = dirV3 give_V toP ;
+--  laugh_V = regV "laugh" ;
+--  lie_V = IrregLat.lie_V ;
+--  play_V = regV "play" ;
+--  sew_V = IrregLat.sew_V ;
+--  sing_V = IrregLat.sing_V ;
+--  sit_V = IrregLat.sit_V ;
+--  smell_V = regV "smell" ;
+--  spit_V = IrregLat.spit_V ;
+--  stand_V = IrregLat.stand_V ;
+--  swell_V = IrregLat.swell_V ;
+--  swim_V = IrregLat.swim_V ;
+--  think_V = IrregLat.think_V ;
+--  turn_V = regV "turn" ;
+--  vomit_V = regV "vomit" ;
+--
+--  bite_V2 = dirV2 IrregLat.bite_V ;
+--  count_V2 = dirV2 (regV "count") ;
+--  cut_V2 = dirV2 IrregLat.cut_V ;
+--  fear_V2 = dirV2 (regV "fear") ;
+--  fight_V2 = dirV2 fight_V ;
+--  hit_V2 = dirV2 hit_V ;
+--  hold_V2 = dirV2 hold_V ;
+--  hunt_V2 = dirV2 (regV "hunt") ;
+--  kill_V2 = dirV2 (regV "kill") ;
+--  pull_V2 = dirV2 (regV "pull") ;
+--  push_V2 = dirV2 (regV "push") ;
+--  rub_V2 = dirV2 (regDuplV "rub") ;
+--  scratch_V2 = dirV2 (regV "scratch") ;
+--  split_V2 = dirV2 split_V ;
+--  squeeze_V2 = dirV2 (regV "squeeze") ;
+--  stab_V2 = dirV2 (regDuplV "stab") ;
+--  suck_V2 = dirV2 (regV "suck") ;
+--  throw_V2 = dirV2 throw_V ;
+--  tie_V2 = dirV2 (regV "tie") ;
+--  wash_V2 = dirV2 (regV "wash") ;
+--  wipe_V2 = dirV2 (regV "wipe") ;
+--
+----  other_A = regA "other" ;
+--
+--  grammar_N = mkN "grammar" ;
+--  language_N = mkN "language" ;
+--  rule_N = mkN "rule" ;
+--
+---- added 4/6/2007
+--    john_PN = mkPN (mkN masculine (mkN "John")) ;
+--    question_N = mkN "question" ;
+--    ready_A = regA "ready" ;
+--    reason_N = mkN "reason" ;
+--    today_Adv = mkAdv "today" ;
+--    uncertain_A = regA "uncertain" ;
+--
+--oper
+--  aboutP = mkPrep "about" ;
+--  atP = mkPrep "at" ;
+--  forP = mkPrep "for" ;
+--  fromP = mkPrep "from" ;
+--  inP = mkPrep "in" ;
+--  onP = mkPrep "on" ;
+--  toP = mkPrep "to" ;
+--
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/MorphoLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/MorphoLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1236145d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/MorphoLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+----# -path=.:../../prelude
+--
+----1 A Simple Latlish Resource Morphology
+----
+---- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2005
+----
+---- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource
+---- syntax. To build a lexicon, it is better to use $ParadigmsLat$, which
+---- gives a higher-level access to this module.
+--
+--resource MorphoLat = ResLat ** open Prelude, (Predef=Predef) in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all ;
+--
+----2 Phonology
+----
+---- To regulate the use of endings for both nouns, adjectives, and verbs:
+--
+--oper
+--  y2ie : Str -> Str -> Str = \fly,s -> 
+--    let y = last (init fly) in
+--    case y of {
+--      "a" => fly + s ;
+--      "e" => fly + s ;
+--      "o" => fly + s ;
+--      "u" => fly + s ;
+--    _   => init fly + "ie" + s
+--    } ;
+--
+--
+----2 Nouns
+----
+---- For conciseness and abstraction, we define a worst-case macro for
+---- noun inflection. It is used for defining special case that
+---- only need one string as argument.
+--
+--oper
+--  CommonNoun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str} ;
+--
+--  nounGen : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> case last dog of {
+--    "y" => nounY "dog" ;
+--    "s" => nounS (init "dog") ;
+--    _   => nounReg "dog"
+--    } ;
+--
+---- These are auxiliaries to $nounGen$.
+--
+--  nounReg : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> 
+--    mkNoun dog (dog + "s") (dog + "'s") (dog + "s'");
+--  nounS   : Str -> CommonNoun = \kiss -> 
+--    mkNoun kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "'s") (kiss + "es'") ;
+--  nounY   : Str -> CommonNoun = \fl -> 
+--    mkNoun (fl + "y") (fl + "ies") (fl + "y's") (fl + "ies'") ;
+--
+--
+----3 Proper names
+----
+---- Regular proper names are inflected with "'s" in the genitive.
+--
+--  nameReg : Str -> Gender -> {s : Case => Str} = \john,g -> 
+--    {s = table {Gen => john + "'s" ; _ => john} ; g = g} ;
+--
+----2 Determiners
+--
+--  mkDeterminer : Number -> Str -> {s,sp : Str ; n : Number} = \n,s ->
+--    {s,sp = s ; n = n} ;
+--
+----2 Pronouns
+----
+---- Here we define personal pronouns. 
+----
+---- We record the form "mine" and the gender for later use.
+--
+--  Pronoun : Type = 
+--    {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} ;
+--
+--  mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> Gender -> Pronoun = 
+--   \I,me,my,mine,n,p,g -> 
+--    {s = table {Nom => I ; Acc => me ; Gen => my} ; 
+--     a = toAgr n p g
+--    } ;
+--
+--  human : Gender = Masc ; --- doesn't matter
+--
+--  pronI = mkPronoun "I" "me" "my" "mine" Sg P1 human ;
+--  pronYouSg = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Sg P2 human ; -- verb agr OK
+--  pronHe = mkPronoun "he" "him" "his" "his" Sg P3 Masc ;
+--  pronShe = mkPronoun "she" "her" "her" "hers" Sg P3 Fem ;
+--  pronIt = mkPronoun "it" "it" "its" "it" Sg P3 Neutr ;
+--
+--  pronWe = mkPronoun "we" "us" "our" "ours" Pl P1 human ;
+--  pronYouPl = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Pl P2 human ;
+--  pronThey = mkPronoun "they" "them" "their" "theirs" Pl P3 human ; ---
+--
+--
+----2 Adjectives
+----
+---- To form the adjectival and the adverbial forms, two strings are needed
+---- in the worst case. (First without degrees.)
+--
+--  Adjective = {s : AForm => Str} ;
+--
+---- However, most adjectives can be inflected using the final character.
+---- N.B. this is not correct for "shy", but $mkAdjective$ has to be used.
+--
+--  regAdjective : Str -> Adjective = \free -> 
+--    let 
+--      e   = last free ;
+--      fre = init free ;
+--      freely = case e of {
+--        "y" => fre + "ily" ;
+--        _   => free + "ly"
+--        } ;
+--      fre = case e of {
+--        "e" => fre ;
+--        "y" => fre + "i" ;
+--        _   => free
+--        }
+--    in 
+--    mkAdjective free (fre + "er") (fre + "est") freely ; 
+--
+---- Many adjectives are 'inflected' by adding a comparison word.
+--
+--  adjDegrLong : Str -> Adjective = \ridiculous ->
+--    mkAdjective 
+--      ridiculous 
+--      ("more" ++ ridiculous) 
+--      ("most" ++ ridiculous) 
+--      ((regAdjective ridiculous).s ! AAdv) ;
+--
+--
+----3 Verbs
+----
+---- The worst case needs five forms. (The verb "be" is treated separately.)
+--
+--  mkVerb4 : (_,_,_,_: Str) -> Verb = \go,goes,went,gone -> 
+--    let going = case last go of {
+--      "e" => init go + "ing" ;
+--      _ => go + "ing"
+--      }
+--    in
+--    mkVerb go goes went gone going ;
+--
+---- This is what we use to derive the irregular forms in almost all cases
+--
+--  mkVerbIrreg : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \bite,bit,bitten -> 
+--    let bites = case last bite of {
+--      "y" => y2ie bite "s" ;
+--      "s" => init bite + "es" ;
+--      _   => bite + "s"
+--      } 
+--    in mkVerb4 bite bites bit bitten ;
+--
+---- This is used to derive regular forms.
+--
+--  mkVerbReg : Str -> Verb = \soak -> 
+--    let 
+--      soaks = case last soak of {
+--        "y" => y2ie soak "s" ;
+--        "s" => init soak + "es" ;
+--        _   => soak + "s"
+--        } ;
+--      soaked = case last soak of {
+--        "e" => init soak + "s" ;
+--        _   => soak + "ed"
+--        }
+--    in 
+--    mkVerb4 soak soaks soaked soaked ;
+--
+--  verbGen : Str -> Verb = \kill -> case last kill of {
+--    "y" => verbP3y (init kill) ;
+--    "e" => verbP3e (init kill) ;
+--    "s" => verbP3s (init kill) ;
+--    _   => regVerbP3 kill
+--    } ;
+--
+---- These are just auxiliary to $verbGen$.
+--
+--  regVerbP3 : Str -> Verb = \walk -> 
+--    mkVerbIrreg walk (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") ;
+--  verbP3s   : Str -> Verb = \kiss -> 
+--    mkVerb4 kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "ed") (kiss + "ed") ;
+--  verbP3e   : Str -> Verb = \love -> 
+--    mkVerb4 love (love + "s") (love + "d") (love + "d") ;
+--  verbP3y   : Str -> Verb = \cr -> 
+--    mkVerb4 (cr + "y") (cr + "ies") (cr + "ied") (cr + "ied") ;
+--
+----- The particle always appears right after the verb.
+--
+--  verbPart : Verb -> Str -> Verb = \v,p ->
+--    {s = \\f => v.s ! f ++ p ; isRefl = v.isRefl} ;
+--
+--  verbNoPart : Verb -> Verb = \v -> verbPart v [] ;
+--
+--
+--} ;
+--
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/NounLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/NounLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..01eb80a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/NounLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+concrete NounLat of Noun = CatLat ** open ResLat, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lin
+    DetCN det cn = {
+      s = \\c => det.s ! cn.g ! c ++ cn.s ! det.n ! c ; 
+      n = det.n ; g = cn.g ; p = P3
+      } ;
+
+--    UsePN pn = pn ** {a = agrgP3 Sg pn.g} ;
+    UsePron p = p ;
+
+--    PredetNP pred np = {
+--      s = \\c => pred.s ++ np.s ! c ;
+--      a = np.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    PPartNP np v2 = {
+--      s = \\c => np.s ! c ++ v2.s ! VPPart ;
+--      a = np.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    RelNP np rs = {
+--      s = \\c => np.s ! c ++ "," ++ rs.s ! np.a ;
+--      a = np.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    AdvNP np adv = {
+--      s = \\c => np.s ! c ++ adv.s ;
+--      a = np.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    DetQuantOrd quant num ord = {
+--      s  = quant.s ! num.hasCard ! num.n ++ num.s ++ ord.s ; 
+--      sp = quant.sp ! num.hasCard ! num.n ++ num.s ++ ord.s ; 
+--      n  = num.n
+--      } ;
+--
+    DetQuant quant num = {
+      s  = \\g,c => quant.s  ! num.n ! g ! c ++ num.s ! g ! c ;
+      sp = \\g,c => quant.sp ! num.n ! g ! c ++ num.s ! g ! c ;
+      n  = num.n
+      } ;
+
+    DetNP det = {
+      s = det.sp ! Neutr ;
+      g = Neutr ; n = det.n ; p = P3
+      } ;
+
+--    PossPron p = {
+--      s = \\_,_ => p.s ! Gen ;
+--      sp = \\_,_ => p.sp 
+--      } ;
+--
+    NumSg = {s = \\_,_ => [] ; n = Sg} ;
+    NumPl = {s = \\_,_ => [] ; n = Pl} ;
+
+--    NumCard n = n ** {hasCard = True} ;
+--
+--    NumDigits n = {s = n.s ! NCard ; n = n.n} ;
+--    OrdDigits n = {s = n.s ! NOrd} ;
+--
+--    NumNumeral numeral = {s = numeral.s ! NCard; n = numeral.n} ;
+--    OrdNumeral numeral = {s = numeral.s ! NOrd} ;
+--
+--    AdNum adn num = {s = adn.s ++ num.s ; n = num.n} ;
+--
+--    OrdSuperl a = {s = a.s ! AAdj Superl} ;
+
+    DefArt = {
+      s = \\_,_,_ => [] ;
+      sp = \\n,g => (personalPronoun g n P3).s 
+      } ;
+
+--    IndefArt = {
+--      s = \\c,n => case <n,c> of {
+--        <Sg,False> => artIndef ;
+--        _ => []
+--        } ;
+--      sp = \\c,n => case <n,c> of {
+--        <Sg,False> => "one" ;
+--        <Pl,False> => "ones" ;
+--        _ => []
+--        }
+--      } ;
+--
+--    MassNP cn = {
+--      s = cn.s ! Sg ;
+--      a = agrP3 Sg
+--      } ;
+--
+    UseN n = n ;
+--    UseN2 n = n ;
+-----b    UseN3 n = n ;
+--
+--    Use2N3 f = {
+--      s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ;
+--      g = f.g ;
+--      c2 = f.c2
+--      } ;
+--
+--    Use3N3 f = {
+--      s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ;
+--      g = f.g ;
+--      c2 = f.c3
+--      } ;
+--
+--    ComplN2 f x = {s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ++ f.c2 ++ x.s ! c ; g = f.g} ;
+--    ComplN3 f x = {
+--      s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ++ f.c2 ++ x.s ! c ;
+--      g = f.g ;
+--      c2 = f.c3
+--      } ;
+
+    AdjCN ap cn = {
+      s = \\n,c => preOrPost ap.isPre (ap.s ! cn.g ! n ! c) (cn.s ! n ! c) ;
+      g = cn.g
+      } ;
+
+--    RelCN cn rs = {
+--      s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ rs.s ! agrgP3 n cn.g ;
+--      g = cn.g
+--      } ;
+
+    AdvCN cn ad = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ ad.s ; g = cn.g} ;
+
+--    SentCN cn sc = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ sc.s ; g = cn.g} ;
+--
+--    ApposCN cn np = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! Nom ++ np.s ! c ; g = cn.g} ;
+--
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/NumeralLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/NumeralLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2b70db375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/NumeralLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+--concrete NumeralLat of Numeral = CatLat ** open ResLat in {
+--
+--lincat 
+--  Digit = {s : DForm => CardOrd => Str} ;
+--  Sub10 = {s : DForm => CardOrd => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--  Sub100     = {s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--  Sub1000    = {s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--  Sub1000000 = {s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number} ;
+--
+--lin num x = x ;
+--lin n2 = let two = mkNum "two"   "twelve"   "twenty" "second" in
+--         {s = \\f,c => case <f,c> of {
+--             <teen,NOrd> => "twelfth" ;
+--             _ => two.s ! f ! c
+--             }
+--         } ;
+--
+--lin n3 = mkNum "three" "thirteen" "thirty" "third" ;
+--lin n4 = mkNum "four"  "fourteen" "forty" "fourth" ;
+--lin n5 = mkNum "five"  "fifteen"  "fifty" "fifth" ;
+--lin n6 = regNum "six" ;
+--lin n7 = regNum "seven" ;
+--lin n8 = mkNum "eight" "eighteen" "eighty" "eighth" ;
+--lin n9 = mkNum "nine" "nineteen" "ninety" "ninth" ;
+--
+--lin pot01 = mkNum "one" "eleven" "ten" "first" ** {n = Sg} ;
+--lin pot0 d = d ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot110 = regCardOrd "ten" ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot111 = regCardOrd "eleven" ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot1to19 d = {s = d.s ! teen} ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot0as1 n = {s = n.s ! unit}  ** {n = n.n} ;
+--lin pot1 d = {s = d.s ! ten} ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot1plus d e = {
+--   s = \\c => d.s ! ten ! NCard ++ "-" ++ e.s ! unit ! c ; n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot1as2 n = n ;
+--lin pot2 d = {s = \\c => d.s ! unit ! NCard ++ mkCard c "hundred"}  ** {n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot2plus d e = {
+--  s = \\c => d.s ! unit ! NCard ++ "hundred" ++ "and" ++ e.s ! c ; n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot2as3 n = n ;
+--lin pot3 n = {
+--  s = \\c => n.s ! NCard ++ mkCard c "thousand" ; n = Pl} ;
+--lin pot3plus n m = {
+--  s = \\c => n.s ! NCard ++ "thousand" ++ m.s ! c ; n = Pl} ;
+--
+---- numerals as sequences of digits
+--
+--  lincat 
+--    Dig = TDigit ;
+--
+--  lin
+--    IDig d = d ** {tail = T1} ;
+--
+--    IIDig d i = {
+--      s = \\o => d.s ! NCard ++ commaIf i.tail ++ i.s ! o ;
+--      n = Pl ;
+--      tail = inc i.tail
+--    } ;
+--
+--    D_0 = mkDig "0" ;
+--    D_1 = mk3Dig "1" "1st" Sg ;
+--    D_2 = mk2Dig "2" "2nd" ;
+--    D_3 = mk2Dig "3" "3rd" ;
+--    D_4 = mkDig "4" ;
+--    D_5 = mkDig "5" ;
+--    D_6 = mkDig "6" ;
+--    D_7 = mkDig "7" ;
+--    D_8 = mkDig "8" ;
+--    D_9 = mkDig "9" ;
+--
+--  oper
+--    commaIf : DTail -> Str = \t -> case t of {
+--      T3 => "," ;
+--      _ => []
+--      } ;
+--
+--    inc : DTail -> DTail = \t -> case t of {
+--      T1 => T2 ;
+--      T2 => T3 ;
+--      T3 => T1
+--      } ;
+--
+--    mk2Dig : Str -> Str -> TDigit = \c,o -> mk3Dig c o Pl ;
+--    mkDig : Str -> TDigit = \c -> mk2Dig c (c + "th") ;
+--
+--    mk3Dig : Str -> Str -> Number -> TDigit = \c,o,n -> {
+--      s = table {NCard => c ; NOrd => o} ;
+--      n = n
+--      } ;
+--
+--    TDigit = {
+--      n : Number ;
+--      s : CardOrd => Str
+--    } ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/OverloadLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/OverloadLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..466d54b75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/OverloadLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+--resource OverloadLat = Overload with (Grammar = GrammarLat) ;
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/ParadigmsLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/ParadigmsLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..808d46bc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/ParadigmsLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude:../common
+
+--1 Latin Lexical Paradigms
+--
+-- Aarne Ranta 2008
+--
+-- This is an API for the user of the resource grammar 
+-- for adding lexical items. It gives functions for forming
+-- expressions of open categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs.
+-- 
+-- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are
+-- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$. 
+
+resource ParadigmsLat = open 
+  (Predef=Predef), 
+  Prelude, 
+  ResLat,
+  CatLat
+  in {
+
+--2 Parameters 
+--
+-- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
+
+oper
+  masculine : Gender ;
+  feminine  : Gender ;
+  neuter    : Gender ;
+
+  mkN = overload {
+    mkN : (verbum : Str) -> N 
+      = \n -> noun n ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+    mkN : (verbum, verbi : Str) -> Gender -> N 
+      = \x,y,z -> noun_ngg x y z ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+  } ;
+  
+  mkA = overload {
+    mkA : (verbum : Str) -> A 
+      = \n -> adj n ** {isPre = False ; lock_A = <>} ;
+    mkA : (verbum, verbi : Str) -> A 
+      = \x,y -> adj123 x y ** {isPre = False ; lock_A = <>} ;
+    mkA : (bonus,bona,bonum : N) -> A 
+      = \x,y,z -> mkAdjective x y z ** {isPre = False ; lock_A = <>} ;
+  } ;
+  
+
+  mkV = overload {
+    mkV : (tacere : Str) -> V
+      = \v -> verb v ** {lock_V = <>} ; 
+    mkV : (iacio,ieci,iactus,iacere : Str) -> V
+      = \v,x,y,z -> verb_pppi v x y z ** {lock_V = <>} ; 
+  } ;
+
+  mkV2 = overload {
+    mkV2 : (amare : Str) -> V2
+      = \v -> verb v ** {c = {s = [] ; c = Acc} ; lock_V2 = <>} ; 
+    mkV2 : (facere : V) -> V2
+      = \v -> v ** {c = {s = [] ; c = Acc} ; lock_V2 = <>} ; 
+    } ;
+--.
+  masculine = Masc ;
+  feminine = Fem ;
+  neuter = Neutr ;
+
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/PhraseLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/PhraseLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c92d447b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/PhraseLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+--concrete PhraseLat of Phrase = CatLat ** open Prelude, ResLat in {
+--
+--  lin
+--    PhrUtt pconj utt voc = {s = pconj.s ++ utt.s ++ voc.s} ;
+--
+--    UttS s = s ;
+--    UttQS qs = {s = qs.s ! QDir} ;
+--    UttImpSg pol imp = {s = pol.s ++ imp.s ! contrNeg True pol.p ! ImpF Sg False} ;
+--    UttImpPl pol imp = {s = pol.s ++ imp.s ! contrNeg True pol.p ! ImpF Pl False} ;
+--    UttImpPol pol imp = {s = pol.s ++ imp.s ! contrNeg True pol.p ! ImpF Sg True} ;
+--
+--    UttIP ip = {s = ip.s ! Nom} ; --- Acc also
+--    UttIAdv iadv = iadv ;
+--    UttNP np = {s = np.s ! Nom} ;
+--    UttVP vp = {s = infVP False vp (agrP3 Sg)} ;
+--    UttAdv adv = adv ;
+--
+--    NoPConj = {s = []} ;
+--    PConjConj conj = {s = conj.s2} ; ---
+--
+--    NoVoc = {s = []} ;
+--    VocNP np = {s = "," ++ np.s ! Nom} ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/QuestionLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/QuestionLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..834fabcd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/QuestionLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+--concrete QuestionLat of Question = CatLat ** open ResLat, Prelude in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+--
+--  lin
+--
+--    QuestCl cl = {
+--      s = \\t,a,p => 
+--            let cls = cl.s ! t ! a ! p 
+--            in table {
+--              QDir   => cls ! OQuest ;
+--              QIndir => "if" ++ cls ! ODir
+--              } ---- "whether" in ExtLat
+--      } ;
+--
+--    QuestVP qp vp = 
+--      let cl = mkClause (qp.s ! Nom) (agrP3 qp.n) vp
+--      in {s = \\t,a,b,_ => cl.s ! t ! a ! b ! ODir} ;
+--
+--    QuestSlash ip slash = 
+--      mkQuestion (ss (slash.c2 ++ ip.s ! Acc)) slash ;
+--      --- stranding in ExratLat 
+--
+--    QuestIAdv iadv cl = mkQuestion iadv cl ;
+--
+--    QuestIComp icomp np = 
+--      mkQuestion icomp (mkClause (np.s ! Nom) np.a (predAux auxBe)) ;
+--
+--
+--    PrepIP p ip = {s = p.s ++ ip.s ! Acc} ;
+--
+--    AdvIP ip adv = {
+--      s = \\c => ip.s ! c ++ adv.s ;
+--      n = ip.n
+--      } ;
+-- 
+--    IdetCN idet cn = {
+--      s = \\c => idet.s ++ cn.s ! idet.n ! c ; 
+--      n = idet.n
+--      } ;
+--
+--    IdetIP idet = {
+--      s = \\c => idet.s ; 
+--      n = idet.n
+--      } ;
+--
+--    IdetQuant idet num = {
+--      s = idet.s ! num.n ++ num.s ; 
+--      n = num.n
+--      } ;
+--
+--    CompIAdv a = a ;
+--    CompIP p = ss (p.s ! Nom) ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/RelativeLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/RelativeLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de25508e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/RelativeLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+--concrete RelativeLat of Relative = CatLat ** open ResLat in {
+--
+--  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+--
+--  lin
+--
+--    RelCl cl = {
+--      s = \\t,a,p,_ => "such" ++ "that" ++ cl.s ! t ! a ! p ! ODir ; 
+--      c = Nom
+--      } ;
+--
+--    RelVP rp vp = {
+--      s = \\t,ant,b,ag => 
+--        let 
+--          agr = case rp.a of {
+--            RNoAg => ag ;
+--            RAg a => a
+--            } ;
+--          cl = mkClause (rp.s ! RC (fromAgr agr).g Nom) agr vp
+--        in
+--        cl.s ! t ! ant ! b ! ODir ;
+--      c = Nom
+--      } ;
+--
+---- Pied piping: "at which we are looking". Stranding and empty
+---- relative are defined in $ExtraLat.gf$ ("that we are looking at", 
+---- "we are looking at").
+--
+--    RelSlash rp slash = {
+--      s = \\t,a,p,agr => 
+--          slash.c2 ++ rp.s ! RPrep (fromAgr agr).g ++ slash.s ! t ! a ! p ! ODir ;
+--      c = Acc
+--      } ;
+--
+--    FunRP p np rp = {
+--      s = \\c => np.s ! Acc ++ p.s ++ rp.s ! RPrep (fromAgr np.a).g ;
+--      a = RAg np.a
+--      } ;
+--
+--    IdRP = 
+--      let varr : Str -> Str = \x -> variants {x ; "that"} --- for bwc
+--      in {
+--      s = table {
+--        RC _ Gen => "whose" ; 
+--        RC Neutr _  => varr "which" ;
+--        RC _ Acc    => varr "whom" ;
+--        RC _ Nom    => varr "who" ;
+--        RPrep Neutr => "which" ;
+--        RPrep _     => "whom"
+--        } ;
+--      a = RNoAg
+--      } ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/ResLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/ResLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c4144180
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/ResLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../../prelude
+
+--1 Latlish auxiliary operations.
+
+resource ResLat = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
+
+param
+  Gender = Masc | Fem | Neutr ;
+  Case = Nom | Acc | Gen | Dat | Abl | Voc ;
+--  Degree = DPos | DComp | DSup ;
+
+oper
+  Noun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
+  Adjective : Type = {s : Gender => Number => Case => Str} ;
+
+  -- worst case
+
+  mkNoun : (n1,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,n10 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = 
+    \sn,sa,sg,sd,sab,sv,pn,pa,pg,pd, g -> {
+    s = table {
+      Sg => table {
+        Nom => sn ;
+        Acc => sa ;
+        Gen => sg ;
+        Dat => sd ;
+        Abl => sab ;
+        Voc => sv
+        } ;
+      Pl => table {
+        Nom | Voc => pn ;
+        Acc => pa ;
+        Gen => pg ;
+        Dat | Abl => pd
+        }
+      } ;
+    g = g
+    } ;
+
+  -- declensions
+
+  noun1 : Str -> Noun = \mensa ->
+    let 
+      mensae = mensa + "a" ;
+      mensis = init mensa + "is" ;
+    in
+    mkNoun 
+      mensa (mensa +"m") mensae mensae mensa mensa
+      mensae (mensa + "s") (mensa + "rum") mensis
+      Fem ;
+
+  noun2us : Str -> Noun = \servus ->
+    let
+      serv = Predef.tk 2 servus ;
+      servum = serv + "um" ;
+      servi = serv + "i" ;
+      servo = serv + "o" ;
+    in
+    mkNoun 
+      servus servum servi servo servo (serv + "e")
+      servi (serv + "os") (serv + "orum") (serv + "is")
+      Masc ;
+
+  noun2er : Str -> Noun = \puer ->
+    let
+      puerum = puer + "um" ;
+      pueri = puer + "i" ;
+      puero = puer + "o" ;
+    in
+    mkNoun 
+      puer puerum pueri puero puero (puer + "e")
+      pueri (puer + "os") (puer + "orum") (puer + "is")
+      Masc ;
+
+  noun2um : Str -> Noun = \bellum ->
+    let
+      bell = Predef.tk 2 bellum ;
+      belli = bell + "i" ;
+      bello = bell + "o" ;
+      bella = bell + "a" ;
+    in
+    mkNoun 
+      bellum bellum belli bello bello (bell + "e")
+      bella bella (bell + "orum") (bell + "is")
+      Neutr ;
+
+-- smart paradigm for declensions 1&2
+
+  noun12 : Str -> Noun = \verbum -> 
+    case verbum of {
+      _ + "a"  => noun1 verbum ;
+      _ + "us" => noun2us verbum ;
+      _ + "um" => noun2um verbum ;
+      _ + "er" => noun2er verbum ;
+      _  => Predef.error ("noun12 does not apply to" ++ verbum)
+      } ;
+
+  noun3c : Str -> Str -> Gender -> Noun = \rex,regis,g ->
+    let
+      reg = Predef.tk 2 regis ;
+      rege : Str = case rex of {
+        _ + "e" => reg + "i" ;
+        _ + ("al" | "ar") => rex + "i" ;
+        _ => reg + "e"
+        } ;
+      regemes : Str * Str = case g of {
+        Neutr => <rex,reg + "a"> ;
+        _     => <reg + "em", reg + "es">
+        } ;
+    in
+    mkNoun
+      rex regemes.p1 (reg + "is") (reg + "i") rege rex
+      regemes.p2 regemes.p2 (reg + "um") (reg + "ibus") 
+      g ;
+
+
+  noun3 : Str -> Noun = \labor -> 
+    case labor of {
+      _    + "r"   => noun3c labor (labor + "is")    Masc ;
+      fl   + "os"  => noun3c labor (fl    + "oris")  Masc ;
+      lim  + "es"  => noun3c labor (lim   + "itis")  Masc ;
+      cod  + "ex"  => noun3c labor (cod   + "icis")  Masc ;
+      poem + "a"   => noun3c labor (poem  + "atis")  Neutr ;
+      calc + "ar"  => noun3c labor (calc  + "aris")  Neutr ;
+      mar  + "e"   => noun3c labor (mar   + "is")    Neutr ;
+      car  + "men" => noun3c labor (car   + "minis") Neutr ;
+      rob  + "ur"  => noun3c labor (rob   + "oris")  Neutr ;
+      temp + "us"  => noun3c labor (temp  + "oris")  Neutr ;
+      vers + "io"  => noun3c labor (vers  + "ionis") Fem ;
+      imag + "o"   => noun3c labor (imag  + "inis")  Fem ;
+      ae   + "tas" => noun3c labor (ae    + "tatis") Fem ;
+      vo   + "x"   => noun3c labor (vo    + "cis")   Fem ;
+      pa   + "rs"  => noun3c labor (pa    + "rtis")  Fem ;
+      cut  + "is"  => noun3c labor (cut   + "is")    Fem ;
+      urb  + "s"   => noun3c labor (urb   + "is")    Fem ;
+      _  => Predef.error ("noun3 does not apply to" ++ labor)
+      } ;
+
+  noun4us : Str -> Noun = \fructus -> 
+    let
+      fructu = init fructus ;
+      fruct  = init fructu
+    in
+    mkNoun
+      fructus (fructu + "m") fructus (fructu + "i") fructu fructus
+      fructus fructus (fructu + "um") (fruct + "ibus")
+      Masc ;
+
+  noun4u : Str -> Noun = \cornu -> 
+    let
+      corn = init cornu ;
+      cornua = cornu + "a"
+    in
+    mkNoun
+      cornu cornu (cornu + "s") (cornu + "i") cornu cornu
+      cornua cornua (cornu + "um") (corn + "ibus")
+      Neutr ;
+
+  noun5 : Str -> Noun = \res -> 
+    let
+      re = init res ;
+      rei = re + "i"
+    in
+    mkNoun
+      res (re+ "m") rei rei re res
+      res res (re + "rum") (re + "bus")
+      Fem ;
+
+-- to change the default gender
+
+    nounWithGen : Gender -> Noun -> Noun = \g,n ->
+      {s = n.s ; g = g} ;
+
+-- smart paradigms
+
+  noun_ngg : Str -> Str -> Gender -> Noun = \verbum,verbi,g -> 
+    let s : Noun = case <verbum,verbi> of {
+      <_ + "a",  _ + "ae"> => noun1 verbum ;
+      <_ + "us", _ + "i">  => noun2us verbum ;
+      <_ + "um", _ + "i">  => noun2um verbum ;
+      <_ + "er", _ + "i">  => noun2er verbum ;
+      <_ + "us", _ + "us"> => noun4us verbum ;
+      <_ + "u",  _ + "us"> => noun4u verbum ;
+      <_ + "es", _ + "ei"> => noun5 verbum ;
+      _  => noun3c verbum verbi g
+      }
+    in  
+    nounWithGen g s ;
+
+  noun : Str -> Noun = \verbum -> 
+    case verbum of {
+      _ + "a"  => noun1 verbum ;
+      _ + "us" => noun2us verbum ;
+      _ + "um" => noun2um verbum ;
+      _ + "er" => noun2er verbum ;
+      _ + "u"  => noun4u verbum ;
+      _ + "es" => noun5 verbum ;
+      _  => noun3 verbum
+      } ;
+
+
+
+-- adjectives
+
+  mkAdjective : (_,_,_ : Noun) -> Adjective = \bonus,bona,bonum -> {
+    s = table {
+      Masc  => bonus.s ;
+      Fem   => bona.s ;
+      Neutr => bonum.s 
+      }
+    } ;
+    
+  adj12 : Str -> Adjective = \bonus ->
+    let
+      bon : Str = case bonus of {
+       pulch + "er" => pulch + "r" ;
+       bon + "us" => bon ;
+       _ => Predef.error ("adj12 does not apply to" ++ bonus)
+       }
+    in
+    mkAdjective (noun12 bonus) (noun1 (bon + "a")) (noun2um (bon + "um")) ;
+
+  adj3x : (_,_ : Str) -> Adjective = \acer,acris ->
+   let
+     ac = Predef.tk 2 acer ;
+     acrise : Str * Str = case acer of {
+       _ + "er" => <ac + "ris", ac + "re"> ; 
+       _ + "is" => <acer      , ac + "e"> ;
+       _        => <acer      , acer> 
+       }
+   in
+   mkAdjective 
+     (noun3adj acer acris Masc) 
+     (noun3adj acrise.p1 acris Fem) 
+     (noun3adj acrise.p2 acris Neutr) ;
+
+  noun3adj : Str -> Str -> Gender -> Noun = \audax,audacis,g ->
+    let 
+      audac   = Predef.tk 2 audacis ;
+      audacem = case g of {Neutr => audax ; _ => audac + "em"} ;
+      audaces = case g of {Neutr => audac +"ia" ; _ => audac + "es"} ;
+      audaci  = audac + "i" ;
+    in
+    mkNoun
+      audax audacem (audac + "is") audaci audaci audax
+      audaces audaces (audac + "ium") (audac + "ibus") 
+      g ;
+
+
+-- smart paradigm
+
+  adj123 : Str -> Str -> Adjective = \bonus,boni ->
+    case <bonus,boni> of {
+      <_ + ("us" | "er"), _ + "i">  => adj12 bonus ;
+      <_ + ("us" | "er"), _ + "is"> => adj3x bonus boni ;
+      <_                , _ + "is"> => adj3x bonus boni ;
+      _ => Predef.error ("adj123: not applicable to" ++ bonus ++ boni)
+    } ;
+
+  adj : Str -> Adjective = \bonus ->
+    case bonus of {
+      _ + ("us" | "er") => adj12 bonus ;
+      facil + "is"      => adj3x bonus bonus ;
+      feli  + "x"       => adj3x bonus (feli + "cis") ;
+      _                 => adj3x bonus (bonus + "is") ---- any example?
+    } ;
+
+
+-- verbs
+
+  param 
+  VActForm  = VAct VAnter VTense Number Person ;
+  VPassForm = VPass VTense Number Person ;
+  VInfForm  = VInfActPres | VInfActPerf ;
+  VImpForm  = VImpPres Number | VImpFut2 Number | VImpFut3 Number ;
+  VGerund   = VGenAcc | VGenGen |VGenDat | VGenAbl ;
+  VSupine   = VSupAcc | VSupAbl ;
+
+  VAnter = VSim | VAnt ;
+  VTense = VPres VMood | VImpf VMood | VFut ; 
+  VMood  = VInd | VConj ;
+
+  oper
+  Verb : Type = {
+    act  : VActForm => Str ;
+--    pass : VPassForm => Str ;
+    inf  : VAnter => Str ;
+--    imp  : VImpForm => Str ;
+--    ger  : VGerund => Str ;
+--    sup  : VSupine => Str ;
+--    partActPres  : Adjective ;
+--    partActFut   : Adjective ;
+--    partPassPerf : Adjective ;
+--    partPassFut  : Adjective ;
+    } ;
+
+  mkVerb : 
+    (cela,cele,celab,celo,celant,celare,celavi,celatus,celabo,celabunt,celabi : Str) 
+      -> Verb = 
+    \cela,cele,celab,celo,celant,celare,celavi,celatus,celabo,celabunt,celabi -> 
+    let
+      celav = init celavi
+    in {
+      act = table {
+        VAct VSim (VPres VInd)  Sg P1 => celo ; 
+        VAct VSim (VPres VInd)  Pl P3 => celant ; 
+        VAct VSim (VPres VInd)  n  p  => cela + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VSim (VPres VConj) n  p  => cele + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VSim (VImpf VInd)  n  p  => celab + "ba" + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VSim (VImpf VConj) n  p  => celare + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VSim VFut          Sg P1 => celabo ;
+        VAct VSim VFut          Pl P3 => celabunt ;
+        VAct VSim VFut          n  p  => celabi + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VAnt (VPres VInd)  Pl P3 => celav + "erunt" ; 
+        VAct VAnt (VPres VInd)  n  p  => celavi + actPerfEnding n p ;
+        VAct VAnt (VPres VConj) n  p  => celav + "eri" + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VAnt (VImpf VInd)  n  p  => celav + "era" + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VAnt (VImpf VConj) n  p  => celav + "isse" + actPresEnding n p ;
+        VAct VAnt VFut          Sg P1 => celav + "ero" ;
+        VAct VAnt VFut          n  p  => celav + "eri" + actPresEnding n p
+        } ;
+      inf = table {
+        VSim => celare ;
+        VAnt => celav + "isse"
+        }
+      } ;
+
+  actPresEnding : Number -> Person -> Str = 
+    useEndingTable <"m", "s", "t", "mus", "tis", "nt"> ;
+
+  actPerfEnding : Number -> Person -> Str = 
+    useEndingTable <"", "sti", "t", "mus", "stis", "erunt"> ;
+
+  useEndingTable : (Str*Str*Str*Str*Str*Str) -> Number -> Person -> Str = 
+    \es,n,p -> case n of {
+      Sg => case p of {
+        P1 => es.p1 ;
+        P2 => es.p2 ;
+        P3 => es.p3
+        } ;
+      Pl => case p of {
+        P1 => es.p4 ;
+        P2 => es.p5 ;
+        P3 => es.p6
+        }
+      } ;
+
+  esse_V : Verb = 
+    let
+      esse = mkVerb "es" "si" "era" "sum" "sunt" "esse" "fui" "*futus"
+                    "ero" "erunt" "eri" ;
+    in {
+      act = table {
+        VAct VSim (VPres VInd)  Sg P2 => "es" ; 
+        VAct VSim (VPres VInd)  Pl P1 => "sumus" ; 
+        v => esse.act ! v
+        } ;
+      inf = esse.inf
+      } ;
+
+  verb1 : Str -> Verb = \celare ->
+    let 
+      cela = Predef.tk 2 celare ;
+      cel  = init cela ;
+      celo = cel + "o" ;
+      cele = cel + "e" ;
+      celavi = cela + "vi" ;
+      celatus = cela + "tus" ;
+    in mkVerb cela cele cela celo (cela + "nt") celare celavi celatus 
+              (cela + "bo") (cela + "bunt") (cela + "bi") ;
+
+  verb2 : Str -> Verb = \habere ->
+    let 
+      habe = Predef.tk 2 habere ;
+      hab  = init habe ;
+      habeo = habe + "o" ;
+      habea = habe + "a" ;
+      habui = hab + "ui" ;
+      habitus = hab + "itus" ;
+    in mkVerb habe habea habe habeo (habe + "nt") habere habui habitus
+              (habe + "bo") (habe + "bunt") (habe + "bi") ;
+
+  verb3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \gerere,gessi,gestus ->
+    let 
+      gere = Predef.tk 2 gerere ;
+      ger  = init gere ;
+      gero = ger + "o" ;
+      geri = ger + "i" ;
+      gera = ger + "a" ;
+    in mkVerb geri gera gere gero (ger + "unt") gerere gessi gestus
+              (ger + "am") (ger + "ent") gere ; 
+
+  verb3i : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \iacere,ieci,iactus ->
+    let 
+      iac   = Predef.tk 3 iacere ;
+      iaco  = iac + "io" ;
+      iaci  = iac + "i" ;
+      iacie = iac + "ie" ;
+      iacia = iac + "ia" ;
+    in mkVerb iaci iacia iacie iaco (iaci + "unt") iacere ieci iactus
+              (iac + "iam") (iac + "ient") iacie ; 
+
+  verb4 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \sentire,sensi,sensus ->
+    let 
+      senti  = Predef.tk 2 sentire ;
+      sentio = senti + "o" ;
+      sentia = senti + "a" ;
+      sentie = senti + "e" ;
+    in mkVerb senti sentia sentie sentio (senti + "unt") sentire sensi sensus
+              (senti + "am") (senti + "ent") sentie ; 
+
+
+-- smart paradigms
+
+  verb_pppi : (iacio,ieci,iactus,iacere : Str) -> Verb = 
+    \iacio,ieci,iactus,iacere ->
+    case iacere of {
+    _ + "are" => verb1 iacere ;
+    _ + "ire" => verb4 iacere ieci iactus ;
+    _ + "ere" => case iacio of {
+      _ + "eo" => verb2 iacere ;
+      _ + "io" => verb3i iacere ieci iactus ;
+      _ => verb3 iacere ieci iactus
+      } ;
+    _ => Predef.error ("verb_pppi: illegal infinitive form" ++ iacere) 
+    } ;
+
+  verb : (iacere : Str) -> Verb = 
+    \iacere ->
+    case iacere of {
+    _ + "are" => verb1 iacere ;
+    _ + "ire" => let iaci = Predef.tk 2 iacere 
+                 in verb4 iacere (iaci + "vi") (iaci + "tus") ;
+    _ + "ere" => verb2 iacere ;
+    _ => Predef.error ("verb: illegal infinitive form" ++ iacere) 
+    } ;
+
+-- pronouns
+
+  Pronoun : Type = {
+    s : Case => Str ;
+    g : Gender ;
+    n : Number ;
+    p : Person ;
+    } ;
+
+  mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Number -> Person -> Pronoun = 
+    \ego,me,mei,mihi,mee,g,n,p -> {
+      s = pronForms ego me mei mihi mee ;
+      g = g ;
+      n = n ;
+      p = p
+      } ;
+
+  pronForms : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Case => Str = 
+    \ego,me,mei,mihi,mee -> table Case [ego ; me ; mei ; mihi ; mee ; ego] ;
+
+  personalPronoun : Gender -> Number -> Person -> Pronoun = \g,n,p -> {
+    s = case <g,n,p> of {
+      <_,Sg,P1> => pronForms "ego" "me" "mei" "mihi" "me" ;
+      <_,Sg,P2> => pronForms "tu"  "te" "tui" "tibi" "te" ;
+      <_,Pl,P1> => pronForms "nos" "nos" "nostri" "nobis" "nobis" ; --- nostrum
+      <_,Pl,P2> => pronForms "vos" "vos" "vestri" "vobis" "vobis" ; --- vestrum
+      <Masc, Sg,P3> => pronForms "is" "eum" "eius" "ei" "eo" ;
+      <Fem,  Sg,P3> => pronForms "ea" "eam" "eius" "ei" "ea" ;
+      <Neutr,Sg,P3> => pronForms "id" "id"  "eius" "ei" "eo" ;
+      <Masc, Pl,P3> => pronForms "ii" "eos" "eorum" "iis" "iis" ;
+      <Fem,  Pl,P3> => pronForms "ii" "eas" "earum" "iis" "iis" ;
+      <Neutr,Pl,P3> => pronForms "ea" "ea"  "eorum" "iis" "iis"
+      } ;
+    g = g ;
+    n = n ;
+    p = p
+    } ;
+
+  Preposition : Type = {s : Str ; c : Case} ;
+
+  VP : Type = {
+    fin : VActForm => Str ;
+    inf : VAnter => Str ;
+    obj : Str ;
+    adj : Gender => Number => Str
+  } ;
+
+  VPSlash = VP ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
+
+  predV : Verb -> VP = \v -> {
+    fin = v.act ;
+    inf = v.inf ;
+    obj = [] ;
+    adj = \\_,_ => []
+  } ;
+
+  predV2 : (Verb ** {c : Preposition}) -> VPSlash = \v -> predV v ** {c2 = v.c} ;
+
+  appPrep : Preposition -> (Case => Str) -> Str = \c,s -> c.s ++ s ! c.c ;
+
+  insertObj : Str -> VP -> VP = \obj,vp -> {
+    fin = vp.fin ;
+    inf = vp.inf ;
+    obj = obj ++ vp.obj ;
+    adj = vp.adj
+  } ;
+
+  insertAdj : (Gender => Number => Case => Str) -> VP -> VP = \adj,vp -> {
+    fin = vp.fin ;
+    inf = vp.inf ;
+    obj = vp.obj ;
+    adj = \\g,n => adj ! g ! n ! Nom ++ vp.adj ! g ! n
+  } ;
+
+  Clause = {s : VAnter => VTense => Polarity => Str} ;
+
+  mkClause : Pronoun -> VP -> Clause = \np,vp -> {
+    s = \\a,t,p => np.s ! Nom ++ vp.obj ++ vp.adj ! np.g ! np.n ++ negation p ++ 
+        vp.fin ! VAct a t np.n np.p
+  } ;
+    
+  negation : Polarity -> Str = \p -> case p of {
+    Pos => [] ;   
+    Neg => "non"
+  } ;
+
+-- determiners
+
+  Determiner : Type = {
+    s,sp : Gender => Case => Str ;
+    n : Number
+    } ;
+
+  Quantifier : Type = {
+    s,sp : Number => Gender => Case => Str ;
+    } ;
+
+  mkQuantifG : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> (_,_,_ : Str) -> 
+    Gender => Case => Str = 
+    \mn,ma,mg,md,mab, fno,fa,fg,fab, nn,ng,nab -> table {
+      Masc  => pronForms mn  ma mg md mab ;
+      Fem   => pronForms fno fa fg md fab ;
+      Neutr => pronForms nn  nn ng md nab     
+    } ;
+      
+  mkQuantifier : (sg,pl : Gender => Case => Str) -> Quantifier = \sg,pl ->
+    let ssp = table {Sg => sg ; Pl => pl}
+    in {
+      s  = ssp ;
+      sp = ssp 
+      } ;
+
+  hic_Quantifier = mkQuantifier
+    (mkQuantifG 
+       "hic" "hunc" "huius" "huic" "hoc"  "haec" "hanc" "huius" "hac"  "hoc" "huius" "hoc")
+    (mkQuantifG 
+       "hi" "hos" "horum" "his" "his"  "hae" "has" "harum" "his"  "haec" "horum" "his")
+    ;
+
+  ille_Quantifier = mkQuantifier
+    (mkQuantifG 
+       "ille" "illum" "illius" "illi" "illo"  
+       "illa" "illam" "illius" "illa"  
+       "illud" "illius" "illo")
+    (mkQuantifG 
+       "illi" "illos" "illorum" "illis" "illis"  
+       "illae" "illas" "illarum" "illis"  
+       "illa" "illorum" "illis")
+    ;
+
+  mkPrep : Str -> Case -> {s : Str ; c : Case} = \s,c -> {s = s ; c = c} ;
+
+}
+
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/SentenceLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/SentenceLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78676ee0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/SentenceLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+concrete SentenceLat of Sentence = CatLat ** open Prelude, ResLat in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lin
+
+    PredVP = mkClause ;
+--
+--    PredSCVP sc vp = mkClause sc.s (agrP3 Sg) vp ;
+--
+--    ImpVP vp = {
+--      s = \\pol,n => 
+--        let 
+--          agr   = AgP2 (numImp n) ;
+--          verb  = infVP True vp agr ;
+--          dont  = case pol of {
+--            CNeg True => "don't" ;
+--            CNeg False => "do" ++ "not" ;
+--            _ => []
+--            }
+--        in
+--        dont ++ verb
+--    } ;
+--
+--    SlashVP np vp = 
+--      mkClause (np.s ! Nom) np.a vp ** {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+--
+--    AdvSlash slash adv = {
+--      s  = \\t,a,b,o => slash.s ! t ! a ! b ! o ++ adv.s ;
+--      c2 = slash.c2
+--    } ;
+--
+--    SlashPrep cl prep = cl ** {c2 = prep.s} ;
+--
+--    SlashVS np vs slash = 
+--      mkClause (np.s ! Nom) np.a 
+--        (insertObj (\\_ => conjThat ++ slash.s) (predV vs))  **
+--        {c2 = slash.c2} ;
+--
+--    EmbedS  s  = {s = conjThat ++ s.s} ;
+--    EmbedQS qs = {s = qs.s ! QIndir} ;
+--    EmbedVP vp = {s = infVP False vp (agrP3 Sg)} ; --- agr
+--
+--    UseCl  t p cl = {
+--      s = t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! ctr p.p ! ODir
+--    } ;
+--    UseQCl t p cl = {
+--      s = \\q => t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! ctr p.p ! q
+--    } ;
+--    UseRCl t p cl = {
+--      s = \\r => t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! ctr p.p ! r ;
+--      c = cl.c
+--    } ;
+--    UseSlash t p cl = {
+--      s = t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! ctr p.p  ! ODir ;
+--      c2 = cl.c2
+--    } ;
+--
+--    AdvS a s = {s = a.s ++ "," ++ s.s} ;
+--
+--    RelS s r = {s = s.s ++ "," ++ r.s ! agrP3 Sg} ;
+--
+--  oper
+--    ctr = contrNeg True ;  -- contracted negations
+--
+}
+
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/StructuralLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/StructuralLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c112ee640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/StructuralLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+concrete StructuralLat of Structural = CatLat ** 
+  open ResLat, (P = ParadigmsLat), Prelude in 
+  {
+
+  flags optimize=all ;
+
+  lin
+  above_Prep = mkPrep "super" Acc ;
+  after_Prep = mkPrep "post" Acc ;
+--  all_Predet = ss "all" ;
+  almost_AdA, almost_AdN = ss "quasi" ;
+--  although_Subj = ss "although" ;
+  always_AdV = ss "semper" ;
+--  and_Conj = sd2 [] "and" ** {n = Pl} ;
+-----b  and_Conj = ss "and" ** {n = Pl} ;
+--  because_Subj = ss "because" ;
+  before_Prep = mkPrep "ante" Acc ;
+--  behind_Prep = ss "behind" ;
+  between_Prep = mkPrep "inter" Acc ;
+--  both7and_DConj = sd2 "both" "and" ** {n = Pl} ;
+  but_PConj = ss "sed" ;
+  by8agent_Prep = mkPrep "a" Abl ;
+  by8means_Prep = mkPrep "per" Acc ;
+--  can8know_VV, can_VV = {
+--    s = table { 
+--      VVF VInf => ["be able to"] ;
+--      VVF VPres => "can" ;
+--      VVF VPPart => ["been able to"] ;
+--      VVF VPresPart => ["being able to"] ;
+--      VVF VPast => "could" ;      --# notpresent
+--      VVPastNeg => "couldn't" ;   --# notpresent
+--      VVPresNeg => "can't"
+--      } ;
+--    isAux = True
+--    } ;
+--  during_Prep = ss "during" ;
+--  either7or_DConj = sd2 "either" "or" ** {n = Sg} ;
+--  everybody_NP = regNP "everybody" Sg ;
+--  every_Det = mkDeterminer Sg "every" ;
+--  everything_NP = regNP "everything" Sg ;
+--  everywhere_Adv = ss "everywhere" ;
+--  few_Det = mkDeterminer Pl "few" ;
+-----  first_Ord = ss "first" ; DEPRECATED
+  for_Prep = mkPrep "pro" Abl ;
+  from_Prep = mkPrep "de" Abl ;
+  he_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Sg P3 ;
+  here_Adv = ss "hic" ;
+--  here7to_Adv = ss ["to here"] ;
+--  here7from_Adv = ss ["from here"] ;
+--  how_IAdv = ss "how" ;
+--  how8many_IDet = mkDeterminer Pl ["how many"] ;
+--  if_Subj = ss "if" ;
+  in8front_Prep = mkPrep "coram" Abl ;
+  i_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Sg P1 ;
+  in_Prep = mkPrep "in" Abl ;
+  it_Pron = personalPronoun Neutr Sg P3 ;
+--  less_CAdv = ss "less" ;
+--  many_Det = mkDeterminer Pl "many" ;
+--  more_CAdv = ss "more" ;
+--  most_Predet = ss "most" ;
+--  much_Det = mkDeterminer Sg "much" ;
+--  must_VV = {
+--    s = table {
+--      VVF VInf => ["have to"] ;
+--      VVF VPres => "must" ;
+--      VVF VPPart => ["had to"] ;
+--      VVF VPresPart => ["having to"] ;
+--      VVF VPast => ["had to"] ;      --# notpresent
+--      VVPastNeg => ["hadn't to"] ;      --# notpresent
+--      VVPresNeg => "mustn't"
+--      } ;
+--    isAux = True
+--    } ;
+-----b  no_Phr = ss "no" ;
+  no_Utt = ss "non" ;
+--  on_Prep = ss "on" ;
+------  one_Quant = mkDeterminer Sg "one" ; -- DEPRECATED
+  only_Predet = ss "tantum" ;
+--  or_Conj = sd2 [] "or" ** {n = Sg} ;
+--  otherwise_PConj = ss "otherwise" ;
+  part_Prep = mkPrep [] Gen ;
+--  please_Voc = ss "please" ;
+  possess_Prep = mkPrep [] Gen ;
+--  quite_Adv = ss "quite" ;
+  she_Pron = personalPronoun Fem Sg P3 ;
+  so_AdA = ss "sic" ;
+--  somebody_NP = regNP "somebody" Sg ;
+--  someSg_Det = mkDeterminer Sg "some" ;
+--  somePl_Det = mkDeterminer Pl "some" ;
+--  something_NP = regNP "something" Sg ;
+--  somewhere_Adv = ss "somewhere" ;
+  that_Quant = ille_Quantifier ;
+--  there_Adv = ss "there" ;
+--  there7to_Adv = ss "there" ;
+--  there7from_Adv = ss ["from there"] ;
+--  therefore_PConj = ss "therefore" ;
+  they_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Pl P3 ;
+  this_Quant = hic_Quantifier ;
+--  through_Prep = ss "through" ;
+--  too_AdA = ss "too" ;
+--  to_Prep = ss "to" ;
+  under_Prep = mkPrep "sub" Acc ;
+  very_AdA = ss "valde" ;
+--  want_VV = P.mkVV (P.regV "want") ;
+  we_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Pl P1 ;
+--  whatPl_IP = mkIP "what" "what" "what's" Pl ;
+--  whatSg_IP = mkIP "what" "what" "what's" Sg ;
+--  when_IAdv = ss "when" ;
+--  when_Subj = ss "when" ;
+--  where_IAdv = ss "where" ;
+--  which_IQuant = {s = \\_ => "which"} ;
+-----b  whichPl_IDet = mkDeterminer Pl ["which"] ;
+-----b  whichSg_IDet = mkDeterminer Sg ["which"] ;
+--  whoPl_IP = mkIP "who" "whom" "whose" Pl ;
+--  whoSg_IP = mkIP "who" "whom" "whose" Sg ;
+--  why_IAdv = ss "why" ;
+  without_Prep = mkPrep "sine" Abl ;
+  with_Prep = mkPrep "cum" Abl ;
+  yes_Utt = ss "sic" ;
+  youSg_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Sg P2 ;
+  youPl_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Pl P2 ;
+  youPol_Pron = personalPronoun Masc Sg P2 ;
+}
+
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/SymbolLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/SymbolLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c1572616c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/SymbolLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+--concrete SymbolLat of Symbol = CatLat ** open Prelude, ResLat in {
+--
+--lin
+--  SymbPN i = {s = \\c => i.s ; g = Neutr} ; --- c
+--  IntPN i  = {s = \\c => i.s ; g = Neutr} ; --- c
+--  FloatPN i = {s = \\c => i.s ; g = Neutr} ; --- c
+--  NumPN i = {s = \\c => i.s ; g = Neutr} ; --- c
+--  CNIntNP cn i = {
+--    s = \\c => (cn.s ! Sg ! Nom ++ i.s) ;
+--    a = agrgP3 Sg cn.g
+--    } ;
+--  CNSymbNP det cn xs = {
+--    s = \\c => det.s ++ cn.s ! det.n ! c ++ xs.s ; 
+--    a = agrgP3 det.n cn.g
+--    } ;
+--  CNNumNP cn i = {
+--    s = \\c => (cn.s ! Sg ! Nom ++ i.s) ;
+--    a = agrgP3 Sg cn.g
+--    } ;
+--
+--  SymbS sy = sy ; 
+--
+--  SymbNum sy = {s = sy.s ; n = Pl ; hasCard = True} ;
+--  SymbOrd sy = {s = sy.s ++ "th"} ;
+--
+--lincat 
+--
+--  Symb, [Symb] = SS ;
+--
+--lin
+--
+--  MkSymb s = s ;
+--
+--  BaseSymb = infixSS "and" ;
+--  ConsSymb = infixSS "," ;
+--
+--}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/VerbLat.gf b/next-lib/src/latin/VerbLat.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29f970a4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/VerbLat.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+concrete VerbLat of Verb = CatLat ** open ResLat in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lin
+    UseV = predV ;
+
+    SlashV2a v = predV2 v ;
+--    Slash2V3 v np = 
+--      insertObjc (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predV v ** {c2 = v.c3}) ;
+--    Slash3V3 v np = 
+--      insertObjc (\\_ => v.c3 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predVc v) ; ----
+--
+--    ComplVV v vp = insertObj (\\a => infVP v.isAux vp a) (predVV v) ;
+--    ComplVS v s  = insertObj (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s) (predV v) ;
+--    ComplVQ v q  = insertObj (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) (predV v) ;
+--    ComplVA v ap = insertObj (ap.s) (predV v) ;
+--
+--    SlashV2V v vp = insertObjc (\\a => infVP v.isAux vp a) (predVc v) ;
+--    SlashV2S v s  = insertObjc (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s) (predVc v) ;
+--    SlashV2Q v q  = insertObjc (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) (predVc v) ;
+--    SlashV2A v ap = insertObjc (\\a => ap.s ! a) (predVc v) ; ----
+--
+    ComplSlash vp np = insertObj (appPrep vp.c2 np.s) vp ;
+--
+--    SlashVV vv vp = 
+--      insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.isAux vp a) (predVV vv) **
+--        {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+--    SlashV2VNP vv np vp = 
+--      insertObjPre (\\_ => vv.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc)
+--        (insertObjc (\\a => infVP vv.isAux vp a) (predVc vv)) **
+--          {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+--
+    UseComp comp = insertAdj comp.s (predV esse_V) ;
+
+    AdvVP vp adv = insertObj adv.s vp ;
+
+    AdVVP adv vp = insertObj adv.s vp ;
+
+--    ReflVP v = insertObjPre (\\a => v.c2 ++ reflPron ! a) v ;
+--
+--    PassV2 v = insertObj (\\_ => v.s ! VPPart) (predAux auxBe) ;
+--
+-----b    UseVS, UseVQ = \vv -> {s = vv.s ; c2 = [] ; isRefl = vv.isRefl} ; -- no "to"
+--
+    CompAP ap = ap ;
+--    CompNP np = {s = \\_ => np.s ! Acc} ;
+--    CompAdv a = {s = \\_ => a.s} ;
+--
+}
diff --git a/next-lib/src/latin/notes.txt b/next-lib/src/latin/notes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd9bd5705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/next-lib/src/latin/notes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Renaming on Mac:
+
+  for each in *Eng.gf ;  
+  do 
+  mv $each $(basename $each Eng.gf)Lat.gf
+  done
+
+In-place change:
+
+  sed -e 's/Eng/Lat/g' -i *Lat.gf
+
+Start with the following:
+
+concrete GrammarLat of Grammar = 
+  NounLat, 
+  VerbLat, 
+  AdjectiveLat,
+--  AdverbLat,
+--  NumeralLat,
+  SentenceLat,
+--  QuestionLat,
+--  RelativeLat,
+--  ConjunctionLat,
+--  PhraseLat,
+  TextX,
+  StructuralLat,
+--  IdiomLat
+
+