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authoraarne <aarne@chalmers.se>2009-06-22 15:39:08 +0000
committeraarne <aarne@chalmers.se>2009-06-22 15:39:08 +0000
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parent3049b59b35b25381a7c6787444165c200d66e08b (diff)
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+--# -path=.:../scandinavian:../common:../abstract:../../prelude
+
+--1 Swedish Lexical Paradigms
+--
+-- Aarne Ranta 2001 - 2006
+--
+-- This is an API for the user of the resource grammar
+-- for adding lexical items. It gives functions for forming
+-- expressions of open categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs.
+--
+-- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are
+-- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$.
+--
+-- The main difference with $MorphoSwe.gf$ is that the types
+-- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover
+-- had the design principle of always having existing forms, rather
+-- than stems, as string arguments of the paradigms.
+--
+-- The structure of functions for each word class $C$ is the following:
+-- first we give a handful of patterns that aim to cover all
+-- regular cases. Then we give a worst-case function $mkC$, which serves as an
+-- escape to construct the most irregular words of type $C$.
+-- However, this function should only seldom be needed: we have a
+-- separate module [``IrregSwe`` ../../swedish/IrregSwe],
+-- which covers many irregular verbs.
+
+
+resource ParadigmsSwe =
+ open
+ (Predef=Predef),
+ Prelude,
+ CommonScand,
+ ResSwe,
+ MorphoSwe,
+ CatSwe in {
+
+--2 Parameters
+--
+-- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
+
+oper
+ Gender : Type ;
+
+ utrum : Gender ;
+ neutrum : Gender ;
+
+-- To abstract over number names, we define the following.
+
+ Number : Type ;
+
+ singular : Number ;
+ plural : Number ;
+
+-- To abstract over case names, we define the following.
+
+ Case : Type ;
+
+ nominative : Case ;
+ genitive : Case ;
+
+-- Prepositions used in many-argument functions can be constructed from strings.
+
+ mkPrep : Str -> Prep ;
+ noPrep : Prep ; -- empty string
+
+
+--2 Nouns
+
+-- The following overloaded paradigm takes care of all noun formation.
+
+ mkN : overload {
+
+-- The one-argument case takes the singular indefinite form and computes
+-- the other forms and the gender by a simple heuristic. The heuristic is currently
+-- to treat all words ending with "a" like "apa-apor", with "e" like "rike-riken",
+-- and otherwise like "bil-bilar".
+
+ mkN : (apa : Str) -> N ;
+
+-- The case with a string and gender makes it possible to treat
+-- "lik" (neutrum) and "pojke" (utrum).
+
+ mkN : (lik : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
+
+-- Giving two forms - the singular and plural indefinite - is sufficient for
+-- most nouns. The paradigm deals correctly with the vowel contractions in
+-- "nyckel - nycklar" such as "pojke - pojkar".
+
+ mkN : (nyckel,nycklar : Str) -> N ;
+
+-- In the worst case, four forms are needed.
+
+ mkN : (museum,museet,museer,museerna : Str) -> N
+ } ;
+
+-- All the functions above work quite as well to form *compound nouns*,
+-- such as "fotboll".
+
+
+
+--3 Relational nouns
+--
+-- Relational nouns ("kung av x") are nouns with a preposition.
+-- As a special case, we provide regular nouns (formed with one-argument $mkN$)
+-- with the preposition "av".
+
+ mkN2 : overload {
+ mkN2 : Str -> N2 ;
+ mkN2 : N -> Prep -> N2
+ } ;
+
+-- Three-place relational nouns ("förbindelse från x till y")
+-- need two prepositions.
+
+ mkN3 : N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3 ;
+
+
+--3 Relational common noun phrases
+--
+-- In some cases, you may want to make a complex $CN$ into a
+-- relational noun (e.g. "den före detta maken till"). However, $N2$ and
+-- $N3$ are purely lexical categories. But you can use the $AdvCN$
+-- and $PrepNP$ constructions to build phrases like this.
+
+--
+--3 Proper names and noun phrases
+--
+-- Proper names, with a regular genitive, are formed from strings and
+-- have the default gender utrum.
+
+ mkPN : overload {
+ mkPN : Str -> PN ;
+ mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ;
+
+-- In the worst case, the genitive form is irregular.
+
+ mkPN : (jesus,jesu : Str) -> Gender -> PN
+ } ;
+
+
+--2 Adjectives
+
+-- Adjectives need one to seven forms.
+
+ mkA : overload {
+
+-- Most adjectives are formed simply by adding endings to a stem.
+
+ mkA : (billig : Str) -> A ;
+
+-- Some adjectives have a deviant neuter form. The following pattern
+-- also recognizes the neuter formation "galen-galet" and forms the
+-- proper plural and comparison forms "galna-galnare-galnast".
+
+ mkA : (bred,brett : Str) -> A ;
+
+-- Umlaut in comparison forms is
+
+ mkA : (tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A ;
+
+-- A few adjectives need 5 forms.
+ mkA : (god,gott,goda,battre,bast : Str) -> A ;
+
+-- Hardly any other adjective than "liten" needs the full 7 forms.
+
+ mkA : (liten,litet,lilla,sma,mindre,minst,minsta : Str) -> A
+ } ;
+
+-- Comparison forms may be compound ("mera svensk" - "mest svensk");
+-- this behaviour can be forced on any adjective.
+
+ compoundA : A -> A ;
+
+
+
+
+--3 Two-place adjectives
+--
+-- Two-place adjectives need a preposition for their second argument.
+
+ mkA2 : A -> Prep -> A2 ;
+
+
+--2 Adverbs
+
+-- Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position
+-- after the verb. Some can be preverbal in subordinate position
+-- (e.g. "alltid").
+
+ mkAdv : Str -> Adv ; -- här
+ mkAdV : Str -> AdV ; -- alltid
+
+-- Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed.
+
+ mkAdA : Str -> AdA ;
+
+--2 Verbs
+--
+-- All verbs can be defined by the overloaded paradigm $mkV$.
+
+ mkV : overload {
+
+-- The 'regular verb' (= one-place) case is inspired by Lexin. It uses the
+-- present tense indicative form. The value is the first conjugation if the
+-- argument ends with "ar" ("tala" - "talar" - "talade" - "talat"),
+-- the second with "er" ("leka" - "leker" - "lekte" - "lekt", with the
+-- variations like in "gräva", "vända", "tyda", "hyra"), and
+-- the third in other cases ("bo" - "bor" - "bodde" - "bott").
+-- It is also possible to give the infinite form to it; they are treated
+-- as if they were implicitly suffixed by "r". Moreover, deponent verbs
+-- are recognized from the final "s" ("hoppas").
+
+ mkV : (stämmer : Str) -> V ;
+
+-- Most irregular verbs need just the conventional three forms.
+
+ mkV : (dricka,drack,druckit : Str) -> V ;
+
+-- In the worst case, six forms are given.
+
+ mkV : (gå,går,gå,gick,gått,gången : Str) -> V ;
+
+-- Particle verbs, such as "passa på", are formed by adding a string to a verb.
+
+ mkV : V -> Str -> V
+ } ;
+
+
+--3 Deponent verbs.
+--
+-- Some words are used in passive forms only, e.g. "hoppas", some as
+-- reflexive e.g. "ångra sig". Regular deponent verbs are also
+-- handled by $mkV$ and recognized from the ending "s".
+
+ depV : V -> V ;
+ reflV : V -> V ;
+
+
+--3 Two-place verbs
+--
+-- Two-place verbs need a preposition, which default to the 'empty preposition'
+-- i.e. direct object. (transitive verbs). The simplest case is a regular
+-- verb (as in $mkV$) with a direct object.
+-- Notice that, if a particle is needed, it comes from the $V$.
+
+ mkV2 : overload {
+ mkV2 : Str -> V2 ;
+ mkV2 : V -> V2 ;
+ mkV2 : V -> Prep -> V2
+ } ;
+
+
+--3 Three-place verbs
+--
+-- Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which
+-- the first one or both can be absent. The simplest case is a regular
+-- verb (as in $mkV$) with no prepositions.
+
+ mkV3 : overload {
+ mkV3 : Str -> V3 ;
+ mkV3 : V -> V3 ;
+ mkV3 : V -> Prep -> V3 ;
+ mkV3 : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3
+ } ;
+
+--3 Other complement patterns
+--
+-- Verbs and adjectives can take complements such as sentences,
+-- questions, verb phrases, and adjectives.
+
+ mkV0 : V -> V0 ;
+ mkVS : V -> VS ;
+ mkV2S : V -> Prep -> V2S ;
+ mkVV : V -> VV ;
+ mkV2V : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V ;
+ mkVA : V -> VA ;
+ mkV2A : V -> Prep -> V2A ;
+ mkVQ : V -> VQ ;
+ mkV2Q : V -> Prep -> V2Q ;
+
+ mkAS : A -> AS ;
+ mkA2S : A -> Prep -> A2S ;
+ mkAV : A -> AV ;
+ mkA2V : A -> Prep -> A2V ;
+
+-- Notice: categories $AS, A2S, AV, A2V$ are just $A$.
+-- $V0$ is just $V$.
+
+ V0 : Type ;
+ AS, A2S, AV, A2V : Type ;
+
+--.
+--2 Definitions of the paradigms
+--
+-- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are
+-- hidden from the document.
+
+ Gender = ResSwe.Gender ;
+ Number = CommonScand.Number ;
+ Case = CommonScand.Case ;
+ utrum = Utr ;
+ neutrum = Neutr ;
+ singular = Sg ;
+ plural = Pl ;
+ nominative = Nom ;
+ genitive = Gen ;
+
+ mkPrep p = {s = p ; lock_Prep = <>} ;
+ noPrep = mkPrep [] ;
+
+ mkN = overload {
+ mkN : (apa : Str) -> N = regN ;
+ mkN : Str -> Gender -> N = regGenN ;
+ mkN : (nyckel, nycklar : Str) -> N = mk2N ;
+ mkN : (museum,museet,museer,museerna : Str) -> N = mk4N ;
+ mkN : Str -> N -> N = compoundN ;
+ } ;
+
+ compoundN : Str -> N -> N = \s,no -> {
+ s = \\n,d,c => s ++ no.s ! n ! d ! c ;
+ g = no.g ;
+ lock_N = <>
+ } ;
+
+ mk4N : (museum,museet,museer,museerna : Str) -> N = \apa,apan,apor,aporna -> {
+ s = nounForms apa apan apor aporna ;
+ g = case last apan of {
+ "n" => Utr ;
+ _ => Neutr
+ }
+ } ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+
+ regN : Str -> N = \bil -> regGenN bil g where {
+ g = case <bil : Str> of {
+ _ + "e" => Neutr ;
+ _ => Utr
+ }
+ } ;
+
+ regGenN : Str -> Gender -> N = \bil, g -> case g of {
+ Utr => case last bil of {
+ "a" => decl1Noun bil ;
+ _ => decl2Noun bil
+ } ;
+ Neutr => case last bil of {
+ "e" => decl4Noun bil ;
+ _ => decl5Noun bil
+ }
+ } ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+
+ mk1N : Str -> N = \bilarna -> case bilarna of {
+ ap + "orna" => decl1Noun (ap + "a") ;
+ bil + "arna" => decl2Noun bil ;
+ rad + "erna" => decl3Noun rad ;
+ rik + "ena" => decl4Noun (rik + "e") ;
+ husen => decl5Noun (Predef.tk 2 husen)
+ } ;
+
+ mk2N : Str -> Str -> N = \bil,bilar ->
+ ifTok N bil bilar (decl5Noun bil) (
+ case Predef.dp 2 bilar of {
+ "or" => case bil of {
+ _ + "a" => decl1Noun bil ; -- apa, apor
+ _ + "o" => mk4N bil (bil + "n") bilar (bilar + "na") ; -- ko,kor
+ _ => mk4N bil (bil + "en") bilar (bilar + "na") -- ros,rosor
+ } ;
+ "ar" => decl2Noun bil ;
+ "er" => case bil of {
+ _ + "or" => mk4N bil (bil + "n") bilar (bilar + "na") ; -- motor,motorn
+ _ => decl3gNoun bil bilar -- fot, fötter
+ } ;
+ "en" => decl4Noun bil ; -- rike, riken
+ _ => mk4N bil (bil + "et") bilar (bilar + "n") -- centrum, centra
+ }) ;
+
+-- School declensions.
+
+ decl1Noun : Str -> N = \apa ->
+ let ap = init apa in
+ mk4N apa (apa + "n") (ap + "or") (ap + "orna") ;
+
+ decl2Noun : Str -> N = \bil ->
+ let
+ bb : Str * Str = case bil of {
+ br + ("o" | "u" | "ö" | "å") => <bil + "ar", bil + "n"> ;
+ pojk + "e" => <pojk + "ar", bil + "n"> ;
+ hi + "mme" + l@("l" | "r") => <hi + "m" + l + "ar",hi + "m" + l + "en"> ;
+ nyck + "e" + l@("l" | "r") => <nyck + l + "ar",bil + "n"> ;
+ sock + "e" + "n" => <sock + "nar", sock + "nen"> ;
+ _ => <bil + "ar", bil + "en">
+ } ;
+ in mk4N bil bb.p2 bb.p1 (bb.p1 + "na") ;
+
+ decl3Noun : Str -> N = \sak ->
+ case last sak of {
+ "e" => mk4N sak (sak + "n") (sak +"r") (sak + "rna") ;
+ "y" | "å" | "é" | "y" => mk4N sak (sak + "n") (sak +"er") (sak + "erna") ;
+ _ => mk4N sak (sak + "en") (sak + "er") (sak + "erna")
+ } ;
+ decl3gNoun : Str -> Str -> N = \sak,saker ->
+ case last sak of {
+ "e" => mk4N sak (sak + "n") saker (saker + "na") ;
+ "y" | "å" | "é" | "y" => mk4N sak (sak + "n") saker (saker + "na") ;
+ _ => mk4N sak (sak + "en") saker (saker + "na")
+ } ;
+
+ decl4Noun : Str -> N = \rike ->
+ mk4N rike (rike + "t") (rike + "n") (rike + "na") ;
+
+ decl5Noun : Str -> N = \lik ->
+ case lik of {
+ nu + "mme" + l@("l" | "r") =>
+ mk4N lik (nu + "m" + l + "et") lik (nu + "m" + l + "en") ;
+ vad@(?+?+?+_) + "e" + l@("l" | "r") =>
+ mk4N lik (vad + l + "et") lik (vad + l + "en") ;
+ _ + "are" => mk4N lik (lik + "n") lik (init lik + "na") ; -- kikare
+ _ => mk4N lik (lik + "et") lik (lik + "en")
+ } ;
+
+ mkN2 = overload {
+ mkN2 : Str -> N2 = \s -> mmkN2 (regN s) (mkPrep "av") ;
+ mkN2 : N -> Prep -> N2 = mmkN2
+ } ;
+
+ mmkN2 : N -> Prep -> N2 ;
+ regN2 : Str -> Gender -> N2 ;
+
+
+ mmkN2 = \n,p -> n ** {lock_N2 = <> ; c2 = mkComplement p.s} ;
+ regN2 n g = mmkN2 (regGenN n g) (mkPrep "av") ;
+ mkN3 = \n,p,q -> n **
+ {lock_N3 = <> ; c2 = mkComplement p.s ; c3 = mkComplement q.s} ;
+
+ mkPN = overload {
+ mkPN : Str -> PN = regPN ;
+ mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN = regGenPN ;
+ mkPN : (jesus,jesu : Str) -> Gender -> PN = \jesus,jesu,g ->
+ {s = table {Nom => jesus ; Gen => jesu} ; g = g ; lock_PN = <>} ;
+ } ;
+
+ regPN n = regGenPN n utrum ;
+ regGenPN n g = {s = \\c => mkCase c n ; g = g} ** {lock_PN = <>} ;
+ nounPN n = {s = n.s ! singular ! Indef ; g = n.g ; lock_PN = <>} ;
+ makeNP x y n g =
+ {s = table {NPPoss _ => y ; _ => x} ; a = agrP3 g n ; p = P3 ;
+ lock_NP = <>} ;
+
+ mkA = overload {
+ mkA : (billig : Str) -> A = regA ;
+ mkA : (bred,brett : Str) -> A = mk2A ;
+ mkA : (tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A = irregA ;
+ mkA : (god,gott,goda,battre,bast : Str) -> A =
+ \liten,litet,lilla,mindre,minst ->
+ mk7A liten litet lilla lilla mindre minst (minst + "a") ;
+ mkA : (liten,litet,lilla,sma,mindre,minst,minsta : Str) -> A = mk7A
+ } ;
+
+
+ regA : Str -> A ;
+ mk2A : (bred,brett : Str) -> A ;
+ irregA : (tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A ;
+ mk7A : (liten,litet,lilla,sma,mindre,minst,minsta : Str) -> A ;
+
+ mk7A a b c d e f g = mkAdjective a b c d e f g ** {isComp = False ; lock_A = <>} ;
+ regA fin =
+ let fint : Str = case fin of {
+ ru + "nd" => ru + "nt" ;
+ se + "dd" => se + "tt" ;
+ pla + "tt" => pla + "tt" ;
+ gla + "d" => gla + "tt" ;
+ _ => fin + "t"
+ }
+ in
+ mk3A fin fint (fin + "a") ;
+ irregA ung yngre yngst =
+ mk7A ung (ung + "t") (ung + "a") (ung + "a") yngre yngst (yngst+"a") ;
+
+ mk3A ljummen ljummet ljumma =
+ mk7A
+ ljummen ljummet ljumma ljumma
+ (ljumma + "re") (ljumma + "st") (ljumma + "ste") ;
+ mk2A vid vitt = case <vid,vitt> of {
+ <gal + "en", _ + "et"> => mk3A vid vitt (gal + "na") ;
+ _ => mk3A vid vitt (vid + "a")
+ } ;
+
+ compoundA adj = {s = adj.s ; isComp = True ; lock_A = <>} ;
+
+ mkA2 a p = a ** {c2 = mkComplement p.s ; lock_A2 = <>} ;
+
+ mkAdv x = ss x ** {lock_Adv = <>} ;
+ mkAdV x = ss x ** {lock_AdV = <>} ;
+ mkAdA x = ss x ** {lock_AdA = <>} ;
+
+ mkV = overload {
+ mkV : (stämmer : Str) -> V = regV ;
+ mkV : (dricka,drack,druckit : Str) -> V = irregV ;
+ mkV : (supa,super,sup,söp,supit,supen : Str) -> V = mk6V ;
+ mkV : V -> Str -> V = partV
+ } ;
+
+ mk6V = \finna,finner,finn,fann,funnit,funnen ->
+ let
+ funn = ptPretForms funnen ;
+ funnet = funn ! Strong SgNeutr ! Nom ;
+ funna = funn ! Strong Plg ! Nom
+ in
+ mkVerb finna finner finn fann funnit funnen funnet funna **
+ {part = [] ; vtype=VAct ; lock_V = <>} ;
+
+ regV leker = case leker of {
+ lek + "a" => conj1 leker ; --- bw compat
+ lek + "ar" => conj1 (lek + "a") ;
+ lek + "er" => conj2 (lek + "a") ;
+ bo + "r" => conj3 bo ;
+ ret + "as" => depV (conj1 (ret + "a")) ;
+ n + ("os" | "ys" | "ås" | "ös") => depV (conj3 (init leker)) ;
+ ret + "s" => depV (conj2 (ret + "a")) ;
+ _ => conj3 leker
+ } ;
+
+ mk2V leka lekte = case <leka,lekte> of {
+ <_, _ + "ade"> => conj1 leka ;
+ <_ + "a", _> => conj2 leka ;
+ _ => conj3 leka
+ } ;
+
+-- school conjugations
+
+ conj1 : Str -> V = \tala ->
+ mk6V tala (tala + "r") tala (tala +"de") (tala +"t") (tala +"d") ;
+
+ conj2 : Str -> V = \leka ->
+ let lek = init leka in
+ case last lek of {
+ "l" | "m" | "n" | "v" | "g" =>
+ let gom = case <lek : Tok> of {
+ _ + "mm" => init lek ;
+ _ => lek
+ }
+ in mk6V leka (lek + "er") gom (gom +"de") (gom +"t") (gom +"d") ;
+ "r" =>
+ mk6V leka lek lek (lek +"de") (lek +"t") (lek +"d") ;
+ _ => case lek of {
+ _ + "nd" =>
+ mk6V leka (lek + "er") lek (lek +"e") (init lek +"t") lek ;
+ _ =>
+ mk6V leka (lek + "er") lek (lek +"te") (lek +"t") (lek +"t")
+ }
+ } ;
+
+ conj3 : Str -> V = \bo ->
+ mk6V bo (bo + "r") bo (bo +"dde") (bo +"tt") (bo +"dd") ;
+
+ irregV = \sälja, sålde, sålt ->
+ let
+ säljer = case last sälja of {
+ "a" => conj2 sälja ;
+ _ => conj3 sälja
+ } ;
+ såld = case Predef.dp 2 sålt of {
+ "it" => Predef.tk 2 sålt + "en" ;
+ "tt" => Predef.tk 2 sålt + "dd" ;
+ _ => init sålt + "d"
+ }
+ in
+ mk6V sälja (säljer.s ! VF (VPres Act)) (säljer.s ! (VF (VImper Act))) sålde sålt såld
+ ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ;
+
+ partV v p = {s = v.s ; part = p ; vtype = v.vtype ; lock_V = <>} ;
+ depV v = {s = v.s ; part = v.part ; vtype = VPass ; lock_V = <>} ;
+ reflV v = {s = v.s ; part = v.part ; vtype = VRefl ; lock_V = <>} ;
+
+ mkV2 = overload {
+ mkV2 : (läser : Str) -> V2 = \v -> dirV2 (regV v) ;
+ mkV2 : V -> V2 = dirV2 ;
+ mkV2 : V -> Prep -> V2 = mmkV2
+ } ;
+
+
+ mmkV2 v p = v ** {c2 = mkComplement p.s ; lock_V2 = <>} ;
+ dirV2 v = mmkV2 v noPrep ;
+
+ mkV3 = overload {
+ mkV3 : Str -> V3 = \v -> dirdirV3 (regV v) ;
+ mkV3 : V -> V3 = dirdirV3 ;
+ mkV3 : V -> Prep -> V3 = dirV3 ;
+ mkV3 : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3 = mmkV3
+ } ;
+
+ mmkV3 : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3 ; -- tala, med, om
+ dirV3 : V -> Prep -> V3 ; -- ge, (acc),till
+ dirdirV3 : V -> V3 ; -- ge, (dat), (acc)
+
+
+ mmkV3 v p q = v ** {c2 = mkComplement p.s ; c3 = mkComplement q.s ; lock_V3 = <>} ;
+ dirV3 v p = mmkV3 v noPrep p ;
+ dirdirV3 v = dirV3 v noPrep ;
+
+ mkV0 v = v ** {lock_V0 = <>} ;
+ mkVS v = v ** {lock_VS = <>} ;
+ mkVV v = v ** {c2 = mkComplement "att" ; lock_VV = <>} ;
+ mkVQ v = v ** {lock_VQ = <>} ;
+
+ mkVA v = v ** {lock_VA = <>} ;
+ mkV2A v p = mmkV2 v p ** {lock_V2A = <>} ;
+
+ V0 : Type = V ;
+-- V2S, V2V, V2Q : Type = V2 ;
+ AS, A2S, AV : Type = A ;
+ A2V : Type = A2 ;
+
+ mkV2S v p = mmkV2 v p ** {lock_V2S = <>} ;
+ mkV2V v p t = mmkV2 v p ** {c3 = mkComplement "att" ; lock_V2V = <>} ;
+ mkV2Q v p = mmkV2 v p ** {lock_V2Q = <>} ;
+
+ mkAS v = v ** {lock_A = <>} ;
+ mkA2S v p = mkA2 v p ** {lock_A = <>} ;
+ mkAV v = v ** {lock_A = <>} ;
+ mkA2V v p = mkA2 v p ** {lock_A = <>} ;
+
+----------Obsolete
+
+-- To form a noun phrase that can also be plural and have an irregular
+-- genitive, you can use the worst-case function.
+
+ makeNP : Str -> Str -> Number -> Gender -> NP ;
+
+
+
+ regGenPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ;
+ regPN : Str -> PN ; -- utrum
+
+-- Sometimes you can reuse a common noun as a proper name, e.g. "Bank".
+
+ nounPN : N -> PN ;
+
+-- Sometimes just the positive forms are irregular.
+
+ mk3A : (galen,galet,galna : Str) -> A ;
+
+ mk6V : (supa,super,sup,söp,supit,supen : Str) -> V ;
+ regV : (talar : Str) -> V ;
+ mk2V : (leka,lekte : Str) -> V ;
+ irregV : (dricka, drack, druckit : Str) -> V ;
+
+ partV : V -> Str -> V ;
+
+ mmkV2 : V -> Prep -> V2 ;
+
+ dirV2 : V -> V2 ;
+
+
+} ;