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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE>GF - Grammatical Framework</TITLE>
+<meta charset="UTF-8">
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" title="GF">
+<link rel="alterante stylesheet" href="css/oldstyle.css" title="Old">
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+function sitesearch() {
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+ </script>
+<H1>Grammatical Framework</H1>
+<P>
+Version 3.5
+<br>
+August 2013
+
+<P>
+<div class=mainlinks>
+[ <A HREF="demos/index.html">Demos</A>
+| <A HREF="http://www.grammaticalframework.org/download/index.html">Download</A>
+| <A HREF="lib/doc/synopsis.html">Libraries</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-refman.html">Reference</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial.html">Tutorial</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-quickstart.html">QuickStart</A>
+| <A HREF="http://groups.google.com/group/gf-dev">UserGroup</A>
+| <A HREF="gf-book">Book</A>
+| <A HREF="https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/GF/">GitHub</A>
+| <A HREF="http://www.postcrashgames.com/gf_world/">Interactive Map</A>
+| <a href="http://cloud.grammaticalframework.org/"><img src="src/www/P/gf-cloud.png" alt="GF Cloud Service" title="GF Cloud Service"></a>
+]
+</div>
+<div class=extralinks>
+<p>
+[ <a href="http://code.google.com/p/grammatical-framework/issues/list">Issues</a>
+| <A HREF="http://code.google.com/p/grammatical-framework/wiki/SideBar?tm=6">Wiki</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-people.html">People</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-bibliography.html">Publications</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-reference.html">QuickRefCard</A>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-shell-reference.html">GF Shell Reference</A>
+| <a href="doc/gf-editor-modes.html">GF Editor Modes</a>
+| <a href="eclipse/index.html">GF Eclipse Plugin</a>
+| <A HREF="doc/gf-lrec-2010.pdf">LibTutorial</A>
+| <a href="http://hackage.haskell.org/package/gf-3.5/docs/PGF.html">PGF library API</a>
+| <A HREF="http://www.molto-project.eu">MOLTO</A>
+| <A HREF="http://school.grammaticalframework.org">SummerSchool</A>
+| <A HREF="/android/">Android</A>
+| <a href="/~hallgren/gf-experiment/browse/">Browse GF Source Code</a>
+| <a href="http://ci.zjyto.net/job/gf-build/"><img src="http://ci.zjyto.net/buildStatus/icon?job=gf-build" alt="GF build status"></a><small style="color: red"><em>New!</em></small>
+]
+</div>
+</div>
+<H2>News</H2>
+
+<div class=news2>
+
+<table class=news>
+<tr><td>2014-03-11:
+ <td>A company for commercial applications of GF has been founded:
+ <a href="http://www.digitalgrammars.com/">Digital Grammars</a>.
+<tr><td>2013-11-25:
+ <td>The default character encoding in GF grammar files will be changed
+ from Latin-1 to UTF-8. See
+ <a href="download/encoding-change.html">GF character encoding changes</a>
+ for details.
+<tr><td>2013-10-18:<td>New resource grammar language: Estonian.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2013-09-18:<td>New <a href="https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/gf-contrib">GF contributions repository</a>, hosted on GitHub.
+<tr><td>2013-08-06:<td><strong>GF 3.5 released!</strong>
+ <a href="download/release-3.5.html">Release notes</a>.
+<tr><td>2013-07-26:<td>Started a page with <A HREF="lib/doc/rgl-publications.html">RGL Documentation and Publications</A>.
+<tr><td>2013-06-24:<td>We are now running the IRC channel <strong><code>#gf</code></strong> on the Freenode network.
+<tr><td>2013-06-19:<td>New resource grammar language: Maltese.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2013-04-25:<td>New resource grammar language: Greek.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2013-01-31:<td><strong>GF 3.4 released!</strong>
+ <a href="download/release-3.4.html">Release notes</a>.
+<tr><td>2012-12-10:<td>
+ <a href="http://www.postcrashgames.com/gf_world/">Resource Grammar Library
+ coverage map</a>, created by Tommi Nieminen.
+<!--
+<tr><td>2012-11-18:<td>
+ <A HREF="http://school.grammaticalframework.org/2013">GF Summer School</A>
+ in Frauenchiemsee, 18-30 August 2013.
+<tr><td>2012-11-18:<td>New resource grammar language: Chinese.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+ Complete but not yet perfect.
+<tr><td>2012-06-29:<td>GF sources now mirrored in GitHub, with change
+ statistics and other browsing features.
+ See <a href="https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/GF/"><tt>github.com/GrammaticalFramework/GF</tt></a>
+<tr><td>2012-05-07:<td>New resource grammar language: Japanese.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2012-03-23:<td>There will be a
+ <a href="gf-tutorial-icfp-2012/">GF tutorial at ICFP 2012</a>
+ in Copenhagen.
+<tr><td>2012-03-03:<td><strong>GF 3.3.3 released!</strong>
+ <a href="download/release-3.3.3.html">Release notes</a>.
+ <tr><td>2012-02-24:<td>New resource grammar languages: Hindi, Sindhi.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2011-12-29:<td>New resource grammar languages: Latvian, Thai.
+ See <a href="lib/doc/synopsis.html">library synopsis</a>.
+<tr><td>2011-10-27:<td><strong>GF 3.3 released!</strong>
+ <a href="download/release-3.3.html">Release notes</a>.
+<tr><td>2011-09-20:<td>There is now a page collecting
+ <a href="doc/gf-editor-modes.html">editor modes for GF</a>.
+ Contributions are welcome!
+<tr><td>2011-09-12:<td><strong>GF 3.2.9</strong> source snapshot with faster grammar compilation available. See <a href="download/index.html">Downloads</a>.
+<tr><td>2011-04-22:<td><a href="android/tutorial/">JPGF Android Tutorial</a> added.
+<tr><td>2011-04-15:<td>The <a href="gf-book">GF Book</a> is available.
+<tr><td>2011-01-13:<td><a href="http://www.molto-project.eu/node/1177">Phrasedroid
+ available on the Android Market</a>.
+<tr><td>2011-01-04:<td>GF is part of the
+ <a href="http://www.clt.gu.se/clt-toolkit">CLT Toolkit</a>.
+<tr><td>2010-12-23:<td><strong>GF 3.2 released!</strong>
+ <a href="download/release-3.2.html">Release notes</a>.
+-->
+</table>
+
+</div>
+
+<H2>What is GF</H2>
+<P>
+GF, Grammatical Framework, is a programming language for
+<B>multilingual grammar applications</B>. It is
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI>a <B>special-purpose language for grammars</B>, like
+ <a href="http://dinosaur.compilertools.net/yacc/">YACC</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/">Bison</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.haskell.org/happy/">Happy</a>,
+ <a href="http://bnfc.digitalgrammars.com/">BNFC</a>,
+ but not restricted to programming languages
+<LI>a <B>functional programming language</B>, like
+ <a href="http://www.haskell.org/">Haskell</a>,
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)">Lisp</a>,
+ <a href="http://ocaml.org/">OCaml</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.smlnj.org/">SML</a>,
+ <a href="http://schemers.org/">Scheme</a>,
+ but specialized to grammar writing
+<LI>a <B>development platform for natural language grammars</B>, like
+ <a href="http://moin.delph-in.net/LkbTop">LKB</a>,
+ <a href="http://www2.parc.com/isl/groups/nltt/xle/">XLE</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.issco.unige.ch/en/research/projects/regulus/news.shtml">Regulus</a>,
+ but based on functional programming and type theory
+<LI>a <B>categorial grammar formalism</B>, like
+ <a href="http://www.loria.fr/equipes/calligramme/acg/">ACG</a>,
+ <a href="http://openccg.sourceforge.net/">CCG</a>,
+ but specialized for multilingual grammars,
+<LI>a <B>logical framework</B>, like
+ <a href="http://wiki.portal.chalmers.se/agda/pmwiki.php">Agda</a>,
+ <a href="http://coq.inria.fr/">Coq</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/hvg/Isabelle/">Isabelle</a>,
+ but equipped with concrete syntax in addition to logic
+<li>a <b>platform for machine translation</b>, like
+ <a href="http://www.statmt.org/moses/">Moses</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.apertium.org/">Apertium</a>,
+ but based on deep structural analysis (and usually applied for
+ limited fragments of language).
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+Don't worry if you don't know most of the references above - but if you do know at
+least one, it may help you to get a first idea of what GF is.
+</P>
+<H2>Applications</H2>
+<P>
+GF can be used for building
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="http://cloud.grammaticalframework.org/translator/">translation systems</A>
+<LI><A HREF="http://cloud.grammaticalframework.org/minibar/minibar.html">multilingual web gadgets</A>
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~hallgren/Alfa/Tutorial/GFplugin.html">natural-language interfaces</A>
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bfaYHWS6zU">dialogue systems</A>
+<LI><A HREF="lib/doc/synopsis.html">natural language resources</A>
+</UL>
+
+<H2>Availability</H2>
+<P>
+GF is <B>open-source</B>, licensed under <A HREF="LICENSE">GPL</A> (the program) and
+<A HREF="./LICENSE">LGPL</A> and <A HREF="./LICENSE">BSD</A> (the libraries). It
+is available for
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI>Linux
+<LI>Mac OS X
+<LI>Windows
+<li>Android mobile platform (via Java; runtime)
+<LI>via compilation to JavaScript, almost any platform that has a web browser (runtime)
+</UL>
+
+<H2>Projects</H2>
+<P>
+GF was first created in 1998 at
+<A HREF="http://www.xrce.xerox.com/">Xerox Research Centre Europe</A>,
+Grenoble, in the project
+Multilingual Document Authoring. At Xerox, it was used for prototypes including
+a restaurant phrase book,
+a database query system,
+a formalization of an alarm system instructions with translations to 5 languages, and
+an authoring system for medical drug descriptions.
+</P>
+<P>
+Later projects using GF and involving third parties include, in chronological order,
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~hallgren/Alfa/Tutorial/GFplugin.html">GF-Alfa</A>:
+ natural language interface to formal proofs
+<LI><A HREF="http://efficient.citi.tudor.lu/index_noframe.html">Efficient</A>:
+ authoring tool for business models.
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.key-project.org/">GF-KeY</A>:
+ authoring and translation of software specifications
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.talk-project.org">TALK</A>:
+ multilingual and multimodal spoken dialogue systems
+<LI><A HREF="http://webalt.math.helsinki.fi/">WebALT</A>:
+ multilingual generation of mathematical exercises (commercial project)
+<LI><A HREF="http://spraakbanken.gu.se/sal/">SALDO</A>:
+ Swedish morphological dictionary based on rules developed for GF and
+ <A HREF="http://www.cse.chalmers.se/alumni/markus/FM/">Functional Morphology</A>
+<LI><a href="http://www.molto-project.eu">MOLTO</a>:
+ multilingual online translation
+<LI><a href="http://remu.grammaticalframework.org">REMU</a>:
+ reliable multilingual digital communication.
+</UL>
+<p>
+Here is a <a
+href="http://videos.xrce.xerox.com/index.php/videos/index/618">talk
+about GF at XRCE</a>,
+14 years later.
+
+<P>
+Academically, GF has been used in at least ten PhD theses and resulted
+in more than a hundred
+scientific publications (see <A HREF="doc/gf-bibliography.html">GF publication list</A>).
+</P>
+<H2>Programming in GF</H2>
+<P>
+GF is easy to learn by following the <A HREF="doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial.html">tutorial</A>.
+You can write your first translator in 15 minutes.
+</P>
+<P>
+GF has an interactive command interpreter, as well as a batch compiler.
+Grammars can be compiled to parser and translator code in many different
+formats. These components can then be embedded in applications written
+in other programming languages. The formats currently supported are:
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI>Haskell
+<li>Java, in particular the Android platform
+<LI>JavaScript
+<LI>Speech recognition: HTK/ATK, Nuance, JSGF
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+The GF programming language is high-level and advanced, featuring
+</P>
+<UL>
+<LI>static type checking
+<LI>higher-order functions
+<LI>dependent types
+<LI>pattern matching with data constructors and regular expressions
+<LI>module system with multiple inheritance and parametrized modules
+</UL>
+
+<h3>Getting help</h3>
+<p>
+If you need some help with GF, the first places to start are the <a href="doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial.html">Tutorial</a> and <a href="doc/gf-refman.html">Reference</a> pages.
+The printed <a href="gf-book">book</a> contains all the material in the tutorial and some extra bits, and is the recommended reference for GF.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+We run the IRC channel <strong><code>#gf</code></strong> on the Freenode network, where you are welcome to look for help with small questions or just start a general discussion.
+IRC logs (in raw format) are available <a href="irc/">here</a>.
+If you have a larger question which the community may benefit from, we recommend you ask it on the <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/gf-dev">mailing list</a>.
+</p>
+
+<H2>Libraries</H2>
+<P>
+Libraries are at the heart of modern software engineering. In natural language
+applications, libraries are a way to cope with thousands of details involved in
+syntax, lexicon, and inflection. The
+<A HREF="lib/doc/synopsis.html">GF resource grammar library</A> has
+support for an increasing number of languages, currently including
+</P>
+<ol class=languages>
+<LI>Afrikaans
+<LI>Amharic (partial)
+<LI>Arabic (partial)
+<LI>Bulgarian
+<LI>Catalan
+<LI>Chinese
+<LI>Danish
+<LI>Dutch
+<LI>English
+<LI>Estonian
+<LI>Finnish
+<LI>French
+<LI>German
+<li>Greek
+<li>Hebrew (fragments)
+<LI>Hindi
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.interlingua.com/">Interlingua</A>
+<LI>Japanese
+<LI>Italian
+<LI>Latin (fragments)
+<LI>Latvian
+<li>Maltese
+<LI>Nepali
+<LI>Norwegian bokmål
+<LI>Persian
+<LI>Polish
+<li>Punjabi
+<LI>Romanian
+<LI>Russian
+<LI>Sindhi
+<LI>Spanish
+<li>Swahili (fragments)
+<LI>Swedish
+<LI>Thai
+<LI>Turkish (fragments)
+<LI>Urdu
+</ol>
+
+<P>
+Adding a language to the resource library takes 3 to 9
+months - contributions
+are welcome! You can start with the <A HREF="doc/gf-lrec-2010.pdf">resource grammarian's tutorial</A>.
+
+
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