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diff --git a/src/GF/API.hs b/src/GF/API.hs
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+module API where
+
+import qualified AbsGF as GF
+import qualified AbsGFC as A
+import qualified Rename as R
+import GetTree
+import GFC
+import Values
+
+-----import GetGrammar
+-----import Compile
+import IOGrammar
+import Linear
+import Parsing
+import Morphology
+import PPrCF
+import CFIdent
+import PGrammar
+import Randomized (mkRandomTree)
+import Zipper
+
+import MMacros
+import TypeCheck
+import CMacros
+
+import Option
+import Custom
+import ShellState
+import Linear
+import GFC
+import qualified Grammar as G
+import PrGrammar
+import qualified Compute as Co
+import qualified Ident as I
+import qualified GrammarToCanon as GC
+import qualified CanonToGrammar as CG
+
+import Editing
+
+----import GrammarToXML 
+
+----import GrammarToMGrammar as M
+
+import Arch (myStdGen)
+
+import UTF8
+import Operations
+import UseIO
+
+import List (nub)
+import Monad (liftM)
+import System (system)
+
+-- Application Programmer's Interface to GF; also used by Shell. AR 10/11/2001
+
+type GFGrammar = StateGrammar
+type GFCat     = CFCat
+type Ident     = I.Ident
+
+-- these are enough for many simple applications
+
+{- -----
+file2grammar :: FilePath -> IO GFGrammar
+file2grammar = do
+  egr <- appIOE $ optFile2grammar (iOpts [beSilent])
+  err putStrLn return egr
+-}
+
+linearize :: GFGrammar -> Tree -> String
+linearize sgr = err id id . optLinearizeTree opts sgr where
+  opts = addOption firstLin $ stateOptions sgr
+
+linearizeToAll :: [GFGrammar] -> Tree -> [String]
+linearizeToAll grs t = [linearize gr t | gr <- grs]
+
+parse :: GFGrammar -> CFCat -> String -> [Tree]
+parse sgr cat = errVal [] . parseString noOptions sgr cat
+
+parseAny :: [GFGrammar] -> CFCat -> String -> [Tree]
+parseAny grs cat s = concat [parse gr cat s | gr <- grs]
+
+translate :: GFGrammar -> GFGrammar -> CFCat -> String -> [String]
+translate ig og cat = map (linearize og) . parse ig cat
+
+translateToAll :: GFGrammar -> [GFGrammar] -> CFCat -> String -> [String]
+translateToAll ig ogs cat = concat . map (linearizeToAll ogs) . parse ig cat
+
+translateFromAny :: [GFGrammar] -> GFGrammar -> CFCat -> String -> [String]
+translateFromAny igs og cat s = concat [translate ig og cat s | ig <- igs]
+
+translateBetweenAll :: [GFGrammar] -> CFCat -> String -> [String]
+translateBetweenAll grs cat = concat . map (linearizeToAll grs) . parseAny grs cat
+
+homonyms :: GFGrammar -> CFCat -> Tree -> [Tree]
+homonyms gr cat = nub . parse gr cat . linearize gr
+
+hasAmbiguousLin :: GFGrammar -> CFCat -> Tree -> Bool
+hasAmbiguousLin gr cat t = case (homonyms gr cat t) of
+  _:_:_ -> True
+  _ -> False
+
+{- ----
+-- returns printname if one exists; othewrise linearizes with metas
+printOrLin :: GFGrammar -> Fun -> String
+printOrLin gr = printOrLinearize (stateGrammarST gr)
+
+-- reads a syntax file and writes it in a format wanted
+transformGrammarFile :: Options -> FilePath -> IO String
+transformGrammarFile opts file = do
+  sy <- useIOE GF.emptySyntax $ getSyntax opts file
+  return $ optPrintSyntax opts sy
+-}
+
+-- then stg for customizable and internal use
+
+{- -----
+optFile2grammar :: Options -> FilePath -> IOE GFGrammar
+optFile2grammar os f = do
+  gr <- ioeErr $ compileModule os f
+  return $ grammar2stateGrammar gr
+
+optFile2grammarE :: Options -> FilePath -> IOE GFGrammar
+optFile2grammarE = optFile2grammar
+-}
+
+string2treeInState :: GFGrammar -> String -> State -> Err Tree
+string2treeInState gr s st = do
+  let metas = allMetas st
+  t <- pTerm s
+  annotate (grammar gr) $ qualifTerm (absId gr) $ refreshMetas metas t
+
+string2srcTerm :: G.SourceGrammar -> I.Ident -> String -> Err G.Term
+string2srcTerm gr m s = do
+  t <- pTerm s
+  R.renameSourceTerm gr m t
+
+randomTreesIO :: Options -> GFGrammar -> Int -> IO [Tree]
+randomTreesIO opts gr n = do
+  gen <- myStdGen mx
+  t   <- err (\s -> putStrLnFlush s >> return []) (return . singleton) $ 
+                                                       mkRandomTree gen mx g cat
+  ts  <- if n==1 then return [] else randomTreesIO opts gr (n-1)
+  return $ t ++ ts
+ where
+   cat = firstAbsCat opts gr
+   g   = grammar gr
+   mx  = optIntOrN opts flagDepth 41
+
+speechGenerate :: Options -> String -> IO ()
+speechGenerate opts str = do
+  let lan = maybe "" (" --language" +++) $ getOptVal opts speechLanguage
+  system ("echo" +++ "\"" ++ str ++ "\" | festival --tts" ++ lan)
+  return ()
+
+optLinearizeTreeVal :: Options -> GFGrammar -> Tree -> String
+optLinearizeTreeVal opts gr = err id id . optLinearizeTree opts gr
+
+optLinearizeTree :: Options -> GFGrammar -> Tree -> Err String
+optLinearizeTree opts gr t 
+  | oElem showRecord opts = liftM prt $ linearizeNoMark g c t
+  | otherwise             = return $ linTree2string g c t
+ where
+   g = grammar gr
+   c = cncId gr
+
+{- ----
+        untoksl . lin where
+  gr = concreteOf (stateGrammarST sgr)
+  lin -- options mutually exclusive, with priority: struct, rec, table, one
+   | oElem showStruct opts = markedLinString True gr . tree2loc
+   | oElem showRecord opts = err id prt                  . linTerm gr
+   | oElem tableLin opts   = err id (concatMap prLinTable)  . allLinsAsStrs gr
+   | oElem firstLin opts   = unlines . map sstr . take 1 . allLinStrings gr
+   | otherwise = unlines . map sstr . optIntOrAll opts flagNumber . allLinStrings gr
+  untoks = customOrDefault opts' useUntokenizer customUntokenizer sgr
+  opts' = addOptions opts $ stateOptions sgr
+  untoksl = unlines . map untoks . lines
+-}
+
+{-
+optLinearizeArgForm :: Options -> StateGrammar -> [Term] -> Term -> String
+optLinearizeArgForm opts sgr fs ts0 = untoksl $ lin ts where
+  gr = concreteOf (stateGrammarST sgr) 
+  ts = annotateTrm sgr ts0
+  ms = map (renameTrm (lookupConcrete gr)) fs
+  lin -- options mutually exclusive, with priority: struct, rec, table
+   | oElem tableLin opts = err id (concatMap prLinTable) . allLinsForForms gr ms
+   | otherwise = err id (unlines . map sstr . tkStrs . concat) . allLinsForForms gr ms
+  tkStrs = concat . map snd . concat . map snd
+  untoks = customOrDefault opts' useUntokenizer customUntokenizer sgr
+  opts' = addOptions opts $ stateOptions sgr
+  untoksl = unlines . map untoks . lines
+-}
+
+optParseArg :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> [Tree]
+optParseArg opts gr =  err (const []) id . optParseArgErr opts gr
+
+optParseArgErr :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> Err [Tree]
+optParseArgErr opts gr = liftM fst . optParseArgErrMsg opts gr
+
+optParseArgErrMsg :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> Err ([Tree],String)
+optParseArgErrMsg opts gr s = 
+  let cat = firstCatOpts opts gr
+  in parseStringMsg opts gr cat s
+
+-- analyses word by word
+morphoAnalyse :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> String
+morphoAnalyse opts gr 
+  | oElem beShort opts = morphoTextShort mo 
+  | otherwise = morphoText mo 
+ where
+  mo = morpho gr
+
+{-
+prExpXML :: StateGrammar -> Term -> [String]
+prExpXML gr = prElementX . term2elemx (stateAbstract gr) 
+
+prMultiGrammar :: Options -> ShellState -> String
+prMultiGrammar opts = M.showMGrammar (oElem optimizeCanon opts)
+-}
+-- access to customizable commands
+
+optPrintGrammar :: Options -> StateGrammar -> String
+optPrintGrammar opts = customOrDefault opts grammarPrinter customGrammarPrinter
+
+optPrintSyntax :: Options -> GF.Grammar -> String
+optPrintSyntax opts = customOrDefault opts grammarPrinter customSyntaxPrinter
+
+{- ----
+optPrintTree :: Options -> GFGrammar -> Tree -> String
+optPrintTree opts = customOrDefault opts grammarPrinter customTermPrinter
+
+-- look for string command (-filter=x)
+optStringCommand :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> String
+optStringCommand opts g = 
+  optIntOrAll opts flagLength .  
+  customOrDefault opts filterString customStringCommand g
+
+optTreeCommand :: Options -> GFGrammar -> Tree -> [Tree]
+optTreeCommand opts st = 
+  optIntOrAll opts flagNumber .  
+  customOrDefault opts termCommand customTermCommand st
+-}
+
+{-
+-- wraps term in a function and optionally computes the result
+
+wrapByFun :: Options -> StateGrammar -> Ident -> Term -> Term
+wrapByFun opts g f t = 
+  if oElem doCompute opts 
+  then err (const t) id $ computeAbsTerm (stateAbstract g) (appCons f [t])
+  else appCons f [t]
+
+optTransfer :: Options -> StateGrammar -> Term -> Term
+optTransfer opts g = case getOptVal opts transferFun of
+  Just f -> wrapByFun (addOption doCompute opts) g (string2id f)
+  _ -> id
+-}
+optTokenizer :: Options -> GFGrammar -> String -> String
+optTokenizer opts gr = show . customOrDefault opts useTokenizer customTokenizer gr
+
+-- performs UTF8 if the language name is not *U.gf ; should be by gr option ---
+optEncodeUTF8 :: Language -> GFGrammar -> String -> String
+optEncodeUTF8 lang gr = case reverse (prLanguage lang) of
+  'U':_ -> id
+  _ -> encodeUTF8
+