1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html><head><title>GF Version 2.0</title></head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
<center>
<img src="gf-logo.gif">
<h1>Grammatical Framework</h1>
<h2>Version 2.1</h2>
November 8, 2004.
</center>
<p>
</p><h2>News</h2>
<i>March 15, 2005</i>.
Master's thesis by
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~bringert/">Björn Bringert</a> on
<a
href="http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/~d00bring/publ/exjobb/embedded-grammars.pdf">
Embedded grammars</a>:
GF grammars that can be used as parts of Java programs. And a
<a
href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~bringert/misc/tramdemo.avi">demo film</a>
of a multimodal dialogue system built with embedded grammars.
<p>
<i>November 9, 2004</i>.
PhD Thesis by
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~peb">Peter Ljunglöf</a>:
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~peb/pubs/p04-PhD-thesis.pdf">
Expressivity and Complexity of the Grammatical Framework</a>.
<p>
<i>November 8, 2004</i>. GF 2.1 released.
Here are the <a
href="doc/gf2-highlights.html">highlights</a>.
Software available on the <a href="download/gf-download.html">Download
Page</a>.
<p>
Main novelties in 2.1:
multiple inheritance of grammar modules,
speech recognition grammar generation,
lots of bug fixes.
<p>
Version 2.0 still available
on the <a href="download-2.0/gf-download.html">GF 2.0 Download Page</a>.
<p>
If you need something from the previous version of the web page, it is
still available:
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/GF1">
GF 1.2</a>.
</p><h2>What is GF?</h2>
The Grammatical Framework (=GF) is a grammar formalism based on type
theory. It consists of
<ul>
<li> a special-purpose programming language
</li><li> a compiler of the language
</li><li> a generic grammar processor
</li></ul>
The compiler reads
GF grammars from user-provided files,
and the generic grammar processor performs
various tasks with the grammars:
<ul>
<li> generation
</li><li> parsing
</li><li> translation
</li><li> type checking
</li><li> computation
</li><li> paraphrasing
</li><li> random and exhaustive generation
</li><li> syntax editing
</li></ul>
GF particularly addresses two aspects of grammars:
<ul>
<li> multilinguality (parallel grammars for different languages)
</li><li> semantics (semantic conditions of well-formedness, semantic
properties of expressions)
</li></ul>
GF Version 2.0 adds the aspect of
<ul>
<li> modularity and grammar engineering.
</ul>
GF is open-source software licensed under
<a href="LICENSE">GNU General Public License (GPL)</a>.
<h2>Examples and demos</h2>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~bringert/gf/translate/">Numeral
translator</a>: recognizes and generates
numbers from 1 to 999,999 in 80 languages.
(The link goes to a live applet, which requires
<a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">Java 1.5 plugin</a>.
Here is an <a href="doc/2341.html">example</a>, which does
not require the plugin.)
<p>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Ekrijo/gramlets/letter-applet.html">Letter
editor</a>:
write simple letters in English, Finnish,
French, Swedish, and Russian with a few mouse clicks.
<p>
<a href="lib/resource/">Resource grammar library</a>:
basic structures of seven languages
(English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Russian, Swedish).
Resource grammars can be used as libraries for writing GF
applications,
but they can also be useful for language training.
<h2>Executable programs</h2>
GF is available precompiled for
several platforms: Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, and Sun OS.
For more information, see the <a href="download/gf-download.html">Download Page</a>.
<h2>Source code</h2>
The main part of GF is written in
<a href="http://www.haskell.org/">Haskell</a>.
<p>
The platform-independent graphical user interface is written in
<a href="http://java.sun.com/">Java</a>.
</p><p>
The <a href="download/gf-download.html">Download Page</a>
gives links to source and binary packages, as well as
information on compiler requirements.
</p><h2>Documents</h2>
Some of the documents have not yet been updated for GF 2.0.
See the <a href="doc/gf2-highlights.html">
Highlights</a> of Version 2.0 for the main differences.
<ul>
<li>
<a href="doc/javaGUImanual/javaGUImanual.htm">User's tutorial</a>
on editing in the Java interface.
</li><li>
<a href="Tutorial/gf-tutorial.html">Grammarian's tutorial</a>
on writing GF grammars, with exercises.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/short/01-gf-short.html">
GF in 25 Minutes</a> for programmers.
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/articles/gf-jfp.ps.gz">Grammatical Framework: A Type-Theoretical
Grammar Formalism</a> (ps.gz). Theoretical paper on GF by A. Ranta, appeared
in <i>The Journal of Functional Programming</i>, vol. 14:2. 2004, pp. 145-189.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/gf-manual.html">
User Manual</a> explaining the GF user interfaces and command language.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/DocGF.pdf">
Language specification</a> of the GF grammar formalism.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/gf2-highlights.html">
Highlights</a> of Version 2.1 and 2.0 (in comparison with version 1.2).
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/slides/gf-rocquencourt.pdf">Slides on GF theory and
implementation</a> given
at INRIA Rocquencourt in December 2003.
</li><li>
<a
href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/slides/multi-eng-slides.pdf">
Slides on multilingual grammar engineering</a> and some examples of
using the modules system of GF 2.0.
</li><li>
PhD Thesis by
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~peb">Peter Ljunglöf</a>:
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~peb/papper/avhandling.pdf">
Expressivity and Complexity of the Grammatical Framework</a>.
Language-theoretical study of GF and its parsing problem.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/gf-bibliography.html">
Bibliography</a>:
publications on GF, as well as background literature.
</li></ul>
<h2>Projects and events</h2>
<a href="http://www.talk-project.org">TALK</a> = Tools for Ambient Linguistic
Knowledge</a>. GF is used in implementing multimodal and multilingual dialogue systems.
<p>
<a href="http://www.key-project.org/">KeY</a> project on Integrated Deductive
Software Design. GF is used for
authoring informal and formal specifications. More details on the GF
application
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Ekrijo/GF/specifications.html">
here</a>.
<p>
An introductory course on GF was given at the
<a href="http://www.logic.at/esslli03/">ESSLLI summer school</a>
in Vienna 2003.
<h2>Miscellaneous</h2>
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Ekrijo/gramlets/index.html">Gramlets</a>:
GF grammars compiled to Java applets.
</li><li>
<a href="doc/gfcc.pdf">
GFCC</a>:
report on a compiler from a fragment of C to JVM, written in GF.
The compiler source code can be found in the directory
<tt>lib/imperative</tt> in the <a href="download/gf-lib.tgz">GF grammar library</a>.
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/GF1">
Previous version of the GF Home Page</a>
last updated for GF, Version 1.2, 2003.
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.xrce.xerox.com/competencies/content-analysis/past-projects/gf/home.en.html">
The GF Xerox Home Page</a>
with the oldest releases of and documents on GF, Version 0.54, 1999.
</li><li>
Earlier application:
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Ehallgren/Alfa/Tutorial/GFplugin.html">
Natural-Language Interface to the proof editor Alfa</a>.
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Emarkus/BNFC">The BNF Converter</a>.
A GF spin-off customized for the description of programming
languages.
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Emarkus/FM">The Functional
Morphology project</a>. Creating infrastructure for GF and other
linguistic applications.
</li></ul>
<h2>Authors</h2>
The <a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/Cs/Research/Language-technology/">
Languge Technology Group</a>.
More details on the
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Eaarne/GF/doc/gf-people.html">
Authors and Acknowledgements</a> page.
<h2>Implementation project</h2>
Want to become a GF developer? Contact
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Eaarne/">Aarne Ranta</a>.
Or just get the sources and start hacking.
<hr>
Last modified by
<a href="http://www.cs.chalmers.se/%7Eaarne">
Aarne Ranta</a>,
November 8, 2004.
</body></html>
|
