1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
|
--2 Implementations of Words, with English as example
concrete WordsEng of Words = SentencesEng **
open
SyntaxEng,
ParadigmsEng,
(L = LexiconEng),
(P = ParadigmsEng),
IrregEng,
ExtraEng,
Prelude in {
lin
-- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$.
Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ;
Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ;
Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ;
Cheese = mkCN (mkN "cheese") ;
Chicken = mkCN (mkN "chicken") ;
Coffee = mkCN (mkN "coffee") ;
Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ;
Meat = mkCN (mkN "meat") ;
Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ;
Pizza = mkCN (mkN "pizza") ;
Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ;
Tea = mkCN (mkN "tea") ;
Water = mkCN L.water_N ;
Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ;
-- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$.
Bad = L.bad_A ;
Boring = mkA "boring" ;
Cheap = mkA "cheap" ;
Cold = L.cold_A ;
Delicious = mkA "delicious" ;
Expensive = mkA "expensive" ;
Fresh = mkA "fresh" ;
Good = L.good_A ;
Suspect = mkA "suspect" ;
Warm = L.warm_A ;
-- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages
-- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as
-- defined by $mkPlace$.
Airport = mkPlace "airport" "at" ;
AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace "amusement" "park" "at" ;
Bank = mkPlace "bank" "at" ;
Bar = mkPlace "bar" "in" ;
Cafeteria = mkPlace "canteen" "in" ;
Center = mkPlace "center" "in" ;
Cinema = mkPlace "cinema" "at" ;
Church = mkPlace "church" "in" ;
Disco = mkPlace "disco" "at" ;
Hospital = mkPlace "hospital" "in" ;
Hotel = mkPlace "hotel" "in" ;
Museum = mkPlace "museum" "at" ;
Park = mkPlace "park" "in" ;
Parking = mkCompoundPlace "car" "park" "in" ;
Pharmacy = mkPlace "pharmacy" "at" ;
PostOffice = mkCompoundPlace "post" "office" "at" ;
Pub = mkPlace "pub" "at" ;
Restaurant = mkPlace "restaurant" "in" ;
School = mkPlace "school" "at" ;
Shop = mkPlace "shop" "at" ;
Station = mkPlace "station" "at" ;
Supermarket = mkPlace "supermarket" "at" ;
Theatre = mkPlace "theatre" "at" ;
Toilet = mkPlace "toilet" "in" ;
University = mkPlace "university" "at" ;
Zoo = mkPlace "zoo" "at" ;
CitRestaurant cit = mkCNPlace (mkCN cit (mkN "restaurant")) in_Prep to_Prep ;
-- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns.
DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Danish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
Dollar = mkCN (mkN "dollar") ;
Euro = mkCN (mkN "euro" "euros") ; -- to prevent euroes
Lei = mkCN (mkN "leu" "lei") ;
Leva = mkCN (mkN "lev") ;
NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA "Norwegian") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
Pound = mkCN (mkN "pound") ;
Rouble = mkCN (mkN "rouble") ;
Rupee = mkCN (mkN "rupee") ;
SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Swedish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
Zloty = mkCN (mkN "zloty" "zloty") ;
Yuan = mkCN (mkN "yuan" "yuan") ;
-- Nationalities
Belgian = mkA "Belgian" ;
Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Belgium") ;
Bulgarian = mkNat "Bulgarian" "Bulgaria" ;
Catalan = mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Catalan")) (mkNP (mkPN "Catalonia")) (mkA "Catalonian") ;
Chinese = mkNat "Chinese" "China" ;
Danish = mkNat "Danish" "Denmark" ;
Dutch = mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN "Dutch")) (mkNP the_Quant (mkN "Netherlands")) (mkA "Dutch") ;
English = mkNat "English" "England" ;
Finnish = mkNat "Finnish" "Finland" ;
Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Flemish") ;
French = mkNat "French" "France" ;
German = mkNat "German" "Germany" ;
Hindi = mkNP (mkPN "Hindi") ;
India = mkNP (mkPN "India") ;
Indian = mkA "Indian" ;
Italian = mkNat "Italian" "Italy" ;
Norwegian = mkNat "Norwegian" "Norway" ;
Polish = mkNat "Polish" "Poland" ;
Romanian = mkNat "Romanian" "Romania" ;
Russian = mkNat "Russian" "Russia" ;
Spanish = mkNat "Spanish" "Spain" ;
Swedish = mkNat "Swedish" "Sweden" ;
-- Means of transportation
Bike = mkTransport L.bike_N ;
Bus = mkTransport (mkN "bus") ;
Car = mkTransport L.car_N ;
Ferry = mkTransport (mkN "ferry") ;
Plane = mkTransport L.airplane_N ;
Subway = mkTransport (mkN "subway") ;
Taxi = mkTransport (mkN "taxi") ;
Train = mkTransport (mkN "train") ;
Tram = mkTransport (mkN "tram") ;
ByFoot = P.mkAdv "by foot" ;
-- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent.
AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP (mkNP num L.year_N) (ParadigmsEng.mkAdv "old"));
AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ;
AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ;
AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ;
AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ;
AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.know_V ;
ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ;
ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
ALove p q = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "love")) q.name ;
AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ;
AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ;
AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ;
ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (mkV2 IrregEng.speak_V) lang ;
AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ;
ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ;
AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.understand_V ;
AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ;
AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregEng.go_V) place.to) ;
-- miscellaneous
QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl (mkIComp whatSg_IP) (nameOf p)) ;
-- QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl whatSg_IP (mkVP (nameOf p))) ;
QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (ICompAP (mkAP L.old_A)) p.name) ;
HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item IrregEng.cost_V)) ;
ItCost item price = mkCl item (mkV2 IrregEng.cost_V) price ;
PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_Adv ;
PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_Adv ;
PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d) ;
PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d) ;
PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d.habitual) ;
PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d.habitual) ;
-- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use
-- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ;
PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ;
PSeeYouPlaceDate p d =
mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you")))
(mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ;
-- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$
-- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of
-- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns.
Wife = xOf sing (mkN "wife") ;
Husband = xOf sing (mkN "husband") ;
Son = xOf sing (mkN "son") ;
Daughter = xOf sing (mkN "daughter") ;
Children = xOf plur L.child_N ;
-- week days
Monday = mkDay "Monday" ;
Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ;
Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ;
Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ;
Friday = mkDay "Friday" ;
Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ;
Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ;
Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ;
-- modifiers of places
TheBest = mkSuperl L.good_A ;
TheClosest = mkSuperl L.near_A ;
TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA "cheap") ;
TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA "expensive") ;
TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA "popular") ;
TheWorst = mkSuperl L.bad_A ;
SuperlPlace sup p = placeNP sup p ;
-- transports
HowFar place = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv place.name) ;
HowFarFrom x y =
mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name (SyntaxEng.mkAdv from_Prep x.name))) ;
HowFarFromBy x y t =
mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name (SyntaxEng.mkAdv from_Prep (mkNP x.name t)))) ;
HowFarBy y t = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkCl y.name t)) ;
WhichTranspPlace trans place =
mkQS (mkQCl (mkIP which_IDet trans.name) (mkVP (mkVP L.go_V) place.to)) ;
IsTranspPlace trans place =
mkQS (mkQCl (mkCl (mkCN trans.name place.to))) ;
-- auxiliaries
oper
mkNat : Str -> Str -> NPNationality = \nat,co ->
mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN nat)) (mkNP (mkPN co)) (mkA nat) ;
mkDay : Str -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d ->
let day = mkNP (mkPN d) in
mkNPDay day (SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep day)
(SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP a_Quant plNum (mkCN (mkN d)))) ;
mkCompoundPlace : Str -> Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \comp, p, i ->
mkCNPlace (mkCN (P.mkN comp (mkN p))) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
mkPlace : Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \p,i ->
mkCNPlace (mkCN (mkN p)) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ;
closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ;
xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p ->
relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ;
nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ;
mkTransport : N -> {name : CN ; by : Adv} = \n -> {
name = mkCN n ;
by = SyntaxEng.mkAdv by8means_Prep (mkNP n)
} ;
mkSuperl : A -> Det = \a -> SyntaxEng.mkDet the_Art (SyntaxEng.mkOrd a) ;
far_IAdv = ExtraEng.IAdvAdv (ss "far") ;
--------------------------------------------------
-- New 30/11/2011 AR
--------------------------------------------------
lin
Thai = mkNat "Thai" "Thailand" ;
Baht = mkCN (mkN "baht" "baht") ;
Rice = mkCN (mkN "rice") ;
Pork = mkCN (mkN "pork") ;
Beef = mkCN (mkN "beef") ;
Egg = mkCN L.egg_N ;
Noodles = mkCN (mkN "noodle") ;
Shrimps = mkCN (mkN "shrimp") ;
Chili = mkCN (mkN "chili") ;
Garlic = mkCN (mkN "garlic") ;
Durian = mkCN (mkN "durian") ;
Mango = mkCN (mkN "mango") ;
Pineapple = mkCN (mkN "pineapple") ;
Coke = mkCN (mkN "coke") ;
IceCream = mkCN (mkN "ice cream") ;
Salad = mkCN (mkN "salad") ;
OrangeJuice = mkCN (mkN "orange juice") ;
Lemonade = mkCN (mkN "lemonade") ;
Beach = mkPlace "beach" "on" ;
ItsRaining = mkCl (progressiveVP (mkVP L.rain_V0)) ;
ItsCold = mkCl (mkVP L.cold_A) ;
ItsWarm = mkCl (mkVP L.warm_A) ;
ItsWindy = mkCl (mkVP (P.mkA "windy")) ;
SunShine = mkCl (mkNP the_Det L.sun_N) (progressiveVP (mkVP shine_V)) ;
Smoke = mkVP (P.mkV "smoke") ;
ADoctor = mkProfession (mkN "doctor") ;
AProfessor = mkProfession (mkN "professor") ;
ALawyer = mkProfession (mkN "lawyer") ;
AEngineer = mkProfession (mkN "engineer") ;
ATeacher = mkProfession (mkN "teacher") ;
ACook = mkProfession (mkN "cook") ;
AStudent = mkProfession (mkN "student") ;
ABusinessman = mkProfession (mkN "businessman" "businessmen") ;
oper
mkProfession : N -> NPPerson -> Cl = \n,p -> mkCl p.name n ;
}
|
