1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
|
--2 Implementations of Words, with English as example
concrete WordsEng of Words = SentencesEng **
open
SyntaxEng,
ParadigmsEng,
(L = LexiconEng),
(P = ParadigmsEng),
IrregEng,
ExtraEng,
Prelude in {
lin
-- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$.
Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ;
Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ;
Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ;
Cheese = mkCN (mkN "cheese") ;
Chicken = mkCN (mkN "chicken") ;
Coffee = mkCN (mkN "coffee") ;
Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ;
Meat = mkCN (mkN "meat") ;
Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ;
Pizza = mkCN (mkN "pizza") ;
Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ;
Tea = mkCN (mkN "tea") ;
Water = mkCN L.water_N ;
Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ;
-- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$.
Bad = L.bad_A ;
Boring = mkA "boring" ;
Cheap = mkA "cheap" ;
Cold = L.cold_A ;
Delicious = mkA "delicious" ;
Expensive = mkA "expensive" ;
Fresh = mkA "fresh" ;
Good = L.good_A ;
Suspect = mkA "suspect" ;
Warm = L.warm_A ;
-- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages
-- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as
-- defined by $mkPlace$.
Airport = mkPlace "airport" "at" ;
Bar = mkPlace "bar" "in" ;
Church = mkPlace "church" "in" ;
Cinema = mkPlace "cinema" "at" ;
Hospital = mkPlace "hospital" "in" ;
Hotel = mkPlace "hotel" "in" ;
Museum = mkPlace "museum" "in" ;
Park = mkPlace "park" "in" ;
Restaurant = mkPlace "restaurant" "in" ;
School = mkPlace "school" "at" ;
Shop = mkPlace "shop" "in" ;
Station = mkPlace "station" "at" ;
Theatre = mkPlace "theatre" "at" ;
Toilet = mkPlace "toilet" "in" ;
University = mkPlace "university" "at" ;
-- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns.
DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Danish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
Dollar = mkCN (mkN "dollar") ;
Euro = mkCN (mkN "euro" "euros") ; -- to prevent euroes
Lei = mkCN (mkN "leu" "lei") ;
SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Swedish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
-- Nationalities
Belgian = mkA "Belgian" ;
Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Belgium") ;
English = mkNat "English" "England" ;
Finnish = mkNat "Finnish" "Finland" ;
Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Flemish") ;
French = mkNat "French" "France" ;
Italian = mkNat "Italian" "Italy" ;
Romanian = mkNat "Romanian" "Romania" ;
Swedish = mkNat "Swedish" "Sweden" ;
-- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent.
AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP num L.year_N) ;
AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ;
AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ;
AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ;
AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ;
AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.know_V ;
ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ;
ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
ALove p q = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "love")) q.name ;
AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ;
AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ;
AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ;
ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (mkV2 IrregEng.speak_V) lang ;
AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ;
ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ;
AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.understand_V ;
AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ;
AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregEng.go_V) place.to) ;
-- miscellaneous
QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl whatSg_IP (mkVP (nameOf p))) ;
QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (ICompAP (mkAP L.old_A)) p.name) ;
HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item IrregEng.cost_V)) ;
ItCost item price = mkCl item (mkV2 IrregEng.cost_V) price ;
PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_Adv ;
PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_Adv ;
PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d) ;
PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d) ;
PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d.habitual) ;
PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d.habitual) ;
-- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use
-- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ;
PSeeYou d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
PSeeYouPlace p d =
mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you")))
(mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ;
-- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$
-- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of
-- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns.
Wife = xOf sing (mkN "wife") ;
Husband = xOf sing (mkN "husband") ;
Son = xOf sing (mkN "son") ;
Daughter = xOf sing (mkN "daughter") ;
Children = xOf plur L.child_N ;
-- week days
Monday = mkDay "Monday" ;
Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ;
Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ;
Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ;
Friday = mkDay "Friday" ;
Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ;
Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ;
Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ;
-- auxiliaries
oper
mkNat : Str -> Str -> NPNationality = \nat,co ->
mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN nat)) (mkNP (mkPN co)) (mkA nat) ;
mkDay : Str -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d ->
let day = mkNP (mkPN d) in
mkNPDay day (SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep day)
(SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP a_Quant plNum (mkCN (mkN d)))) ;
mkPlace : Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} = \p,i ->
mkCNPlace (mkCN (mkN p)) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ;
closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ;
xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p ->
relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ;
nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ;
}
|
