1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
|
--1 GF Resource Grammar API for Structural Words
--
-- AR 21/11/2003
--
-- Here we have some words belonging to closed classes and appearing
-- in all languages we have considered.
-- Sometimes they are not really meaningful, e.g. $TheyNP$ in French
-- should really be replaced by masculine and feminine variants.
abstract Structural = Combinations ** {
fun
--!
--2 Determiners and noun phrases
--
-- Many plural determiners can take a numeral modifier. So can the plural
-- pronouns "we" and "you".
EveryDet, WhichDet, AllDet, -- every, sg which, sg all
SomeDet, AnyDet, NoDet, -- sg some, any, no
MostDet, MostsDet, ManyDet, MuchDet : Det ; -- sg most, pl most, many, much
ThisDet, ThatDet : Det ; -- this, that
AllsDet, WhichsDet, -- pl all, which (86)
SomesDet, AnysDet, NosDet, -- pl some, any, no
TheseDet, ThoseDet : Num -> Det ; -- these, those (86)
ThisNP, ThatNP : NP ; -- this, that
TheseNP, ThoseNP : Num -> NP ; -- these, those (86)
INP, ThouNP, HeNP, SheNP, ItNP : NP ; -- personal pronouns in singular
WeNP, YeNP : Num -> NP ; -- these pronouns can take numeral
TheyNP : NP ; YouNP : NP ; -- they, the polite you
EverybodyNP, SomebodyNP, NobodyNP, -- everybody, somebody, nobody
EverythingNP, SomethingNP, NothingNP : NP ; -- everything, something, nothing
--!
--2 Auxiliary verbs
--
-- Depending on language, all, some, or none of there verbs belong to
-- a separate class of *auxiliary* verbs. The list is incomplete.
CanVV, CanKnowVV, MustVV : VV ; -- can (pouvoir/savoir), must
WantVV : VV ; -- want (to do)
--!
--2 Adverbials
--
WhenIAdv,WhereIAdv,WhyIAdv,HowIAdv : IAdv ; -- when, where, why, how
EverywhereNP, SomewhereNP,NowhereNP : AdV ; -- everywhere, somewhere, nowhere
VeryAdv, TooAdv : AdA ; -- very, too
AlmostAdv, QuiteAdv : AdA ; -- almost, quite
OtherwiseAdv, ThereforeAdv : AdS ; -- therefore, otherwise
--!
--2 Conjunctions and subjunctions
--
AndConj, OrConj : Conj ; -- and, or
BothAnd, EitherOr, NeitherNor : ConjD ; -- both-and, either-or, neither-nor
IfSubj, WhenSubj, AlthoughSubj : Subj ; -- if, when, although
--!
--2 Prepositions
--
-- We have carefully chosen a set of semantic relations expressible
-- by prepositions in some languages, by cases or postpositions in
-- others. Complement uses of prepositions are not included, and
-- should be treated by the use of many-place verbs, adjectives, and
-- functions.
InPrep, OnPrep, ToPrep, FromPrep, -- spatial relations
ThroughPrep, AbovePrep, UnderPrep,
InFrontPrep, BehindPrep, BetweenPrep : Prep ;
BeforePrep, DuringPrep, AfterPrep : Prep ; -- temporal relations
WithPrep, WithoutPrep, ByMeansPrep : Prep ; -- some other relations
PartPrep : Prep ; -- partitive "of" ("bottle of wine")
AgentPrep : Prep ; -- agent "by" in passive constructions
--!
--2 Affirmation and negation
--
-- The negative-positive (French "si", German "doch") is missing.
PhrYes, PhrNo : Phr ; -- yes, no
}
|
