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authoraarne <aarne@chalmers.se>2009-06-22 15:39:08 +0000
committeraarne <aarne@chalmers.se>2009-06-22 15:39:08 +0000
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treec7d46bbd0494043b4bd6f917a25a7687517d0547 /next-lib/src/abstract/Noun.gf
parent3049b59b35b25381a7c6787444165c200d66e08b (diff)
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---1 Noun: Nouns, noun phrases, and determiners
-
-abstract Noun = Cat ** {
-
-
---2 Noun phrases
-
--- The three main types of noun phrases are
--- - common nouns with determiners
--- - proper names
--- - pronouns
---
---
- fun
- DetCN : Det -> CN -> NP ; -- the man
- UsePN : PN -> NP ; -- John
- UsePron : Pron -> NP ; -- he
-
--- Pronouns are defined in the module [``Structural`` Structural.html].
-
--- A noun phrase already formed can be modified by a $Predet$erminer.
-
- PredetNP : Predet -> NP -> NP; -- only the man
-
--- A noun phrase can also be postmodified by the past participle of a
--- verb, by an adverb, or by a relative clause
-
- PPartNP : NP -> V2 -> NP ; -- the man seen
- AdvNP : NP -> Adv -> NP ; -- Paris today
- RelNP : NP -> RS -> NP ; -- Paris, which is here
-
--- Determiners can form noun phrases directly.
-
- DetNP : Det -> NP ; -- these five
-
-
---2 Determiners
-
--- The determiner has a fine-grained structure, in which a 'nucleus'
--- quantifier and an optional numeral can be discerned.
-
- DetQuant : Quant -> Num -> Det ; -- these five
- DetQuantOrd : Quant -> Num -> Ord -> Det ; -- these five best
-
--- Whether the resulting determiner is singular or plural depends on the
--- cardinal.
-
--- All parts of the determiner can be empty, except $Quant$, which is
--- the "kernel" of a determiner. It is, however, the $Num$ that determines
--- the inherent number.
-
- NumSg : Num ;
- NumPl : Num ;
- NumCard : Card -> Num ;
-
--- $Card$ consists of either digits or numeral words.
-
- NumDigits : Digits -> Card ; -- 51
- NumNumeral : Numeral -> Card ; -- fifty-one
-
--- The construction of numerals is defined in [Numeral Numeral.html].
-
--- A $Card$ can be modified by certain adverbs.
-
- AdNum : AdN -> Card -> Card ; -- almost 51
-
--- An $Ord$ consists of either digits or numeral words.
--- Also superlative forms of adjectives behave syntactically like ordinals.
-
- OrdDigits : Digits -> Ord ; -- 51st
- OrdNumeral : Numeral -> Ord ; -- fifty-first
- OrdSuperl : A -> Ord ; -- warmest
-
--- Definite and indefinite noun phrases are sometimes realized as
--- neatly distinct words (Spanish "un, unos ; el, los") but also without
--- any particular word (Finnish; Swedish definites).
-
- IndefArt : Quant ;
- DefArt : Quant ;
-
--- Nouns can be used without an article as mass nouns. The resource does
--- not distinguish mass nouns from other common nouns, which can result
--- in semantically odd expressions.
-
- MassNP : CN -> NP ; -- (beer)
-
--- Pronouns have possessive forms. Genitives of other kinds
--- of noun phrases are not given here, since they are not possible
--- in e.g. Romance languages. They can be found in $Extra$ modules.
-
- PossPron : Pron -> Quant ; -- my (house)
-
--- Other determiners are defined in [Structural Structural.html].
-
-
-
---2 Common nouns
-
--- Simple nouns can be used as nouns outright.
-
- UseN : N -> CN ; -- house
-
--- Relational nouns take one or two arguments.
-
- ComplN2 : N2 -> NP -> CN ; -- mother of the king
- ComplN3 : N3 -> NP -> N2 ; -- distance from this city (to Paris)
-
--- Relational nouns can also be used without their arguments.
--- The semantics is typically derivative of the relational meaning.
-
- UseN2 : N2 -> CN ; -- mother
- Use2N3 : N3 -> N2 ; -- distance (from this city)
- Use3N3 : N3 -> N2 ; -- distance (to Paris)
-
--- Nouns can be modified by adjectives, relative clauses, and adverbs
--- (the last rule will give rise to many 'PP attachment' ambiguities
--- when used in connection with verb phrases).
-
- AdjCN : AP -> CN -> CN ; -- big house
- RelCN : CN -> RS -> CN ; -- house that John bought
- AdvCN : CN -> Adv -> CN ; -- house on the hill
-
--- Nouns can also be modified by embedded sentences and questions.
--- For some nouns this makes little sense, but we leave this for applications
--- to decide. Sentential complements are defined in [Verb Verb.html].
-
- SentCN : CN -> SC -> CN ; -- question where she sleeps
-
---2 Apposition
-
--- This is certainly overgenerating.
-
- ApposCN : CN -> NP -> CN ; -- city Paris (, numbers x and y)
-
-
-} ;